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Safety is a key performance indicator for the sustainable management of a coastal ferry service business. An efficiency strategy that balances safety and transport performance should be considered. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relative transport efficiency of coastal ferry operators through undesirable safety-related output. Coastal ferry operators create added value through logistics activities such as cargo and passenger transport. Accordingly, this study designed a three-stage network-slacks-based measure (SBM) model that delineated production through ferry transport services such as service generation, service execution, and transport value creation. Detention records and marine accidents caused by human errors or technical faults were considered undesirable safety-related outputs. Moreover, the relative transport efficiency of 23 Korean firms that have continuously managed a coastal ferry transport business from 2015 to 2018 was analyzed. The results showed that the differentiation of transport efficiency of firms improved when applying the three-stage network SBM model compared to applying the SBM model that did not consider the internal production stage. This fact suggests that it is more desirable to apply the three-stage network SBM model proposed in this study when a more stringent comparison of transport performance is needed in terms of service quality.
Joohwan Kim; Hwayoung Kim. Evaluation of the Efficiency of Maritime Transport Using a Network Slacks-Based Measure (SBM) Approach: A Case Study on the Korean Coastal Ferry Market. Sustainability 2021, 13, 6094 .
AMA StyleJoohwan Kim, Hwayoung Kim. Evaluation of the Efficiency of Maritime Transport Using a Network Slacks-Based Measure (SBM) Approach: A Case Study on the Korean Coastal Ferry Market. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (11):6094.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJoohwan Kim; Hwayoung Kim. 2021. "Evaluation of the Efficiency of Maritime Transport Using a Network Slacks-Based Measure (SBM) Approach: A Case Study on the Korean Coastal Ferry Market." Sustainability 13, no. 11: 6094.
With its long coastline, and numerous inlets and offshore islands, coastal ferry industries play a vital role in Korean maritime transportation. This study focuses on the southwestern part of Korea, Mokpo (which has the most inhabited islands and the highest proportion of elderly island residents), and aims to evaluate the impact of passengers’ mobility burdens on the efficiency of ferry routes to achieve a better service for passengers. Integrated principal component analysis–data envelopment analysis and a fuzzy C-means clustering method were applied to analyze the efficiency of ferry routes in the Mokpo area. The efficiency results indicate that longer routes do not always achieve high-efficiency scores. The proportion of general passengers appears to influence the efficiency improvements of both general and subsidiary ferry routes. These findings can assist in better comprehending the relationship between passengers’ mobility burdens and ferry route efficiencies; this will enable the authorities and ferry management departments to develop appropriate policies and strategies and to reconstruct certain features of the inefficient routes, thereby increasing operational efficiency, reducing mobility burdens, and improving the convenience of ferry travel and sustainability of Korean passenger routes.
Thi Pham; Gunwoo Lee; Hwayoung Kim. Toward Sustainable Ferry Routes in Korea: Analysis of Operational Efficiency Considering Passenger Mobility Burdens. Sustainability 2020, 12, 8819 .
AMA StyleThi Pham, Gunwoo Lee, Hwayoung Kim. Toward Sustainable Ferry Routes in Korea: Analysis of Operational Efficiency Considering Passenger Mobility Burdens. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (21):8819.
Chicago/Turabian StyleThi Pham; Gunwoo Lee; Hwayoung Kim. 2020. "Toward Sustainable Ferry Routes in Korea: Analysis of Operational Efficiency Considering Passenger Mobility Burdens." Sustainability 12, no. 21: 8819.
The shortage of seafarers continues in the global shipping market. In particular, the retention of skilled officers has not been maintained. One of the reasons why the number of officers working on merchant ships is because of the working conditions onboard the ship. For instance, there are work-life balance, contractual employment, high workload and stress levels, insufficient shore leave, and career progression, and so on. Therefore, some public system is required for the seafarers to prepare for a stable life after they leave a ship while working on the ship to relieve anxiety. Among the many ways, the seafarer's retirement pension system is a practical and effective way to ensure a stable life for seafarers. The retirement pension system can be applied differently depending on the characteristics of the employees and companies that are subscribers, and their effects can also be different. So, in this study, we are intended to analyze what type of retirement pension seafarers prefer in Korea. Retirement pension is generally classified into defined benefit (DB), defined contribution (DC) and individual retirement pension (IRP). To survey the seafarers’ preference on retirement pension by type, six hypotheses were established using company variables and seafarer variables. Company variables include the type of business and the number of seafarers employed by shipping company while seafarer variables include the service term, age, type of duty (ship's officer, sailor), and annual wage of the seafarer. To verify the established hypotheses, the survey of the seafarers who are currently employed by the shipping company was carried out. A cross-tabulation analysis among the statistical analysis approaches was performed and the chi-squared statistic was calculated to validate the hypotheses. Consequently, the preference varied depending on the service term and age of the seafarers. That is, the shorter the service term and the younger, individual retirement pension which allows personal asset management was preferred while those who have longer service term and older-age tended to prefer defined benefit. The outcome of this study is expected to be useful for the shipping company to design the retirement pension system for seafarers. Ultimately, the introduction of a seafarer retirement pension system will contribute to the influx of skilled crews, the competitiveness of the shipping company, and reduced marine accidents.
Chong Jin Choe; Gunwoo Lee; Hwayoung Kim. Analysis of the preference on type of retirement pension for the seafarers in Korea. The Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics 2020, 37, 37 -44.
AMA StyleChong Jin Choe, Gunwoo Lee, Hwayoung Kim. Analysis of the preference on type of retirement pension for the seafarers in Korea. The Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics. 2020; 37 (1):37-44.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChong Jin Choe; Gunwoo Lee; Hwayoung Kim. 2020. "Analysis of the preference on type of retirement pension for the seafarers in Korea." The Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics 37, no. 1: 37-44.
In the maritime transportation services industry, marine accidents may lead to fatalities, injuries, and property losses. Coastal ferry operators experience marine accidents and must pay attention to safety to guarantee the sustainability of their business. This study is aimed at analyzing the operational efficiency of coastal ferry operators in Korea from a safety perspective. We designed two slack-based measure of efficiency (SBM) models. One is a normal SBM, which includes only the total passenger volume as the desirable output. The other is a safety-constrained SBM, which includes marine accident records as an undesirable output with the desirable output of passenger transportation performance. We selected 44 coastal ferry operators in Korea that have been continuously operating for five years (2013–2017) as decision-making units (DMUs) and compared their operational efficiency scores. The results showed that the impact of marine accidents on business is greater in DMUs with lower transportation sales than in those with higher sales. This suggests that, while it is important for the government to strengthen safety regulations, a combination of policies that also help small ferry operators to stay in business in the long term is necessary to reduce marine accidents effectively while improving efficiency.
Joohwan Kim; Gunwoo Lee; Hwayoung Kim. Analysis of Operational Efficiency Considering Safety Factors as an Undesirable Output for Coastal Ferry Operators in Korea. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 2020, 8, 367 .
AMA StyleJoohwan Kim, Gunwoo Lee, Hwayoung Kim. Analysis of Operational Efficiency Considering Safety Factors as an Undesirable Output for Coastal Ferry Operators in Korea. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering. 2020; 8 (5):367.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJoohwan Kim; Gunwoo Lee; Hwayoung Kim. 2020. "Analysis of Operational Efficiency Considering Safety Factors as an Undesirable Output for Coastal Ferry Operators in Korea." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, no. 5: 367.
Min-Gu Kang; Hwayoung Kim. Empirical Analysis for Improvement of Safety Management of Coastal Passenger Ship. Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment and Safety 2019, 25, 511 -518.
AMA StyleMin-Gu Kang, Hwayoung Kim. Empirical Analysis for Improvement of Safety Management of Coastal Passenger Ship. Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment and Safety. 2019; 25 (5):511-518.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMin-Gu Kang; Hwayoung Kim. 2019. "Empirical Analysis for Improvement of Safety Management of Coastal Passenger Ship." Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment and Safety 25, no. 5: 511-518.
Joo Hwan Kim; Chong Jin Choe; Hwa Young Kim. Analysis of Safety Management Efficiency by Coastal Passenger Ship Companies : Development of Safety Management Evaluation Standards. Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment and Safety 2017, 23, 646 -651.
AMA StyleJoo Hwan Kim, Chong Jin Choe, Hwa Young Kim. Analysis of Safety Management Efficiency by Coastal Passenger Ship Companies : Development of Safety Management Evaluation Standards. Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment and Safety. 2017; 23 (6):646-651.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJoo Hwan Kim; Chong Jin Choe; Hwa Young Kim. 2017. "Analysis of Safety Management Efficiency by Coastal Passenger Ship Companies : Development of Safety Management Evaluation Standards." Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment and Safety 23, no. 6: 646-651.
Joo Hwan Kim; Min Chul Jo; Yong Nam Kim; Choong Jung Choi; Hwa Young Kim. A Study on Harmonized Hand Signal Standards for Shipboard Work Safety (1): A Validity Analysis of Ship Hand Signal Standardization. Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment and Safety 2017, 23, 47 -55.
AMA StyleJoo Hwan Kim, Min Chul Jo, Yong Nam Kim, Choong Jung Choi, Hwa Young Kim. A Study on Harmonized Hand Signal Standards for Shipboard Work Safety (1): A Validity Analysis of Ship Hand Signal Standardization. Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment and Safety. 2017; 23 (1):47-55.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJoo Hwan Kim; Min Chul Jo; Yong Nam Kim; Choong Jung Choi; Hwa Young Kim. 2017. "A Study on Harmonized Hand Signal Standards for Shipboard Work Safety (1): A Validity Analysis of Ship Hand Signal Standardization." Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment and Safety 23, no. 1: 47-55.
Joo Hwan Kim; Hwa Young Kim. A Study on the Development of Evaluation Index for Safety Management Level of Shipping Company(2) : Development of Evaluation Items for Safety Management Index. Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment and Safety 2015, 21, 696 -703.
AMA StyleJoo Hwan Kim, Hwa Young Kim. A Study on the Development of Evaluation Index for Safety Management Level of Shipping Company(2) : Development of Evaluation Items for Safety Management Index. Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment and Safety. 2015; 21 (6):696-703.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJoo Hwan Kim; Hwa Young Kim. 2015. "A Study on the Development of Evaluation Index for Safety Management Level of Shipping Company(2) : Development of Evaluation Items for Safety Management Index." Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment and Safety 21, no. 6: 696-703.