This study investigates the geochemical characteristics and hydrocarbon generation potential of the Chia Gara Formation (Tithonian–Berriasian) in the Northwestern (NW) Zagros Basin, Iraq. A comprehensive analysis of forty–seven extract samples and seven crude oil samples was conducted to evaluate the formation’s petroleum potential. The total organic carbon (TOC) content of the analyzed samples ranged from 0.68% to 3.95%, indicating fair to excellent source rock quality. Rock–Eval parameters revealed thermal maturity, suggesting an environment favorable for both oil and gas generation.