This paper has assessed the relationship between recycling behavior and socio-demographic variables for households in Johannesburg, South Africa. The research also identified the underlying driving factors that motivate recyclers to separate their household waste for recycling. These objectives were addressed by means of a quantitative survey research design as well as descriptive and inferential statistical methods. Based on the results, the statements that represented attitudes, subjective norms, perceived control, moral norms, situational factors, outcomes, and consequences of recycling were highly agreed to by respondents. Three factors influencing household recycling behavior were identified, namely, recycling benefits, perceived control, and situational variables. The recycling benefits construct explained 45.6% of the variance, followed by the perceived control construct (12%) and the situational variables construct explained 11% of the variance. However, the results of the EFA and multiple regression identified the situational variable as the greatest single driver of household participation in recycling. It is therefore important to overcome situational barriers that the residents of Johannesburg are currently facing if the current household waste separating program is to become successful. This would require simplifying the process of household recycling by providing appropriate knowledge, infrastructure, and the space for waste sorting and its collection.

Large portions of rural South Africa can be considered to belong to the Third World. Tourism has been shown to often be the catalyst for the economic empowerment of such regions. Since 1993, there has been no tourism development in the former Qwa-Qwa homeland, therefore the purpose of this study is to investigate the lack and problems of tourism development in Qwa-Qwa, with emphasis on ecotourism in the Qwa-Qwa National Park (QNP). Although the QNP has all the necessary resources and features to provide specialised tourist facilities, the following were identified as the major factors affecting ecotourism development in the area: (1) the dispute over the legal tenureship of the land covered by the QNP; (2) the almost endless restructuring and re-organisation of departments and reporting structures in Agri-Eco and the Free State Provincial Government; (3) the inability of the Free State Provincial Government to provide clear policies and direction for ecotourism development in the QNP; and (4) the inefficiency in the manner in which the Free State Provincial Government conduct its funding operations. Unless the Provincial Department gets its house in order and starts making constructive decisions regarding the development in the Park, the future of ecotourism development is bleak. There is much at stake: the community in and around the Park cannot share in the benefits associated with ecotourism development, and in addition, South Africa stands to lose the use of one of its important sensitive catchment areas.

The rapid accumulation of e-waste is a growing concern, especially in the context of climate change and necessitates strategies for sustainable management. An often-overlooked strategy is to repair e-waste instead of dismantling and recycling it. The study evaluated training hosted for urban waste reclaimers in Gauteng, South Africa, to equip them with the correct knowledge, skills and tools to handle e-waste sustainably. The training hosted 20 reclaimers operating in Gauteng, and the Kirkpatrick Model was used to evaluate the effectiveness of the training, focusing on the reaction and learning components of the reclaimers. The reclaimers completed a questionnaire after their training. The results indicated that 25% of the reclaimers had experience repairing e-waste; however, only two had received training. The results for evaluating the trainers indicated that most participants were satisfied with the trainers as they strongly agreed that they were patient with them and facilitated their learning (75.0%) while also creating a safe and respectful environment (65.0%). The results of the waste reclaimers' before and after training self-evaluation showed that the trainees increased their knowledge and skills in repairing and refurbishing discarded small appliances.