Background: An increasingly common application is the use of silver nanoparticles for antimicrobial coatings, wound dressings, and biomedical devices. In this present investigation, we report, biomedical potential of silver nanopaticles synthesized from calli extract of Citrullus colocynthis on Human epidermoid larynx carcinoma (HEp -2) cell line. Methods: The callus extract react with silver nitrate solution confirmed silver nanoparticles synthesis through the steady change of greenish colour to reddish brown and characterized by using FT-IR, AFM. Toxicity on HEp 2 cell line assessed using MTT assay, caspase -3 assay, Lactate dehydrogenase leakage assay and DNA fragmentation assay. Results: The synthesized silver nanoparticles were generally found to be spherical in shape with size 31 nm by AFM. The molar concentration of the silver nanoparticles solution in our present study is 1100 nM/10 mL. The results exhibit that silver nanoparticles mediate a dose-dependent toxicity for the cell tested, and the silver nanoparticles at 500 nM decreased the viability of HEp 2 cells to 50% of the initial level. LDH activities found to be significantly elevated after 48 h of exposure in the medium containing silver nanoparticles when compared to the control and Caspase 3 activation suggested that silver nanoparticles caused cell death through apoptosis, which was further supported by cellular DNA fragmentation, showed that the silver nanoparticles treated HEp2 cells exhibited extensive double strand breaks, thereby yielding a ladder appearance (Lane 2), while the DNA of control HEp2 cells supplemented with 10% serum exhibited minimum breakage (Lane 1). This study revealed completely would eliminate the use of expensive drug for cancer treatment.

Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is one of the highest death-causing cancer types, especially in economically advanced countries, while Barrett’s esophagus (BE) is reported to be a precursor that immensely increases the risk of EAC. Due to the complexity of these diseases, their molecular mechanisms are not revealed clearly. This study aims to explore the shared gene signatures between BE and EAC based on integrated network analysis. We obtained EAC- and BE-associated microarray datasets GSE26886, GSE1420, GSE37200, and GSE37203 using systematic meta-analysis from Gene expression omnibus (GEO) and Array express. These data are accompanied by clinical data and RNAseq data from TCGA. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis were conducted to explore the relationship between gene sets and clinical traits, and to discover the key relationships hidden under the co-expression modules. Differentially expressed genes-based protein–protein interaction (PIP) complex was used to deeply extract hub genes through Cytoscape plugins. The results demonstrated that 403 DEGs were excavated, including 236 upregulated and 167 downregulated genes, which are enriched in the cell cycle and replication pathways. There are 40 key genes identified using modules of MCODE, CytoHubba, and CytoNCA with different algorithms. A dark gray module with 207 genes was identified through high correlation with phenotype (gender) from the weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Finally, five shared hub gene signatures (SHGS), namely, pre-mRNA processing factor 4 (PRPF4), serine and arginine-rich splicing factor 1 (SRSF1), heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein M (HNRNPM), DExH-Box Helicase 9 (DHX9), and origin recognition complex subunit 2 (ORC2) were identified between BE and EAC. SHGS enrichment denotes that RNA metabolism and splicosomes play a key role in esophageal cancer development and progress. We conclude that the PPI network complex and WGCNA co-expression network highlight the importance of phenotypic variants on BE and EAC biomarkers for prognosis and treatment.

Aurora kinase (AURK) is a normal cell proliferation-inducing enzyme encoded by AURK gene in humans. It belongs to the family of serine/threonine kinase. Based on its function, AURK is divided into ...