The tourism comprehensive climate comfort index (TCCI) was used to evaluate the tourism climate comfort in Henan Province in the last 61 years, and its future development trend is predicted. The results showed that the temporal variation of the TCCI had a “double peak” type (monthly variation), and an overall comfort improvement trend (interannual variation). The change of tourism climate comfort days was similar to the change of the index, especially in the months with a low comfort level. In space, the distribution of the TCCI gradually increased from northeast to southwest, and the area with a high comfort level also increased over time. Meanwhile, it also showed the spatial distribution of months with a low comfort level, which provides reliable information for tourists to use when choosing tourist destinations across all periods of the year. The TCCI was classified by hierarchical classification, and principal components were extracted to explore the main climate factors controlling different types of TCCIs and the relationship between them, and large-scale atmospheric–oceanic variability. According to the temporal change trend and correlation, the long-term change trend of tourism climate comfort was predicted, which will provide a scientific basis for tourism planners to choose tourist destinations.

Tourism ecological security is an important basis for measuring the realization of the “double carbon” goal of regional tourism. Based on the drivers, pressures, state, impact and response model of intervention (DPSIR), an evaluation index system of tourism ecological security in the old revolutionary region of the Dabie Mountains is constructed. The entropy technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) method, spatial variation model, standard deviation ellipse model and gray dynamic model are used to explore the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of the tourism ecological security level in the old revolutionary region of the Dabie Mountains from 2001 to 2020, and to forecast its future spatial development pattern. The study shows that (1) the average value in tourism ecological security in that region is 0.3153. Moreover, the comprehensive index increased from 0.2296 in 2001 to 0.4302 in 2020, which shows a steady improvement. The security status has improved from insecure to critically secure; (2) the number of municipalities that are insecure or relatively insecure in the region is gradually decreasing, while the number of municipalities that are located within critically secure and relatively secure cities and towns in the region is gradually decreasing. Moreover, an increasing number of cities and towns are critically secure and safe, and the whole region is now in the critical transition period between an average to low level to an average to high level of tourism ecological security; (3) the degree of spatial variation in tourism ecological security is increasing, the features of spatial differentiation are more obvious, and the overall spatial pattern of “Hubei > Henan > Anhui” is presented. (4) The spatial distribution pattern for tourism ecological security is “southeast-northwest”, and the spatial distribution range has undergone the process of “convergence to diffusion”. (5) The spatial distribution pattern in tourism ecological security is “southeast-northwest”, and the spatial distribution range has undergone a process of “convergence to diffusion”. This shows expansion toward the southeast that reflects a certain spatial spillover effect and “convergence” toward the northwest, with no obvious spatial spillover effect.

Tourism eco-security evaluation is an effective tool for facilitating the coordinated and sustainable economic and environmental development of tourist destinations. Based on system theory, this study established a comprehensive evaluation index system for the DPSIR model, applying the entropy–TOPSIS method, spatial autocorrelation, spatial econometric model and geo-detector to investigate the spatial and temporal evolution and drivers of tourism eco-security of the Yellow River basin. The results showed that the tourism eco-security of the Yellow River basin steadily and significantly increased from 2003 to 2020, reaching a peak in 2019, while there was a low level of overall tourism eco-security and improvement possibility. The results show a spatial evolution pattern of expansion from provincial capital cities to nearby prefecture-level cities from the middle and lower reaches to the middle and upper reaches, with significant spatial clustering and spillover effects. Factors affecting the tourism eco-security of the Yellow River basin vary in and between regional basins. Because there are many influencing factors, the key factors were further identified by spatial effect decomposition. The results of this study have important theoretical and practical value in promoting the coordinated and sustainable development of the tourism economy and ecological environment in the Yellow River basin.

This paper evaluates the ecotourism suitability of Henan province based on the ecotourism suitability evaluation system. And our research clarifies the spatial distribution of the ecotourism suitability in Henan province, China, explores the internal relations between landscape pattern and ecotourism suitability, and provides a scientific basis for the future sustainable development of ecotourism in Henan from an ecological perspective. The results show the following: 1) the ecotourism suitability is obvious differences between the eastern and western regions in Henan, with the indexes of ecotourism suitability in the western and southern regions being higher than those in other regions. The ecotourism suitability shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing in Henan, with the highest value in 2007; 2) the Pearson correlation analysis shows that the key landscape pattern factors, including landscape patch area, shape, number, type, and spatial configuration, have an important impact on ecotourism suitability and show significant time differences.