The overview is focused on methods for the processing of kinetic curves (with and without models). The paper demonstrates that the kinetics of thermochemical conversion of solid fuels can be described by a great number of kinetic processing methods, which lead to inconsistent estimates of kinetic coefficients. They give a rather simple approximation of experimental thermogravimetric curves. However, the kinetic triplet to be determined (activation energy, order of reaction, and preexponential factor) depends on the conditions of thermoanalytical studies and (to a greater extent) on the reactivity of the test fuels.

It is well known that the widespread utilization of fossil fuels contributes to climate change, so exploring new sustainable energy sources is more important than ever for energy transition pathways. The variability and intermittency of solar and wind sources are of concern. Hydrogen (H₂) utilization as an energy carrier can address this issue. The technology for producing hydrogen from biomass gasification has not yet reached a high level of technological maturity. The main novelty of this work is to evaluate the state of the art of the technologies for producing H₂ from solid biomass, taking into account technological, economic, and environmental indicators and the results of a bibliometric study, and also the calculation of the technical potential for hydrogen production through biomass gasification on a worldwide and Brazilian scale. The most frequently mentioned technology to boost H₂ production efficiency is the addition of catalysts to the gasifier. Primary catalyst utilized in biomass gasification for hydrogen enhancing enhancement, such as olivine, CaO, and CeO₂-Ni-CaO are reviewed in the article. As a result, the syngas had an H₂ content rise of 511%, 659.6%, and 853.4%, respectively. According to the reviewed literature, the levelized cost of hydrogen production can reach an average value of USD3.15/kg of H₂, and the average yield is 0.1 kg-H₂/kg-biomass. The worldwide potential for hydrogen production from solid biomass in an optimal trends scenario for 2050 is estimated to be 45.03 EJ, and Brazil’s potential is 6.5 EJ.

The importance of efficient utilization of biomass as renewable energy in terms of global warming and resource shortages are well known and documented. Biomass gasification is a promising power technology especially for decentralized energy systems. Decisive progress has been made in the gasification technologies development during the last decade. This paper deals with the control and optimization problems for an isolated microgrid combining the renewable energy sources (solar energy and biomass gasification) with a diesel power plant. The control problem of an isolated microgrid is formulated as a Markov decision process and we studied how reinforcement learning can be employed to address this problem to minimize the total system cost. The most economic microgrid configuration was found, and it uses biomass gasification units with an internal combustion engine operating both in single-fuel mode (producer gas) and in dual-fuel mode (diesel fuel and producer gas).