High amounts of industrial wastewater are generated by the ever-growing demand and production of paint and coating materials. These effluents have negative effects on human health and the environment. The source of industrial effluents highly influences the properties, composition, and content of pollutants. The manufacturing of paint and coatings uses huge volumes of water and chemical reagents, consequently producing huge volumes of heavily polluted wastewater. This review is focused on summarizing various methods of industrial wastewater treatment from the paint manufacturing industry. Current trends in paint industry wastewater treatment processes have resulted in high efficiency of the reduction of chemical oxygen demand. Factors affecting the treatment processes are discussed and future trends are outlined. The effectiveness of the recently used methods is compared and the limitations of advanced treatment systems are highlighted. The review of recent developments in paint industry wastewater treatments points to the need for paying great attention to advanced analytical methods allowing the identification of individual contaminants to guarantee safe disposal limits.

The growing prevalence of pharmaceutical compounds in the environment raises significant concerns due to their potential impacts on ecological and human health. This present manuscript focuses on the methods used to extract and determine these pharmaceuticals in water samples. It provides a comprehensive analysis of the extraction techniques and analytical approaches employed for the identification and quantification of pharmaceuticals in environmental water. Due to their chemical properties and widespread use, pharmaceuticals persist in the environment and contaminate water bodies, soil, and sediments. The presence of pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment has been linked to several adverse effects on aquatic organisms, including the disruption of physiological processes and reproductive impairment. Furthermore, pharmaceuticals in the environment can affect human health through food and drinking water contamination and contribute to antibiotic resistance. The analysis of pharmaceutical contaminants in water samples presents several challenges due to the complex matrix and low concentrations of target substances. Various sample preparation techniques and protocols, including solid-phase extraction (more than 76% of the studied literature) and QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe), coupled with liquid chromatography–tandem-mass spectrometry, are commonly used for their determination. These methods offer high sensitivity, selectivity, and efficiency in identifying and quantifying pharmaceuticals in environmental samples. It is, therefore, essential that ongoing research is conducted in order to develop more efficient analytical methods and mitigation strategies to address pharmaceutical contamination in the environmental water effectively. It is also crucial that increased awareness and regulatory measures are put in place in order to minimize the environmental and human health risks associated with pharmaceutical pollutants.

Due to the use of pesticides during cotton production and/or textile storage, it is necessary to assure textile and clothing safety in order to improve the protection of human health. In this work, an efficient method was established for a multiresidue determination of 33 pesticides covering several pesticide classes such as organochlorine, organophosphate, pyrethroides, triazines, etc., in textiles by modified QuEChERS and followed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Optimal conditions were selected, including the amount of the sample, type of the extraction solvent and cleaning up sorbents, until the method was finally validated. Sufficient accuracy and precision were presented by the method using spiked samples between 10 and 250 μg/kg, while recoveries from 70 to 120% and an RSD < 20% for all the pesticides were obtained; the limits of quantification were below 5 μg/kg for all studied pesticides. The presented method showed high separation efficiency with minimal sample and sorbent consumption. The validated method was successfully applied to the analysis of real samples and proved to be applicable to routine analyses.

This study presents a compact system developed to treat paint-industrial water contaminated by the residues of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) using hybrid electrothermochemical wastewater treatment technology. Different treatment parameters (sample dilution, working current) were studied, and the power of the removal was expressed by the removal efficiency factor. It was shown that for all of the VOCs, significant removal was obtained with dilution 1:3 (industrial water: deionized water, V:V) and electric current set at 30 A. For advanced inspection of the treatment process, a simple and solventless method has been developed and validated, using headspace sampling combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Parameters affecting the headspace sampling efficiency were thoroughly studied, including the temperature, time, and mixing rate. The proposed method was partially validated utilizing the selected sampling parameters. The limits of detection ranged between 0.19 µg/L and 4.02 μg/L. The validated analytical method was an efficient tool for the inspection of residual VOCs in paint-industrial water and treated water samples. The new electrochemical water treatment was shown to be helpful in the paint industry’s effluent reuse.

The production of nutraceuticals is a growing trend, as many consumers consider them an important part of the modern active lifestyle. Others rely on the use of nutraceuticals instead of prescribing pharmaceuticals to improve their health more naturally. One of the major concerns in the nutraceutical industry is the potential presence of contaminants. Even low concentrations of contaminant residues can be harmful, so analytical methods that are sensitive at ultratrace levels are needed. Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction method combined with fast gas chromatography and mass spectrometry was developed for the inspection of pesticide residues in Carmelite drops. The most suitable recoveries are presented when the alcohol content is fixed at 20% in Carmelite drops. The method was validated; the linearity, limits of detection/quantification, the method accuracy and precision were obtained. The complex nutraceutical matrix causes significant complications in quantitative analysis; therefore, the main target of the work was placed on studying the effects of the matrix on the correct expression of the resulting concentration of contaminants in different types of samples. An in-depth study of matrix factors was carried out, and its relationship with the content of potential interferents from the medicinal products as well as other components added during the drops’ production was discussed. Related medicinal plant-derived nutraceuticals were tested, the method was applied for real-life samples, and positive findings are herein reported.