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Emerging viral diseases are a major threat to global health, and nearly two-thirds of emerging human infectious diseases are zoonotic. Most of the human epidemics and pandemics were caused by the spillover of viruses from wild mammals. Viruses that infect humans and a wide range of animals have historically caused devastating epidemics and pandemics. An in-depth understanding of the mechanisms of viral emergence and zoonotic spillover is still lacking. Receptors are major determinants of host susceptibility to viruses. Animal species sharing host cell receptors that support the binding of multiple viruses can play a key role in virus spillover and the emergence of novel viruses and their variants. Sialic acids (SAs), which are linked to glycoproteins and ganglioside serve as receptors for several human and animal viruses. In particular, influenza and coronaviruses, which represent two of the most important zoonotic threats, use SAs as cellular entry receptors. This is a comprehensive review of our current knowledge of SA receptor distribution among animal species and the range of viruses that use SAs as receptors. SA receptor tropism and the predicted natural susceptibility to viruses can inform targeted surveillance of domestic and wild animals to prevent the future emergence of zoonotic viruses.
Suresh Kuchipudi; Rahul Nelli; Abhinay Gontu; Rashmi Satyakumar; Meera Surendran Nair; Murugan Subbiah. Sialic Acid Receptors: The Key to Solving the Enigma of Zoonotic Virus Spillover. Viruses 2021, 13, 262 .
AMA StyleSuresh Kuchipudi, Rahul Nelli, Abhinay Gontu, Rashmi Satyakumar, Meera Surendran Nair, Murugan Subbiah. Sialic Acid Receptors: The Key to Solving the Enigma of Zoonotic Virus Spillover. Viruses. 2021; 13 (2):262.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSuresh Kuchipudi; Rahul Nelli; Abhinay Gontu; Rashmi Satyakumar; Meera Surendran Nair; Murugan Subbiah. 2021. "Sialic Acid Receptors: The Key to Solving the Enigma of Zoonotic Virus Spillover." Viruses 13, no. 2: 262.
Draft genome sequences of two outbreak isolates of Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus from one of the Pennsylvania swine herds affected with high mortality and morbidity are reported here. The genome analysis revealed that the isolates are closely related to a virulent strain originally identified in China.
Meera Surendran Nair; Maurice Byukusenge; Lingling Li; Ruth H. Nissly; Victoria S. Cavener; Michele Yon; Rhiannon Barry; Pazhanivel Natesan; Nagaraja Thirumalapura; Deepanker Tewari; Bhushan M. Jayarao; Suresh V. Kuchipudi. Draft Genome Sequences of Two Virulent Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus Swine Isolates from Pennsylvania. Microbiology Resource Announcements 2020, 9, 1 .
AMA StyleMeera Surendran Nair, Maurice Byukusenge, Lingling Li, Ruth H. Nissly, Victoria S. Cavener, Michele Yon, Rhiannon Barry, Pazhanivel Natesan, Nagaraja Thirumalapura, Deepanker Tewari, Bhushan M. Jayarao, Suresh V. Kuchipudi. Draft Genome Sequences of Two Virulent Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus Swine Isolates from Pennsylvania. Microbiology Resource Announcements. 2020; 9 (42):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMeera Surendran Nair; Maurice Byukusenge; Lingling Li; Ruth H. Nissly; Victoria S. Cavener; Michele Yon; Rhiannon Barry; Pazhanivel Natesan; Nagaraja Thirumalapura; Deepanker Tewari; Bhushan M. Jayarao; Suresh V. Kuchipudi. 2020. "Draft Genome Sequences of Two Virulent Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus Swine Isolates from Pennsylvania." Microbiology Resource Announcements 9, no. 42: 1.
The optimal timeframe for donating convalescent plasma to be used for COVID-19 immunotherapy is unknown. To address this important knowledge deficit, we determinedin vitrolive-virus neutralizing capacity and persistence of IgM and IgG antibody responses against the receptor-binding domain and S1 ectodomain of the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein in 540 convalescent plasma samples obtained from 175 COVID-19 plasma donors for up to 142 days post-symptom onset. Robust IgM, IgG, and viral neutralization responses to SARS-CoV-2 persist, in the aggregate, for at least 100 days post-symptom onset. However, a notable acceleration in decline in virus neutralization titers ≥160, a value suitable for convalescent plasma therapy, was observed starting 60 days after first symptom onset. Together, these findings better define the optimal window for donating convalescent plasma useful for immunotherapy of COVID-19 patients and reveal important predictors of an ideal plasma donor, including age and COVID-19 disease severity score. One Sentence Summary Evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 anti-spike protein IgM, IgG, and live-virus neutralizing titer profiles reveals that the optimal window for donating convalescent plasma for use in immunotherapy is within the first 60 days of symptom onset.
Abhinay Gontu; Sreenidhi Srinivasan; Eric Salazar; Meera Surendran Nair; Ruth H. Nissly; Denver Greenawalt; Ian M. Bird; Catherine Herzog; Matthew J. Ferrari; Indira Poojary; Robab Katani; Scott E. Lindner; Allen M. Minns; Randall Rossi; Paul A. Christensen; Brian Castillo; Jian Chen; Todd N. Eagar; Xin Yi; Picheng Zhao; Christopher Leveque; Randall J. Olsen; David W. Bernard; Jimmy Gollihar; Suresh V. Kuchipudi; James M. Musser; Vivek Kapur. Limited window for donation of convalescent plasma with high live-virus neutralizing antibodies for COVID-19 immunotherapy. 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleAbhinay Gontu, Sreenidhi Srinivasan, Eric Salazar, Meera Surendran Nair, Ruth H. Nissly, Denver Greenawalt, Ian M. Bird, Catherine Herzog, Matthew J. Ferrari, Indira Poojary, Robab Katani, Scott E. Lindner, Allen M. Minns, Randall Rossi, Paul A. Christensen, Brian Castillo, Jian Chen, Todd N. Eagar, Xin Yi, Picheng Zhao, Christopher Leveque, Randall J. Olsen, David W. Bernard, Jimmy Gollihar, Suresh V. Kuchipudi, James M. Musser, Vivek Kapur. Limited window for donation of convalescent plasma with high live-virus neutralizing antibodies for COVID-19 immunotherapy. . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbhinay Gontu; Sreenidhi Srinivasan; Eric Salazar; Meera Surendran Nair; Ruth H. Nissly; Denver Greenawalt; Ian M. Bird; Catherine Herzog; Matthew J. Ferrari; Indira Poojary; Robab Katani; Scott E. Lindner; Allen M. Minns; Randall Rossi; Paul A. Christensen; Brian Castillo; Jian Chen; Todd N. Eagar; Xin Yi; Picheng Zhao; Christopher Leveque; Randall J. Olsen; David W. Bernard; Jimmy Gollihar; Suresh V. Kuchipudi; James M. Musser; Vivek Kapur. 2020. "Limited window for donation of convalescent plasma with high live-virus neutralizing antibodies for COVID-19 immunotherapy." , no. : 1.
The present study investigated the efficacy of selenium (Se) in reduction of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) exopolysaccharide (EPS) synthesis, inhibition of biofilm formation at 25 and 4°C on polystyrene surface, and inactivation of mature EHEC biofilms in combination with hot water. Sterile 96-well polystyrene plates inoculated with EHEC (∼6.0 log CFU per well) were treated with a subinhibitory concentration (SIC) of Se, and biofilms were allowed to mature at 4 and 25°C for 96 h. Biofilm-associated bacterial population was determined by scraping and plating, whereas the extent of EPS production was determined using ruthenium red staining assay. Solid surface assay was used to study the effect of Se on early attachment of EHEC cells to polystyrene. The efficacy of Se in rapid inactivation of preformed, mature EHEC biofilm was investigated by treating biofilms on polystyrene plates with the MBC of Se in combination with hot water at 80°C with a contact time of 0 min, 30 s, 2 min, and 5 min. Furthermore, the effect of Se on EHEC biofilm architecture was visualized using confocal microscopy, whereas the effect of Se on EHEC biofilm genes was determined using real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Finally, the potential feasibility of coating stainless steel surfaces with Se nanoparticles to inhibit EHEC biofilm formation was studied. Se reduced early attachment of planktonic cells, biofilm formation, and EPS synthesis in EHEC (P < 0.05). Se in combination with hot water reduced biofilm-associated bacterial counts by 3 to 4 log CFU/mL at 5 min of exposure compared with the control (P < 0.05). However, hot water treatment alone decreased biofilm-associated bacterial counts by only 1.0 log CFU/mL. RT-qPCR results revealed that Se down-regulated the transcription of critical genes associated with biofilm synthesis in EHEC (P < 0.05). The results collectively suggest that Se could potentially be used to control EHEC biofilms in food processing environments, but appropriate applications need to be validated.
Meera Surendran Nair; Abhinav Upadhyay; Samantha Fancher; Indu Upadhyaya; Swayandipta Dey; Anup Kollanoor Johny; Jing Zhao; Kumar Venkitanarayanan. Inhibition and Inactivation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 Biofilms by Selenium. Journal of Food Protection 2018, 81, 926 -933.
AMA StyleMeera Surendran Nair, Abhinav Upadhyay, Samantha Fancher, Indu Upadhyaya, Swayandipta Dey, Anup Kollanoor Johny, Jing Zhao, Kumar Venkitanarayanan. Inhibition and Inactivation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 Biofilms by Selenium. Journal of Food Protection. 2018; 81 (6):926-933.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMeera Surendran Nair; Abhinav Upadhyay; Samantha Fancher; Indu Upadhyaya; Swayandipta Dey; Anup Kollanoor Johny; Jing Zhao; Kumar Venkitanarayanan. 2018. "Inhibition and Inactivation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 Biofilms by Selenium." Journal of Food Protection 81, no. 6: 926-933.
Pathogenic microorganisms engage an array of virulence factors to successfully infect their host. The expression of such virulence factors is modulated by changes in the biosphere, and chemical cues through receptor-mediated communications. Recent research has identified several sensory mechanisms and compounds that facilitate chemical cross-talk between microbes or between microbes and the external environment, thereby facilitating pathogens to efficiently utilize their virulence attributes. This chapter highlights the various virulence mechanisms applied by microbes, especially foodborne pathogens, and the effects of external environmental conditions and physico-chemical treatments on the expression of major virulence factors, with an aim to develop effective intervention strategies for enhancing the safety of foods.
Kumar Venkitanarayanan; Abhinav Upadhyay; Meera Surendran Nair; Indu Upadhyaya. The Effects of Environmental Conditions and External Treatments on Virulence of Foodborne Pathogens. Foodborne Pathogens 2017, 305 -332.
AMA StyleKumar Venkitanarayanan, Abhinav Upadhyay, Meera Surendran Nair, Indu Upadhyaya. The Effects of Environmental Conditions and External Treatments on Virulence of Foodborne Pathogens. Foodborne Pathogens. 2017; ():305-332.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKumar Venkitanarayanan; Abhinav Upadhyay; Meera Surendran Nair; Indu Upadhyaya. 2017. "The Effects of Environmental Conditions and External Treatments on Virulence of Foodborne Pathogens." Foodborne Pathogens , no. : 305-332.
Beyond the need for microbial control in human and animal medicine, there exists a significant requirement for pathogen exclusion in the food industry. In this regard, the food industry has been using a variety of non-antibiotic based antimicrobials, including additives and disinfectants for controlling foodborne spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms. This chapter focuses on the commonly used antimicrobial food preservatives and disinfectants, their mode of action, microbial resistance to these non-antibiotics, and the underlying resistance mechanisms. It then discusses the potential application of these antimicrobials as alternatives to control antibiotic resistant foodborne pathogens. Food additive includes preservatives, sweeteners, color additives, flavors and spices, flavor enhancers, nutrient supplements, emulsifiers, texturing agents, acidulants, and enzymes. Disinfection of food processing premises and equipment is an integral part of the Good Hygienic Practice (GHP). The excessive and inappropriate use of antibiotics in medicine and agriculture has led to the emergence of antimicrobial resistant bacteria.
Meera Surendran Nair; Indu Upadhyaya; Mary Anne Roshni Amalaradjou; Kumar Venkitanarayanan. Antimicrobial Food Additives and Disinfectants. Foodborne Pathogens and Antibiotic Resistance 2017, 275 -301.
AMA StyleMeera Surendran Nair, Indu Upadhyaya, Mary Anne Roshni Amalaradjou, Kumar Venkitanarayanan. Antimicrobial Food Additives and Disinfectants. Foodborne Pathogens and Antibiotic Resistance. 2017; ():275-301.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMeera Surendran Nair; Indu Upadhyaya; Mary Anne Roshni Amalaradjou; Kumar Venkitanarayanan. 2017. "Antimicrobial Food Additives and Disinfectants." Foodborne Pathogens and Antibiotic Resistance , no. : 275-301.
Sandra Aehle; Paul Barrow; Dante Javier Bueno; James A. Byrd; Todd R. Callaway; Kim L. Chiok; Kapil K. Chousalkar; Philip G. Crandall; Roy Curtiss; Rob Davies; Turki M. Dawoud; Wolfgang De Cort; Richard Ducatelle; Tom S. Edrington; Jacob R. Elder; Steven L. Foley; Richard K. Gast; Eduardo Ignacio Godano; Anup Kollanoor Johny; Pravin R. Kaldhone; Michael H. Kogut; Doug Korver; Young Min Kwon; Soo-Kyoung Lee; Francesca Martelli; Lynn McMullen; Andrea McWhorter; Meera Surendran Nair; David J. Nisbet; Corliss A. O’Bryan; Narayan C. Paul; Francisco Procura; Steven C. Ricke; Francisco Isabelino Rodriguez; Kun-Ho Seo; Devendra H. Shah; Zhaohao Shi; María Cecilia Soria; Mario Alberto Soria; Indu Upadhyaya; Filip Van Immerseel; Kumar Venkitanarayanan; Andrew Wales; Doug Waltman; Paul Wigley; Hsin-Bai Yin. List of Contributors. Producing Safe Eggs 2017, 1 .
AMA StyleSandra Aehle, Paul Barrow, Dante Javier Bueno, James A. Byrd, Todd R. Callaway, Kim L. Chiok, Kapil K. Chousalkar, Philip G. Crandall, Roy Curtiss, Rob Davies, Turki M. Dawoud, Wolfgang De Cort, Richard Ducatelle, Tom S. Edrington, Jacob R. Elder, Steven L. Foley, Richard K. Gast, Eduardo Ignacio Godano, Anup Kollanoor Johny, Pravin R. Kaldhone, Michael H. Kogut, Doug Korver, Young Min Kwon, Soo-Kyoung Lee, Francesca Martelli, Lynn McMullen, Andrea McWhorter, Meera Surendran Nair, David J. Nisbet, Corliss A. O’Bryan, Narayan C. Paul, Francisco Procura, Steven C. Ricke, Francisco Isabelino Rodriguez, Kun-Ho Seo, Devendra H. Shah, Zhaohao Shi, María Cecilia Soria, Mario Alberto Soria, Indu Upadhyaya, Filip Van Immerseel, Kumar Venkitanarayanan, Andrew Wales, Doug Waltman, Paul Wigley, Hsin-Bai Yin. List of Contributors. Producing Safe Eggs. 2017; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSandra Aehle; Paul Barrow; Dante Javier Bueno; James A. Byrd; Todd R. Callaway; Kim L. Chiok; Kapil K. Chousalkar; Philip G. Crandall; Roy Curtiss; Rob Davies; Turki M. Dawoud; Wolfgang De Cort; Richard Ducatelle; Tom S. Edrington; Jacob R. Elder; Steven L. Foley; Richard K. Gast; Eduardo Ignacio Godano; Anup Kollanoor Johny; Pravin R. Kaldhone; Michael H. Kogut; Doug Korver; Young Min Kwon; Soo-Kyoung Lee; Francesca Martelli; Lynn McMullen; Andrea McWhorter; Meera Surendran Nair; David J. Nisbet; Corliss A. O’Bryan; Narayan C. Paul; Francisco Procura; Steven C. Ricke; Francisco Isabelino Rodriguez; Kun-Ho Seo; Devendra H. Shah; Zhaohao Shi; María Cecilia Soria; Mario Alberto Soria; Indu Upadhyaya; Filip Van Immerseel; Kumar Venkitanarayanan; Andrew Wales; Doug Waltman; Paul Wigley; Hsin-Bai Yin. 2017. "List of Contributors." Producing Safe Eggs , no. : 1.
Indu Upadhyaya; Hsinbai Yin; Meera Surendran Nair; Kumar Venkitanarayanan. Natural Approaches for Improving Postharvest Safety of Egg and Egg Products. Producing Safe Eggs 2017, 391 -420.
AMA StyleIndu Upadhyaya, Hsinbai Yin, Meera Surendran Nair, Kumar Venkitanarayanan. Natural Approaches for Improving Postharvest Safety of Egg and Egg Products. Producing Safe Eggs. 2017; ():391-420.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIndu Upadhyaya; Hsinbai Yin; Meera Surendran Nair; Kumar Venkitanarayanan. 2017. "Natural Approaches for Improving Postharvest Safety of Egg and Egg Products." Producing Safe Eggs , no. : 391-420.
Escherichia coli O157:H7 is a major foodborne pathogen that can cause serious human illness characterized by hemorrhagic diarrhea and kidney failure. The pathology of enterohemorrhagic E. coli O157:H7 (EHEC) infection is primarily mediated by verotoxins, which bind to the globotriaosylceramide receptor on host cells. Antibiotics are contraindicated for treating EHEC infection because they lead to increased verotoxin release, thereby increasing the risk of renal failure and death in patients. Thus, alternative strategies are needed for controlling EHEC infections in humans. This study investigated the effect of subinhibitory concentrations of five plant-derived antimicrobial agents (PDAs) that are generally considered as safe, i.e., trans-cinnamaldehyde, eugenol, carvacrol, thymol, and β-resorcylic acid, on EHEC motility, adhesion to human intestinal epithelial cells, verotoxin production, and virulence gene expression. All tested PDAs reduced EHEC motility and attachment to human intestinal epithelial cells (P < 0.05) and decreased verotoxin synthesis by EHEC. The reverse transcription real-time PCR data revealed that PDAs decreased the expression of critical virulence genes in EHEC (P < 0.05). The results collectively suggest that these PDAs could be used to reduce EHEC virulence, but follow-up studies in animal models are necessary to validate these findings.
Sangeetha Ananda Baskaran; Anup Kollanoor Johny; Meera Surendran Nair; Kumar Venkitanarayanan. Efficacy of Plant-Derived Antimicrobials in Controlling Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli Virulence In Vitro. Journal of Food Protection 2016, 79, 1965 -1970.
AMA StyleSangeetha Ananda Baskaran, Anup Kollanoor Johny, Meera Surendran Nair, Kumar Venkitanarayanan. Efficacy of Plant-Derived Antimicrobials in Controlling Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli Virulence In Vitro. Journal of Food Protection. 2016; 79 (11):1965-1970.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSangeetha Ananda Baskaran; Anup Kollanoor Johny; Meera Surendran Nair; Kumar Venkitanarayanan. 2016. "Efficacy of Plant-Derived Antimicrobials in Controlling Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli Virulence In Vitro." Journal of Food Protection 79, no. 11: 1965-1970.
The efficacy of a new generation disinfectant, octenidine dihydrochloride (OH), as wash and coating treatments for reducing Listeria monocytogenes (LM), Salmonella spp. (SAL), and Escherichia coli O157:H7 (EC) on cantaloupe was investigated. Cantaloupe rind plugs inoculated separately with the three bacterial species (∼8 log CFU/cm(2)) were washed for 1, 3, 5 min at 25 °C in water, or chlorine (200 ppm), ethanol (1%), OH (0.01, 0.05, 0.1%) and surviving populations were measured after treatment. Additionally, inoculated cantaloupe rind plugs were coated with 2% chitosan or chitosan containing OH (0.01, 0.05, 0.1%) and sampled for surviving pathogens. Subsequently, the antimicrobial efficacy of OH wash and coating (0.1, 0.2%) on whole cantaloupes was determined. All OH wash reduced LM, SAL, and EC on cantaloupe rinds by > 5 log CFU/cm(2) by 2 min, and reduced populations to undetectable levels (below 2 log CFU/cm(2)) by 5 min (P < 0.05). Similarly, OH coating on cantaloupe rinds reduced the pathogens by 3-5 log /cm(2) (P < 0.05). Washing and coating whole cantaloupes with OH reduced the three pathogens by at least 5 log and 2 log CFU/cm(2), respectively (P < 0.05). Results suggest that OH could be used as antimicrobial wash and coating to reduce LM, SAL, and EC on cantaloupes.
Abhinav Upadhyay; Chi-Hung Chen; Hsinbai Yin; Indu Upadhyaya; Samantha Fancher; Yanyan Liu; Meera Surendran Nair; Leanne Jankelunas; Jitendra R. Patel; Kumar Venkitanarayanan. Inactivation of Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli O157:H7 on cantaloupes by octenidine dihydrochloride. Food Microbiology 2016, 58, 121 -127.
AMA StyleAbhinav Upadhyay, Chi-Hung Chen, Hsinbai Yin, Indu Upadhyaya, Samantha Fancher, Yanyan Liu, Meera Surendran Nair, Leanne Jankelunas, Jitendra R. Patel, Kumar Venkitanarayanan. Inactivation of Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli O157:H7 on cantaloupes by octenidine dihydrochloride. Food Microbiology. 2016; 58 ():121-127.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbhinav Upadhyay; Chi-Hung Chen; Hsinbai Yin; Indu Upadhyaya; Samantha Fancher; Yanyan Liu; Meera Surendran Nair; Leanne Jankelunas; Jitendra R. Patel; Kumar Venkitanarayanan. 2016. "Inactivation of Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli O157:H7 on cantaloupes by octenidine dihydrochloride." Food Microbiology 58, no. : 121-127.
Escherichia coli O157: H7 (EHEC) is a major foodborne pathogen largely transmitted to humans through the consumption of undercooked ground beef. This study investigated the efficacy of two food-grade, plant-derived antimicrobials, namely rutin (RT), and resveratrol (RV) with or without chitosan (CH) in enhancing EHEC inactivation in undercooked hamburger patties. Further, the effect of aforementioned treatments on beef color and lipid oxidation was analyzed. Additionally, the deleterious effects of these antimicrobial treatments on EHEC was determined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Ground beef was inoculated with a five-strain mixture of EHEC (7.0 log CFU/g), followed by the addition of RT (0.05%, 0.1% w/w) or RV (0.1, 0.2% w/w) with or without CH (0.01% w/w). The meat was formed into patties (25 g) and stored at 4°C for 5 days. On days 1, 3 and 5, the patties were cooked (65°C, medium rare) and surviving EHEC was enumerated. The effect of these treatments on meat color and lipid oxidation during storage was also determined as per American Meat Science Association guidelines. The study was repeated three times with duplicate samples of each treatment. Both RT and RV enhanced the thermal destruction of EHEC, and reduced the pathogen load by at least 3 log CFU/g compared to control (P 0.05). Moreover, patties treated with RV plus chitosan were more color stable with higher a* values (P < 0.05). SEM results revealed that heat treatment with antimicrobials (CH+RV 0.2%) caused a complete destruction of EHEC cells with pore formation and extrusion of intracellular contents. Results suggest that the aforementioned antimicrobials could be used for enhancing the thermal inactivation of EHEC in undercooked patties; however, detailed sensory studies are warranted.
Meera Surendran Nair; Patrick Lau; Kaylin Belskie; Samantha Fancher; Chi-Hung Chen; Deepti Prasad Karumathil; Hsinbai Yin; Yanyan Liu; Fulin Ma; Indu Upadhyaya; Abhinav Upadhyay; Richard Mancini; Kumar Venkitanarayanan. Potentiating the Heat Inactivation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Ground Beef Patties by Natural Antimicrobials. Frontiers in Microbiology 2016, 7, 15 .
AMA StyleMeera Surendran Nair, Patrick Lau, Kaylin Belskie, Samantha Fancher, Chi-Hung Chen, Deepti Prasad Karumathil, Hsinbai Yin, Yanyan Liu, Fulin Ma, Indu Upadhyaya, Abhinav Upadhyay, Richard Mancini, Kumar Venkitanarayanan. Potentiating the Heat Inactivation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Ground Beef Patties by Natural Antimicrobials. Frontiers in Microbiology. 2016; 7 ():15.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMeera Surendran Nair; Patrick Lau; Kaylin Belskie; Samantha Fancher; Chi-Hung Chen; Deepti Prasad Karumathil; Hsinbai Yin; Yanyan Liu; Fulin Ma; Indu Upadhyaya; Abhinav Upadhyay; Richard Mancini; Kumar Venkitanarayanan. 2016. "Potentiating the Heat Inactivation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Ground Beef Patties by Natural Antimicrobials." Frontiers in Microbiology 7, no. : 15.
Abhinav Upadhyay; Indu Upadhyaya; Deepti Prasad Karumathil; Hsinbai Yin; Meera Surendran Nair; VarunKumar Bhattaram; Chi-Hung Chen; Genevieve Flock; Shankumar Mooyottu; Kumar Venkitanarayanan. Control of Listeria monocytogenes on skinless frankfurters by coating with phytochemicals. LWT - Food Science and Technology 2015, 63, 37 -42.
AMA StyleAbhinav Upadhyay, Indu Upadhyaya, Deepti Prasad Karumathil, Hsinbai Yin, Meera Surendran Nair, VarunKumar Bhattaram, Chi-Hung Chen, Genevieve Flock, Shankumar Mooyottu, Kumar Venkitanarayanan. Control of Listeria monocytogenes on skinless frankfurters by coating with phytochemicals. LWT - Food Science and Technology. 2015; 63 (1):37-42.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbhinav Upadhyay; Indu Upadhyaya; Deepti Prasad Karumathil; Hsinbai Yin; Meera Surendran Nair; VarunKumar Bhattaram; Chi-Hung Chen; Genevieve Flock; Shankumar Mooyottu; Kumar Venkitanarayanan. 2015. "Control of Listeria monocytogenes on skinless frankfurters by coating with phytochemicals." LWT - Food Science and Technology 63, no. 1: 37-42.
Many pathogenic bacteria and fungi produce potentially lethal toxins that cause cytotoxicity or impaired cellular function either at the site of colonization or other locations in the body through receptor-mediated interactions. Various factors, including biotic and abiotic environments, competing microbes, and chemical cues affect toxin expression in these pathogens. Recent work suggests that several natural compounds can modulate toxin production in pathogenic microbes. However, studies explaining the mechanistic basis for their effect are scanty. This review discusses the potential of various plant-derived compounds for reducing toxin production in foodborne and other microbes. In addition, studies highlighting their anti-toxigenic mechanism(s) are discussed.
Abhinav Upadhyay; Shankumar Mooyottu; Hsinbai Yin; Meera Surendran Nair; VarunKumar Bhattaram; Kumar Venkitanarayanan. Inhibiting Microbial Toxins Using Plant-Derived Compounds and Plant Extracts. Medicines 2015, 2, 186 -211.
AMA StyleAbhinav Upadhyay, Shankumar Mooyottu, Hsinbai Yin, Meera Surendran Nair, VarunKumar Bhattaram, Kumar Venkitanarayanan. Inhibiting Microbial Toxins Using Plant-Derived Compounds and Plant Extracts. Medicines. 2015; 2 (3):186-211.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbhinav Upadhyay; Shankumar Mooyottu; Hsinbai Yin; Meera Surendran Nair; VarunKumar Bhattaram; Kumar Venkitanarayanan. 2015. "Inhibiting Microbial Toxins Using Plant-Derived Compounds and Plant Extracts." Medicines 2, no. 3: 186-211.