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Prof. Vincent Gruis
Department of Management in the Built Environment, Faculty of Architecture and the Built Environment, TU Delft, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5043, 2600 GA Delft Nederland, The Netherlands

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0 housing
0 circular economy
0 real estate management
0 research through design
0 Supply chain partnering

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circular economy

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Journal article
Published: 28 July 2021 in Sustainability
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Local authorities (LAs) play an essential role in diffusing home energy renovation measures. However, there are rare business models developed for local authority actions. This paper aims to develop a critical review of the way that local authorities developed business models for pop-up centres where consultants can encourage home energy renovation measures. From 2017 to 2021, participatory research was conducted in collaboration with seven LAs from the UK, France, Belgium, and the Netherlands. Although local authorities could use business model approaches for the development of pop-up home renovation consultancy centres, we noticed that LAs could not apply specific strategies to fit various customer segment groups. Therefore, a traditional business model needs to be investigated further for local authority activities.

ACS Style

Minyoung Kwon; Erwin Mlecnik; Vincent Gruis. Business Model Development for Temporary Home Renovation Consultancy Centres: Experiences from European Pop-Ups. Sustainability 2021, 13, 8450 .

AMA Style

Minyoung Kwon, Erwin Mlecnik, Vincent Gruis. Business Model Development for Temporary Home Renovation Consultancy Centres: Experiences from European Pop-Ups. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (15):8450.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Minyoung Kwon; Erwin Mlecnik; Vincent Gruis. 2021. "Business Model Development for Temporary Home Renovation Consultancy Centres: Experiences from European Pop-Ups." Sustainability 13, no. 15: 8450.

Journal article
Published: 16 February 2021 in Sustainability
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The concept of Circular Economy (CE) and its application in the built environment is an emerging research field. Scholars approach CE from various perspectives covering a wide range of topics from material innovation to city-scale application. However, there is little research on CE implementation in housing stock, particularly that which is managed or owned by the social housing organisations (SHOs) and which offers opportunities to generate circular flows of materials at the portfolio level. This research focuses on Dutch SHOs and uses the Delphi method to examine CE practices in their asset management, as well as the main barriers to and potential enablers of its uptake. The analysis of two iterative rounds of expert questioning indicates that Dutch SHOs are in the early experimental phase in CE implementation. From the results, it is evident that organisational, cultural, and financial barriers are the most pressing ones that hinder the wider adoption of CE in their asset management. Building on the panel input, this study suggests potential enablers to overcome these barriers, such as CE legislation, best practice case studies, commitment and support from the top management, and the creation of a clear business case.

ACS Style

Sultan Çetin; Vincent Gruis; Ad Straub. Towards Circular Social Housing: An Exploration of Practices, Barriers, and Enablers. Sustainability 2021, 13, 2100 .

AMA Style

Sultan Çetin, Vincent Gruis, Ad Straub. Towards Circular Social Housing: An Exploration of Practices, Barriers, and Enablers. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (4):2100.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sultan Çetin; Vincent Gruis; Ad Straub. 2021. "Towards Circular Social Housing: An Exploration of Practices, Barriers, and Enablers." Sustainability 13, no. 4: 2100.

Journal article
Published: 02 September 2019 in Journal of Property Investment & Finance
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Purpose Information verification is an important factor in commercial valuation practice. Valuers use their professional autonomy to decide on the level of verification required, thereby creating an opportunity for client-related judgement bias in valuation. The purpose of this paper is to assess the manifestation of client attachment risks in information verification. Design/methodology/approach A case-based questionnaire was used to retrieve data from 290 commercial valuation professionals in the Netherlands, providing a 15 per cent response rate of the Dutch commercial valuation population. Descriptive and inferential statistics have been used to test research hypotheses involving relations between information verification and professional features that may indicate client attachment such as an executive job level and brokerage experience. Findings The results reveal that valuers acting at partner level within their organisation obtain lower scores on information verification compared to lower-ranked valuers. Also, brokerage experience correlates negatively to information verification of valuation professionals. Both findings have statistical significance. Research limitations/implications The results reflect valuers’ reasoning behaviour rather than actual behaviour. Replication of findings through experimental design will contribute to research validity. Practical implications Maintaining close client contact in a competitive environment is important for business continuity yet may foster client attachment. The associated downside risks in valuation practice call for higher awareness of (subconscious) client influence and the development of attitudinal scepticism in valuer training programmes. Originality/value This paper is one of the few that explore possible sources of valuer judgement bias by relating client-friendly valuer features to a key area of valuation i.e. information verification.

ACS Style

Pim Klamer; Vincent Gruis; Cok Bakker. How client attachment affects information verification in commercial valuation practice. Journal of Property Investment & Finance 2019, 37, 541 -554.

AMA Style

Pim Klamer, Vincent Gruis, Cok Bakker. How client attachment affects information verification in commercial valuation practice. Journal of Property Investment & Finance. 2019; 37 (6):541-554.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pim Klamer; Vincent Gruis; Cok Bakker. 2019. "How client attachment affects information verification in commercial valuation practice." Journal of Property Investment & Finance 37, no. 6: 541-554.

Journal article
Published: 08 May 2019 in Urban Science
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Affordable housing is increasingly developed, financed and managed by a mix of state, third-sector, market and community actors. This has led to the emergence of various hybrid governance and finance arrangements. This development can be seen as part of a general long-term neoliberal trend in government policies, and social, cultural and economic developments. It is therefore likely that the hybridity and variety of governance and finance of affordable housing will continue to grow. This article discusses innovative hybrid arrangements from Austria, England and Italy, in which governments, private and non-profit actors collaborate to increase the supply of affordable housing. These cases illustrate how the provision of affordable housing in a neoliberal context can benefit from the involvement of market actors and communities. Nevertheless, they also show that governments continue to play a crucial role in initiating and facilitating these arrangements.

ACS Style

Gerard Van Bortel; Vincent Gruis. Innovative Arrangements between Public and Private Actors in Affordable Housing Provision: Examples from Austria, England and Italy. Urban Science 2019, 3, 52 .

AMA Style

Gerard Van Bortel, Vincent Gruis. Innovative Arrangements between Public and Private Actors in Affordable Housing Provision: Examples from Austria, England and Italy. Urban Science. 2019; 3 (2):52.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gerard Van Bortel; Vincent Gruis. 2019. "Innovative Arrangements between Public and Private Actors in Affordable Housing Provision: Examples from Austria, England and Italy." Urban Science 3, no. 2: 52.

Journal article
Published: 13 March 2019 in Buildings
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In the context of social vulnerability, the house is an important social and economic resource to cope with poverty. However, low-income homeowners face constraints to maintain their houses, negatively affecting the quality of their dwellings, buildings and neighbourhoods. In the case of Chile, current studies have shown high levels of housing deterioration due to the lack of maintenance, but more knowledge is needed to understand the problems behind this poor management process. One important challenge is to consider an integral approach, beyond the technical dimension, that includes organisational and sociocultural inputs. Therefore, this paper presents the results of an exploratory study about the nature of the management problems in the context of Chilean low-income condominiums. The method considered semi-structured interviews with Chilean homeowners, researchers and professionals from the private sector, municipalities and central government. Main findings show the interdependencies between sociocultural, organisational and technical dimensions of the management problem; and the relevance of the sociocultural variables to perform technical maintenance activities. A better understanding of the nature and relationships among the management problems will provide better tools to improve current housing management models.

ACS Style

Luz María Vergara; Vincent Gruis; Kees Van Der Flier. Understanding Housing Management by Low-income Homeowners: Technical, Organisational and Sociocultural Challenges in Chilean Condominium Housing. Buildings 2019, 9, 65 .

AMA Style

Luz María Vergara, Vincent Gruis, Kees Van Der Flier. Understanding Housing Management by Low-income Homeowners: Technical, Organisational and Sociocultural Challenges in Chilean Condominium Housing. Buildings. 2019; 9 (3):65.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Luz María Vergara; Vincent Gruis; Kees Van Der Flier. 2019. "Understanding Housing Management by Low-income Homeowners: Technical, Organisational and Sociocultural Challenges in Chilean Condominium Housing." Buildings 9, no. 3: 65.

Journal article
Published: 21 July 2018 in Sustainability
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Increasing energy efficiency of the housing stock is one of the largest challenges in the built environment today. In line with the international Paris-Climate-Change-Conference 2015, Dutch municipalities and housing associations have embraced the ambition to achieve carbon neutrality for their social housing stock by 2050. However, most deep renovation designs for increasing the energy efficiency of dwellings focus on the relatively easy portion of the housing stock: postwar row housing. Furthermore, such design solutions are mostly produced without much care for architectural quality and cultural heritage, nor for testing for consumer preferences. Yet, such aspects are of major importance in tenement housing, particularly regarding the architectural quality of the huge numbers of walk-up apartment buildings from the inter- and postwar periods owned by housing associations in the larger cities. Renovation of buildings of this typology is more complex because of, among others, technical, social, and heritage factors. To support decisions in this complex context, a General Transformation Framework and a Roadmap has been developed for generating design solutions for deep renovation of representative parts of postwar walk-up apartment buildings with the aim to increase energy efficiency; retain its architectural legibility and cultural heritage value; and allow for the presentation of (end) users, with various options for adaptation to assess their preferences.

ACS Style

Leo Oorschot; Lidwine Spoormans; Sabira El Messlaki; Thaleia Konstantinou; Tim De Jonge; Clarine Van Oel; Thijs Asselbergs; Vincent Gruis; Wessel De Jonge. Flagships of the Dutch Welfare State in Transformation: A Transformation Framework for Balancing Sustainability and Cultural Values in Energy-Efficient Renovation of Postwar Walk-Up Apartment Buildings. Sustainability 2018, 10, 2562 .

AMA Style

Leo Oorschot, Lidwine Spoormans, Sabira El Messlaki, Thaleia Konstantinou, Tim De Jonge, Clarine Van Oel, Thijs Asselbergs, Vincent Gruis, Wessel De Jonge. Flagships of the Dutch Welfare State in Transformation: A Transformation Framework for Balancing Sustainability and Cultural Values in Energy-Efficient Renovation of Postwar Walk-Up Apartment Buildings. Sustainability. 2018; 10 (7):2562.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Leo Oorschot; Lidwine Spoormans; Sabira El Messlaki; Thaleia Konstantinou; Tim De Jonge; Clarine Van Oel; Thijs Asselbergs; Vincent Gruis; Wessel De Jonge. 2018. "Flagships of the Dutch Welfare State in Transformation: A Transformation Framework for Balancing Sustainability and Cultural Values in Energy-Efficient Renovation of Postwar Walk-Up Apartment Buildings." Sustainability 10, no. 7: 2562.

Article
Published: 22 July 2015 in Journal of Housing and the Built Environment
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After the abolishment of object subsidies for housing construction and renovation in the mid 1990s, Dutch housing associations, the main non-profit housing providers in the country, heavily relied on market activities, such as selling homes to owner occupiers, to generate income for their social activities and to contribute to urban development policies. This worked well, which was one of the main reasons that these housing providers could adopt a wide field of operations, including not only the management and development of affordable housing for low-income groups, but also housing in other market segments, plus activities regarding care, welfare, local economy, employment and education. Recent economic and political developments, however, have caused housing associations to return on this path. Central in this paper is a research among Dutch housing associations about their values, strategic positioning and strategies. The research was executed in two waves (conducted in 2010/2011 and in 2013/2014, respectively), each consisting of a panel survey and interviews with selected panellists. This paper presents the results of the second wave. It is expected that after the first wave of the research, new regulations, such as the national implementation of European rules on state support and the introduction of a new property tax, have resulted in a further retreat from non-social housing activities. The analysis shows that this is indeed the case, but that the main shifts in priorities have not taken place directly after the credit crunch, but in later years.

ACS Style

Nico Nieboer; Vincent Gruis. The continued retreat of non-profit housing providers in the Netherlands. Journal of Housing and the Built Environment 2015, 31, 277 -295.

AMA Style

Nico Nieboer, Vincent Gruis. The continued retreat of non-profit housing providers in the Netherlands. Journal of Housing and the Built Environment. 2015; 31 (2):277-295.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nico Nieboer; Vincent Gruis. 2015. "The continued retreat of non-profit housing providers in the Netherlands." Journal of Housing and the Built Environment 31, no. 2: 277-295.

Journal article
Published: 11 January 2013 in Journal of Housing and the Built Environment
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Since the financial liberalisation from the government in the late 1980s and the 1990s, Dutch housing associations have been very dynamic, embracing both commercial and social activities, becoming increasingly reliant and dependent on market circumstances and undergoing a large number of mergers. In recent years, the Dutch social housing sector has been under increased pressure due to the global financial crisis, increased levels of taxation and the national implementation of EU regulations on ‘Services of General Economic Interest’. It seems likely that factors like these have had an effect on the organisational strategies adopted by housing associations, but the nature and magnitude of these effects are not well known. This paper explores these effects through a survey among Dutch housing associations. The results of the survey were analysed using a social-commercial dimension and a ‘prospector’ – ‘defender’ dimension. Our analysis reveals that housing associations are focusing more on traditional social housing tasks and ‘defending’ strategies, implying some reversal of the developments that had occurred in recent decades.

ACS Style

Nico Nieboer; Vincent Gruis. Shifting back-changing organisational strategies in Dutch social housing. Journal of Housing and the Built Environment 2013, 29, 1 -13.

AMA Style

Nico Nieboer, Vincent Gruis. Shifting back-changing organisational strategies in Dutch social housing. Journal of Housing and the Built Environment. 2013; 29 (1):1-13.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nico Nieboer; Vincent Gruis. 2013. "Shifting back-changing organisational strategies in Dutch social housing." Journal of Housing and the Built Environment 29, no. 1: 1-13.

Book chapter
Published: 30 November 2009 in Management of Privatised Housing
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This chapter contains sections titled: Scope and aim of the book Developments and challenges in former communist countries Developments and challenges in Western Europe and Australia Approach of the book Notes References

ACS Style

Vincent Gruis; Sasha Tsenkova; Nico Nieboer. Introduction. Management of Privatised Housing 2009, 1 -18.

AMA Style

Vincent Gruis, Sasha Tsenkova, Nico Nieboer. Introduction. Management of Privatised Housing. 2009; ():1-18.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Vincent Gruis; Sasha Tsenkova; Nico Nieboer. 2009. "Introduction." Management of Privatised Housing , no. : 1-18.

Book chapter
Published: 30 November 2009 in Management of Privatised Housing
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ACS Style

Vincent Gruis; Nico Nieboer; Sasha Tsenkova. Conclusion. Management of Privatised Housing 2009, 257 -283.

AMA Style

Vincent Gruis, Nico Nieboer, Sasha Tsenkova. Conclusion. Management of Privatised Housing. 2009; ():257-283.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Vincent Gruis; Nico Nieboer; Sasha Tsenkova. 2009. "Conclusion." Management of Privatised Housing , no. : 257-283.

Journal article
Published: 21 November 2009 in Journal of Housing and the Built Environment
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This article analyzes the function, design, and effects of a method to assess the performance of housing associations in the Netherlands. First, the roles of performance assessment are discussed from three perspectives: the association as an agent for the central government; the association as a facilitator of local stakeholders’ needs; and the association as an autonomous social entrepreneur. From each of these stereotypical perspectives, we derive the approaches to and functions of performance assessment. The resulting theoretical archetypes of performance assessment are then employed to analyze the method that was in place in 2005 in the Netherlands. The performance assessment system is also analyzed using the director, detector, and effector elements drawn from cybernetic theory. Furthermore, the Dutch performance assessment method is briefly compared with the English inspection system. This provides a better understanding of the types of performance assessment. In light of the identified perspectives on housing associations, we conclude that the Dutch method performs poorly on the director and effector element and that the English method performs relatively well on all elements. Nevertheless, in both countries adjustments in the performance assessment system can increase learning and improve the performance of housing associations.

ACS Style

Arne Van Overmeeren; Vincent Gruis; Marietta Haffner. Performance assessment of housing associations. Journal of Housing and the Built Environment 2009, 25, 139 -151.

AMA Style

Arne Van Overmeeren, Vincent Gruis, Marietta Haffner. Performance assessment of housing associations. Journal of Housing and the Built Environment. 2009; 25 (1):139-151.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Arne Van Overmeeren; Vincent Gruis; Marietta Haffner. 2009. "Performance assessment of housing associations." Journal of Housing and the Built Environment 25, no. 1: 139-151.

Articles
Published: 15 February 2007 in European Journal of Housing Policy
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In the past ten to 20 years, governments in various countries have introduced or reinforced market principles in their housing systems. As a consequence, social landlords should have increased opportunities to adopt a more market-oriented approach towards the management of their housing stock. Nevertheless, in many countries governments still have a substantial influence on the social rented housing sector. In this paper we analyse the influence of statutory regulations on the management of the social rented housing stock in four European countries and in Australia, in order to assess to what extent these regulations help or impede the development of a market-oriented asset management. It is concluded that the social landlords in most of the countries studied have some autonomy which enables a more market-oriented asset management. Nevertheless, the assumption that giving greater freedom to market forces and reducing government influence and support lead to a more market-oriented asset management by itself does not hold for all countries.

ACS Style

Vincent Gruis; Nico Nieboer. Government Regulation and Market Orientation in the Management of Social Housing Assets: Limitations and Opportunities for European and Australian Landlords. European Journal of Housing Policy 2007, 7, 45 -62.

AMA Style

Vincent Gruis, Nico Nieboer. Government Regulation and Market Orientation in the Management of Social Housing Assets: Limitations and Opportunities for European and Australian Landlords. European Journal of Housing Policy. 2007; 7 (1):45-62.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Vincent Gruis; Nico Nieboer. 2007. "Government Regulation and Market Orientation in the Management of Social Housing Assets: Limitations and Opportunities for European and Australian Landlords." European Journal of Housing Policy 7, no. 1: 45-62.

Journal article
Published: 01 July 2004 in Property Management
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As a result of changes in housing policy in the 1980s and 1990s, social landlords in several European countries have to manage their stock in a more commercial way. They have to anticipate market developments and formulate a strategy for the development of their stock. This kind of asset management is referred to as “strategic housing management”. Being mainly a practitioners' business, and mostly of recent date, strategic housing management lacks a sound theoretical basis. Publications of “good” practice are scarce. This paper sets up a framework for strategic housing management of social landlords. The main question addressed is: “How can social landlords develop their asset management schemes in a strategic way?” From the theory on business planning and housing management, the paper defines strategic stock management and its characteristics. The paper uses Kotler's general model for strategic business planning and illustrates how this model can be applied to social landlords with various examples from The Netherlands and approaches from front‐runners among Dutch social landlords.

ACS Style

Vincent Gruis; Nico Nieboer. Strategic housing management. Property Management 2004, 22, 201 -213.

AMA Style

Vincent Gruis, Nico Nieboer. Strategic housing management. Property Management. 2004; 22 (3):201-213.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Vincent Gruis; Nico Nieboer. 2004. "Strategic housing management." Property Management 22, no. 3: 201-213.

Journal article
Published: 01 June 2004 in Urban Studies
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In England and the Netherlands, in response to changes in housing policy and the market, there is widespread enthusiasm for asset management in the social rented sector. A key issue in both countries is the development of a strategic approach towards the formulation of asset management plans. The paper examines this issue in relation to the current practice of housing associations in both countries. Drawing on case studies in England and the Netherlands, it is concluded that in both countries practice varies widely between housing associations. Some of the approaches adopted by front-runners can be seen as models for other associations yet to develop a strategic approach towards asset management. Lessons can also be learnt across national boundaries, though necessarily mediated by differences between the two housing systems.

ACS Style

Vincent Gruis; Nico Nieboer; Andrew Thomas. Strategic Asset Management in the Social Rented Sector: Approaches of Dutch and English Housing Associations. Urban Studies 2004, 41, 1229 -1248.

AMA Style

Vincent Gruis, Nico Nieboer, Andrew Thomas. Strategic Asset Management in the Social Rented Sector: Approaches of Dutch and English Housing Associations. Urban Studies. 2004; 41 (7):1229-1248.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Vincent Gruis; Nico Nieboer; Andrew Thomas. 2004. "Strategic Asset Management in the Social Rented Sector: Approaches of Dutch and English Housing Associations." Urban Studies 41, no. 7: 1229-1248.