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This research analyses the effects of mindfulness meditation (MM) and physical exercise (PE), practised as daily recovery activities during lunch breaks, on perceived stress, general mental health, and immunoglobin A (IgA). A three-armed randomized controlled trial with 94 employees was conducted for five weeks including two follow-up sessions after one and six months. Daily practice lasted 30 min maximum. Perceived stress and general mental health questionnaires and saliva samples were used. There were significant differences in time factor comparing pre- and post-test of Perceived Stress Questionnaire (PSQ) both for PE [Mdiff = 0.10, SE = 0.03, p = 0.03], and for MM [Mdiff = 0.09, SE = 0.03, p = 0.03]. Moreover, there were significant differences of interaction factor when comparing MM vs. PE in total score at pre-post [F = −2.62 (6, 168.84), p = 0.02, ω2 = 0.09], favoring PE with medium and high effect sizes. Regarding General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) variable, practicing MM showed significant effects in time factor compared to pre-Fup2. No significant differences were found for IgA. Thus, practicing both MM and PE as recovery strategies during lunch breaks could reduce perceived stress after five weeks of practice, with better results for PE. Moreover, practicing MM could improve mental health with effects for 6 months.
Cintia Díaz-Silveira; Carlos-María Alcover; Francisco Burgos; Alberto Marcos; Miguel A. Santed. Mindfulness versus Physical Exercise: Effects of Two Recovery Strategies on Mental Health, Stress and Immunoglobulin A during Lunch Breaks. A Randomized Controlled Trial. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 2839 .
AMA StyleCintia Díaz-Silveira, Carlos-María Alcover, Francisco Burgos, Alberto Marcos, Miguel A. Santed. Mindfulness versus Physical Exercise: Effects of Two Recovery Strategies on Mental Health, Stress and Immunoglobulin A during Lunch Breaks. A Randomized Controlled Trial. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (8):2839.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCintia Díaz-Silveira; Carlos-María Alcover; Francisco Burgos; Alberto Marcos; Miguel A. Santed. 2020. "Mindfulness versus Physical Exercise: Effects of Two Recovery Strategies on Mental Health, Stress and Immunoglobulin A during Lunch Breaks. A Randomized Controlled Trial." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 8: 2839.
Under paradigms of combined intravenous cocaine and ethanol self-administration, the effects on behavior have been poorly explored. Numerous studies have found sex differences in amino acids profile and behavioral responses to each drug, yet few have focused on the interactions between cocaine and ethanol. The main objective of this work was to explore the acquisition and maintenance of intravenous self-administration behavior with a combination of cocaine and ethanol in male and female young adult rats. Likewise, the amino acids profile in blood plasma was quantified 48 hours after the last self-administration session. Male and female 52 days old Wistar rats were randomly assigned to one of 3 groups: i) saline control, ii) cocaine (1 mg/kg bodyweight/injection) and iii) cocaine and ethanol (1 mg + 133 mg/kg bodyweight/ injection). After 24 self-administration sessions carried out on a fixed-ratio-1 schedule, with a limit of 15 doses per session, 14 plasma amino acids were quantified by mean Capillary Electrophoresis technique. The curve of cocaine and ethanol combined self-administration was similar to that associated with cocaine administration alone, with females acquiring self-administration criterion before males. The self-administration of cocaine and ethanol altered the plasma concentration and relative ratios of the amino acid L-Tyrosine. In our intravenous self-administration model, females appeared more vulnerable to acquire abusive consumption of the cocaine and ethanol combination, which altered plasma L-Tyrosine levels.
Alberto Marcos; Mario Moreno; Javier Orihuel; Marcos Ucha; Ana Mª De Paz; Alejandro Higuera-Matas; Roberto Capellán; Antonio L. Crego; María-Rosa Martínez-Larrañaga; Emilio Ambrosio; Arturo Anadón. The effects of combined intravenous cocaine and ethanol self-administration on the behavioral and amino acid profile of young adult rats. PLOS ONE 2020, 15, e0227044 .
AMA StyleAlberto Marcos, Mario Moreno, Javier Orihuel, Marcos Ucha, Ana Mª De Paz, Alejandro Higuera-Matas, Roberto Capellán, Antonio L. Crego, María-Rosa Martínez-Larrañaga, Emilio Ambrosio, Arturo Anadón. The effects of combined intravenous cocaine and ethanol self-administration on the behavioral and amino acid profile of young adult rats. PLOS ONE. 2020; 15 (3):e0227044.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlberto Marcos; Mario Moreno; Javier Orihuel; Marcos Ucha; Ana Mª De Paz; Alejandro Higuera-Matas; Roberto Capellán; Antonio L. Crego; María-Rosa Martínez-Larrañaga; Emilio Ambrosio; Arturo Anadón. 2020. "The effects of combined intravenous cocaine and ethanol self-administration on the behavioral and amino acid profile of young adult rats." PLOS ONE 15, no. 3: e0227044.
Relapse into drug use is a major problem faced by recovering addicts. In humans, an intensification of the desire for the drug induced by environmental cues—incubation of drug craving—has been observed. In rodents, this phenomenon has been modeled by studying drug seeking under extinction after different times of drug withdrawal (or using a natural reinforcer). Although much progress has been made, an integrated approach simultaneously studying different drug classes and natural reward and examining different brain regions is lacking. Lewis rats were used to study the effects of cocaine, heroin, and sucrose seeking incubation on six key brain regions: the nucleus accumbens shell/core, central/basolateral amygdala, and dorsomedial/ventromedial prefrontal cortex. We analyzed PSD95 and gephyrin protein levels, gene expression of glutamatergic, GABAergic and endocannabinoid elements, and amino acid transmitter levels. The relationships between the areas studied were examined by Structural Equation Modelling. Pathways from medial prefrontal cortex and basolateral complex of the amygdala to central nucleus of the amygdala, but not to the nucleus accumbens, were identified as common elements involved in the incubation phenomenon for different substances. These results suggest a key role for the central nucleus of amygdala and its cortical and amygdalar afferences in the incubation phenomenon, and we suggest that by virtue of its regulatory effects on glutamatergic and GABAergic dynamics within amygdalar circuits, the endocannabinoid system might be a potential target to develop medications that are effective in the context of relapse.
David Roura-Martínez; Marcos Ucha; Javier Orihuel; Inmaculada Ballesteros-Yáñez; Carlos Alberto Castillo; Alberto Marcos; Emilio Ambrosio; Alejandro Higuera-Matas. Central nucleus of the amygdala as a common substrate of the incubation of drug and natural reinforcer seeking. Addiction Biology 2019, 25, e12706 .
AMA StyleDavid Roura-Martínez, Marcos Ucha, Javier Orihuel, Inmaculada Ballesteros-Yáñez, Carlos Alberto Castillo, Alberto Marcos, Emilio Ambrosio, Alejandro Higuera-Matas. Central nucleus of the amygdala as a common substrate of the incubation of drug and natural reinforcer seeking. Addiction Biology. 2019; 25 (2):e12706.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDavid Roura-Martínez; Marcos Ucha; Javier Orihuel; Inmaculada Ballesteros-Yáñez; Carlos Alberto Castillo; Alberto Marcos; Emilio Ambrosio; Alejandro Higuera-Matas. 2019. "Central nucleus of the amygdala as a common substrate of the incubation of drug and natural reinforcer seeking." Addiction Biology 25, no. 2: e12706.
Animal behavioral tests are essential to understand the bases of neurologic and psychological disorders, which can be evaluated by different methodological and experimental models. However, the quantification of behavioral tests results is limited by the considerable amount of time needed for manual evaluation and the high costs of automated analysis software. To overcome these limitations, we describe here a new, open source toolbox for ImageJ, called Mouse Behavioral Analysis Toolbox (MouBeAT), designed to analyze different behavioral tests in rodents semi-automatically. These tests include Open Field (OF), Elevated Plus Maze (EPM), Y-maze (YM) test and Morris Water Maze (MWM). MouBeAT showed a high correlation with manual evaluation in all the parameters analyzed for all the behavioral tests, reinforcing its value as an accurate analysis tool. This new tool is freely available online.
Elísabet Bello-Arroyo; Hélio Roque; Alberto Marcos; Javier Orihuel; Alejandro Higuera-Matas; Manuel Desco; Valeria R. Caiolfa; Emilio Ambrosio; Enrique Lara-Pezzi; María Victoria Gómez-Gaviro. MouBeAT: A New and Open Toolbox for Guided Analysis of Behavioral Tests in Mice. Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience 2018, 12, 201 .
AMA StyleElísabet Bello-Arroyo, Hélio Roque, Alberto Marcos, Javier Orihuel, Alejandro Higuera-Matas, Manuel Desco, Valeria R. Caiolfa, Emilio Ambrosio, Enrique Lara-Pezzi, María Victoria Gómez-Gaviro. MouBeAT: A New and Open Toolbox for Guided Analysis of Behavioral Tests in Mice. Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience. 2018; 12 ():201.
Chicago/Turabian StyleElísabet Bello-Arroyo; Hélio Roque; Alberto Marcos; Javier Orihuel; Alejandro Higuera-Matas; Manuel Desco; Valeria R. Caiolfa; Emilio Ambrosio; Enrique Lara-Pezzi; María Victoria Gómez-Gaviro. 2018. "MouBeAT: A New and Open Toolbox for Guided Analysis of Behavioral Tests in Mice." Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience 12, no. : 201.
Alcohol is the most widely consumed legal drug, whereas cocaine is the illicit psychostimulant most commonly used in Europe. The combined use of alcohol and cocaine is frequent among drug-abuse consumers and leads to further exacerbation of health consequences compared to individual consumption. The pharmacokinetic and metabolic interactions leading to an increase in their combined toxicity still remains poorly understood. Here, the first metabolomics study of combined cocaine and ethanol chronic exposure effects is reported. A Liquid Chromatography strategy based on sample derivatization with 9-fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl chloride and using a C18 column coupled to high resolution Mass Spectrometry (time of flight analyzer) was employed to analyze plasma from rats exposed intravenously to these drugs in a 52-min analysis. Using a combination of non-supervised and supervised multivariate analysis the metabolic differences between our experimental groups were explored and unraveled. A comparative analysis of the individual models and their variable importance in the projection values have shown that every experiment intervention includes a subset of specific metabolites. Eleven of these metabolites were annotated, where eight were unequivocally identified using standards and three were tentatively identified by matching the MS/MS spectra to libraries. The results demonstrated that the affected metabolic pathways were mainly those related to the metabolism of different amino acids.
Elena Sánchez-López; Alberto Marcos; Emilio Ambrosio; Oleg Mayboroda; María Luisa Marina; Antonio L. Crego. Investigation on the combined effect of cocaine and ethanol administration through a liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry metabolomics approach. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 2017, 140, 313 -321.
AMA StyleElena Sánchez-López, Alberto Marcos, Emilio Ambrosio, Oleg Mayboroda, María Luisa Marina, Antonio L. Crego. Investigation on the combined effect of cocaine and ethanol administration through a liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry metabolomics approach. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis. 2017; 140 ():313-321.
Chicago/Turabian StyleElena Sánchez-López; Alberto Marcos; Emilio Ambrosio; Oleg Mayboroda; María Luisa Marina; Antonio L. Crego. 2017. "Investigation on the combined effect of cocaine and ethanol administration through a liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry metabolomics approach." Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 140, no. : 313-321.
Catecholamines dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine are well-known neurotransmitters playing different roles in the nervous and endocrine system. These compounds are biologically synthesized in the phenylalanine-tyrosine pathway which consists on the successive conversion of l-phenylalanine into l-tyrosine, l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA), dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine. This work describes the development of an enantioselective CE-ESI-MS methodology enabling, for the first time, the simultaneous enantioseparation of all the constituents involved in the Phe-Tyr metabolic pathway, since all these compounds except dopamine are chiral. The developed method was based on the use of a dual CDs system formed by 180mM of methyl-β-CD and 40mM of 2-hydroxypropyl-β-CD dissolved in 2M formic acid (pH 1.2) and presented the advantage of avoiding the use of any time-consuming labelling procedure. LODs ranged from 40 to 150nM and the unequivocal identification of the compounds investigated was achieved through their MS spectra. The applicability of this methodology to the analysis of biological samples (rat plasma) was also demonstrated.
Elena Sánchez-López; Alberto Marcos; Emilio Ambrosio; María Luisa Marina; Antonio L. Crego. Enantioseparation of the constituents involved in the phenylalanine-tyrosine metabolic pathway by capillary electrophoresis tandem mass spectrometry. Journal of Chromatography A 2016, 1467, 372 -382.
AMA StyleElena Sánchez-López, Alberto Marcos, Emilio Ambrosio, María Luisa Marina, Antonio L. Crego. Enantioseparation of the constituents involved in the phenylalanine-tyrosine metabolic pathway by capillary electrophoresis tandem mass spectrometry. Journal of Chromatography A. 2016; 1467 ():372-382.
Chicago/Turabian StyleElena Sánchez-López; Alberto Marcos; Emilio Ambrosio; María Luisa Marina; Antonio L. Crego. 2016. "Enantioseparation of the constituents involved in the phenylalanine-tyrosine metabolic pathway by capillary electrophoresis tandem mass spectrometry." Journal of Chromatography A 1467, no. : 372-382.