This paper presents a methodology for building an integrated circuit behavioral model that enables the prediction of its electromagnetic (EM) emissions up to several gigahertz. The model, built upon S-parameter characterization and conducted emission measurements, is used to predict the EM emissions of a commercial 16-bit microcontroller. The emission measurements are performed according to several EM compatibility standards, namely, 1 Omega /150 Omega , surface scan, and transverse EM/gigahertz transverse EM (GTEM) method, and their results show an excellent fit with model predictions.

The transverse-operator method has been applied to analyze the behavior of an open-ended rectangular waveguide as a radiating element. The method offers the advantage of simple and systematic formulation of the problem, particularly in the case of discontinuities, whether they are radiating (in dielectric waveguides, microstrips, etc.) or in shielded structures (ridged waveguides, partially filled waveguides, etc.). The numerical results concerning the admittance and power patterns of a waveguide aperture surrounded by an infinite conducting flange are compared to those available in the literature, and a good agreement is observed.

Two different approaches to realizing nonlinear transmission lines (NLTLs) are investigated in detail. In the first approach, the nonlinearity is continuously distributed along the line; in the second, the line is periodically loaded (PL) with discrete nonlinear elements. Measured heterostructure-barrier varactor (HBV) characteristics are used as the nonlinearities in both pulse-compression and harmonic-generation (20-60-GHz tripler) simulations. We point out that the choice of simulation step size is critical in the case of fully distributed (FD) NLTLs, and should be made sufficiently small that no numerical Bragg cutoff frequency appears. For the frequency tripler considered in this paper, simulations show that with PL (PL) NLTLs, 21% efficiency at 210-mW output power and 30% bandwidth can be obtained, whereas only 4.8% efficiency is possible using FD NLTLs. For pulse compression, we find that when properly matched, the FD NLTLs can deliver pulses that are five times sharper than can be obtained with the PL NLTLs. Measured results for an HBV-based PL NLTL frequency multiplier are reported that agree with our simulations, in particular, the 30% bandwidth. The confirmation of the role of the Bragg cutoff frequency in preventing the generation and propagation of undesired harmonics (this improving the conversion efficiency) is obtained from experimental results carried out from hybrid Schottky diodes NLTL measurements.

A 2450-MHz microwave-induced room-temperature atmospheric-pressure plasma jet (RTAPPJ) based on a coaxial structure is proposed for applications of plasma biomedicine. This device is a simple structure with small size, low-power requirement and high controllability. It can induce an argon discharge at atmospheric pressure with as low as 15-W microwave power. The optical emission spectrum of the RTAPPJ shows various highly reactive radicals such as OH and O. The appropriate operation condition can reduce the temperature at the downstream of the flame to be around 30 °C. This portable device is designed to be suitable to manipulate different medical treatments.