A detailed operando DRIFTS study on the CO₂ Fischer‐Tropsch reaction with K‐promoted Fe/YZrO_x catalysts was performed to investigate the influence of this modification on the catalytic performance in the formation of lower olefins as well as higher hydrocarbons and to gain insights into mechanistic aspects. Catalytic testing revealed an enhanced formation of olefins and hydrocarbons by adding potassium to the catalysts, while spectroscopic studies revealed various stable adsorbates and intermediates such as monodentate carbonates, bicarbonates, formates, formyl, and methoxy on the surface of the K‐promoted Fe/YZrO_x catalysts compared to the unpromoted one. Based on gas‐feed switching experiments and statistical analysis of literature IR data regarding Fe‐containing catalysts, it was found that carbonate species interacting with H₂ are transformed to higher hydrocarbons and methane via formate and formyl formation, while bicarbonate species are decomposed accompanied by the formation of CO, which then further reacts to form formate or formyl and finally hydrocarbons.

CuFe-containing catalysts with different copper oxide content were prepared by fusion of metal salts. The obtained catalyst showed high activity in the hydrogenation of furfural to furfuryl alcohol (FA) in the batch reactor in the presence of isopropanol as a solvent at a temperature of 100 °C and a hydrogen pressure of 6.0 MPa. The yield of FA and furfural conversion are 97% and 98%, respectively. In the solvent-free reaction in the flow-type reactor; the most active catalyst Cu₂₀Fe₆₆Al₁₄ leads to the 96% formation of FA with 100% conversion of furfural at liquid hourly space velocity (LHSV) = 1 h⁻¹; 160 °C and a hydrogen pressure of 5.0 MPa during 30 h. According to the X-ray diffraction (XRD) method, the active component of the spent and fresh Cu₂₀Fe₆₆Al₁₄ catalyst is the same and is represented by metallic copper and Fe₃O₄-type spinel. Using different methods, the formation of active sites was investigated.