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In fast growing economies, rapid urbanization generates high demand for construction aggregates in the rural hinterland of cities. Their extraction often causes negative repercussions on the environment. In Vietnam, the central government has made strong efforts to incorporate environmental objectives in the aggregate mining sector, and, in a one-party state, it has powerful means to implement its policies. Nevertheless, adverse environmental effects of aggregate mining are visible throughout the country. Against this background, the purpose of this paper is to identify barriers for environmental policy integration in a one-party state. The aggregates industry in Hoa Binh Province, located in the hinterland of the fast growing capital Hanoi, is taken as a case. Methods of the study, which was conducted between 2015 and 2019, include literature review, document and data analysis, interviews, group discussions for information collection and validation of results, and site visits. Six environmental policy integration barriers are derived from the literature. They form the conceptual basis for explaining difficulties of environmental policy implementation and integration in the concrete case. The study demonstrates that the following factors provide a viable concept for analyzing deficits of environmental policy integration in a fast modernizing one-party state: (a) the prevalence of top-down approaches with insufficient trigger-down effects, (b) the predominance of socioeconomic over environmental objectives, (c) weak incentives to improve environmental performance, (d) fragmented environmental planning and implementation, (e) weak institutional control mechanisms on lower levels of government, and (f) compliance oriented public participation and deficient compensation mechanisms. These are potential entry points for coping with environmental challenges of growth oriented sector policies.
Paulina Schiappacasse; Bernhard Müller; Le Linh; Peter Wirth. Construction Aggregates and Environmental Policy Integration in a One-Party State: The Case of Hoa Binh, Vietnam. Sustainability 2020, 12, 6890 .
AMA StylePaulina Schiappacasse, Bernhard Müller, Le Linh, Peter Wirth. Construction Aggregates and Environmental Policy Integration in a One-Party State: The Case of Hoa Binh, Vietnam. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (17):6890.
Chicago/Turabian StylePaulina Schiappacasse; Bernhard Müller; Le Linh; Peter Wirth. 2020. "Construction Aggregates and Environmental Policy Integration in a One-Party State: The Case of Hoa Binh, Vietnam." Sustainability 12, no. 17: 6890.
Responsible mining is a new catchword of our times. However, in practice, there seem to be many barriers that hinder the successful implementation of the concept. This is especially true for countries with high urbanization speed, and it is even true for one-party states where its implementation could, in general, be taken for granted as soon as the central government has taken respective decisions and put appropriate stipulations and mechanisms formally in place. On this background, the article deals with barriers and possible solutions regarding responsible mining taking the case of Vietnam, and more especially the Province of Hoa Binh, neighboring Hanoi. Based on a literature review on responsible mining, a set of principles promoting this approach is developed. This is taken as a criteria set for the assessment of respective policies and their implementation on the different levels of authority in Vietnam. Finally, proposals are developed how to advance responsible mining in this case and in other comparable countries.
Paulina Schiappacasse; Bernhard Müller; Le Thuy Linh. Towards Responsible Aggregate Mining in Vietnam. Resources 2019, 8, 138 .
AMA StylePaulina Schiappacasse, Bernhard Müller, Le Thuy Linh. Towards Responsible Aggregate Mining in Vietnam. Resources. 2019; 8 (3):138.
Chicago/Turabian StylePaulina Schiappacasse; Bernhard Müller; Le Thuy Linh. 2019. "Towards Responsible Aggregate Mining in Vietnam." Resources 8, no. 3: 138.