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Senior Scientist or Principal Investigator
01 October 2004 - 01 September 2021
Post Doctoral Researcher
01 October 1997 - 01 October 2004
Graduate Student or Post Graduate
01 October 1992 - 01 October 1997
Lieven Vandevelde (1968, Eeklo, Belgium) graduated in electromechanical engineering at Ghent University in 1992 and is since then with the Electrical Energy Laboratory (EELAB), Department of Electromechanical, Systems and Metal Engineering, Ghent University. He received the Ph.D. degree from Ghent University in 1997, and has conducted research in various domains of electrical power engineering, a.o. electrical machines (in particular noise and vibrations) and (computational) electromagnetics. Since 2004, he has been member of the professorial staff and has been coordinating the research on electric power systems at EELAB. In this research, renewable energy and its integration in electric power systems play a prominent role. Since mid 2011, he has been director of Power-Link, which focuses on energy transition projects. He is member of EnerGhentIC, the interdisciplinary community of Ghent University researchers working on the energy challenge, founded in 2017.
In this paper, the performance of Variable Reluctance Linear Resolver (VR-L-Resolver) with overlapping and non-overlapping windings is investigated by a novel parametric Magnetic Equivalent Circuit (MEC). The proposed MEC is capable of modeling various VR-L-Resolvers with arbitrary geometry and adjustable accuracy by changing the number of considered flux tubes. This technique is more suitable for modeling, analysis, and optimizing of the mentioned resolvers thanks to its flexibility and shorter processing time compared to the Finite Element Method (FEM). Moreover, it has the potential to model both healthy and faulty conditions by a unique model. Therefore, the resolver with two windings configurations under healthy and faulty cases are analyzed in this paper to study their performance. In faulty case, the inter-turn and asymmetrical air-gap faults are considered, and the position error is calculated for both cases. Finally, the MEC results are validated by 2D-FEM and experimental results to show the effectiveness of the proposed model. In general, applying a novel MEC-based modeling technique for the resolver sensitivity analysis, under mentioned faults and various windings configurations, is the main paper novelty.
Peyman Naderi; Arman Ramezannezhad; Lieven Vandevelde. Performance Analysis of Variable Reluctance Linear Resolver by Parametric Magnetic Equivalent Circuit in Healthy and Faulty Cases. IEEE Sensors Journal 2021, PP, 1 -1.
AMA StylePeyman Naderi, Arman Ramezannezhad, Lieven Vandevelde. Performance Analysis of Variable Reluctance Linear Resolver by Parametric Magnetic Equivalent Circuit in Healthy and Faulty Cases. IEEE Sensors Journal. 2021; PP (99):1-1.
Chicago/Turabian StylePeyman Naderi; Arman Ramezannezhad; Lieven Vandevelde. 2021. "Performance Analysis of Variable Reluctance Linear Resolver by Parametric Magnetic Equivalent Circuit in Healthy and Faulty Cases." IEEE Sensors Journal PP, no. 99: 1-1.
Renewable Energy Sources (RES) have drawn significant attention in the past years to make the transition towards low carbon emissions. On the one hand, the intermittent nature of RES, resulting in variable power generation, hinders their high-level penetration in the power system. On the other hand, RES can aid not only to supply much more eco-friendly energy but also it allows the power system to enhance its stability by ancillary service provision. This article reviews the challenges related to the most intermittent RES utilised in Belgium, that is, wind energy and solar energy. Additionally, wind speed and solar irradiance variations, which are the cause of wind and solar intermittency, are studied. Then, recent techniques to forecast their changes, and approaches to accommodate or mitigate their impacts on the power system, are discussed. Finally, the latest statistics and future situation of RES in the Belgian power system are evaluated.
Siavash Asiaban; Nezmin Kayedpour; Arash Samani; Dimitar Bozalakov; Jeroen De Kooning; Guillaume Crevecoeur; Lieven Vandevelde. Wind and Solar Intermittency and the Associated Integration Challenges: A Comprehensive Review Including the Status in the Belgian Power System. Energies 2021, 14, 2630 .
AMA StyleSiavash Asiaban, Nezmin Kayedpour, Arash Samani, Dimitar Bozalakov, Jeroen De Kooning, Guillaume Crevecoeur, Lieven Vandevelde. Wind and Solar Intermittency and the Associated Integration Challenges: A Comprehensive Review Including the Status in the Belgian Power System. Energies. 2021; 14 (9):2630.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSiavash Asiaban; Nezmin Kayedpour; Arash Samani; Dimitar Bozalakov; Jeroen De Kooning; Guillaume Crevecoeur; Lieven Vandevelde. 2021. "Wind and Solar Intermittency and the Associated Integration Challenges: A Comprehensive Review Including the Status in the Belgian Power System." Energies 14, no. 9: 2630.
Ali Dokht Shakibjoo; Mohammad Moradzadeh; Seyed Zeinolabedin Moussavi; Ardashir Mohammadzadeh; Lieven Vandevelde. Load frequency control for multi-area power systems: A new type-2 fuzzy approach based on Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm. 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleAli Dokht Shakibjoo, Mohammad Moradzadeh, Seyed Zeinolabedin Moussavi, Ardashir Mohammadzadeh, Lieven Vandevelde. Load frequency control for multi-area power systems: A new type-2 fuzzy approach based on Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm. . 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAli Dokht Shakibjoo; Mohammad Moradzadeh; Seyed Zeinolabedin Moussavi; Ardashir Mohammadzadeh; Lieven Vandevelde. 2021. "Load frequency control for multi-area power systems: A new type-2 fuzzy approach based on Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm." , no. : 1.
In this study, a new fuzzy approach is proposed for load frequency control (LFC) of a multi-area power system. The main control system is constructed by use of interval type-2 fuzzy inference systems (IT2FIS) and fractional-order calculus. In designing the controller, there is no need for the system dynamics, therefore the system Jacobian is obtained by a multilayer perceptron neural network (MLP-NN). Uncertainties are modeled by IT2FIS, and for training fuzzy parameters, Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm (LMA) is used, which is faster and more robust than gradient descent algorithm (GDA). The system stability is studied by Matignon’s stability method under time-varying disturbances. A comparison between the proposed controller with type-1 fuzzy controller on the New England 39-bus test system is also carried out. The simulations demonstrate the superiority of the designed controller.
Ali Dokht Shakibjoo; Mohammad Moradzadeh; Seyed Zeinolabedin Moussavi; Ardashir Mohammadzadeh; Lieven Vandevelde. Load frequency control for multi-area power systems: A new type-2 fuzzy approach based on Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm. ISA Transactions 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleAli Dokht Shakibjoo, Mohammad Moradzadeh, Seyed Zeinolabedin Moussavi, Ardashir Mohammadzadeh, Lieven Vandevelde. Load frequency control for multi-area power systems: A new type-2 fuzzy approach based on Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm. ISA Transactions. 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAli Dokht Shakibjoo; Mohammad Moradzadeh; Seyed Zeinolabedin Moussavi; Ardashir Mohammadzadeh; Lieven Vandevelde. 2021. "Load frequency control for multi-area power systems: A new type-2 fuzzy approach based on Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm." ISA Transactions , no. : 1.
Wind turbines are one of the most rapid growing and promising technologies for renewable power generation today. However, the share of wind energy in the global energy mix is almost entirely attributed to large turbines. Despite their unique merits, small wind turbines remain a marginal phenomenon, as they lack the technological maturity of their large counterparts. They often have a disappointing energy yield, and consequently, poor economic viability. However, it was observed from test field data that turbines with a higher ratio of rotor size to drivetrain power perform better. This rises the question whether a different design methodology, tailored to the specifics of small turbines, would result in a performance improvement. Therefore, this article presents a techno-economic optimisation method specifically for small wind turbines. Parametrised technical and economic models are integrated within a co-design optimisation process, with maximum economic performance as primary goal. A cost model of the turbine was constructed by collecting price data from wind turbine manufacturers and manufacturers of their main components. The results of the optimisation process confirm that the economic performance can indeed be greatly increased by significantly increasing the ratio of rotor size to drivetrain power.
Jeroen D.M. De Kooning; Arash E. Samani; Simon De Zutter; Jeroen De Maeyer; Lieven Vandevelde. Techno-economic optimisation of small wind turbines using co-design on a parametrised model. Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments 2021, 45, 101165 .
AMA StyleJeroen D.M. De Kooning, Arash E. Samani, Simon De Zutter, Jeroen De Maeyer, Lieven Vandevelde. Techno-economic optimisation of small wind turbines using co-design on a parametrised model. Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments. 2021; 45 ():101165.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJeroen D.M. De Kooning; Arash E. Samani; Simon De Zutter; Jeroen De Maeyer; Lieven Vandevelde. 2021. "Techno-economic optimisation of small wind turbines using co-design on a parametrised model." Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments 45, no. : 101165.
The increasing penetration of PV into the distribution grid leads to congestion, causing detrimental power quality issues. Moreover, the multiple small photovoltaic (PV) systems and battery energy storage systems (BESSs) result in increasing conversion losses. A low-voltage DC (LVDC) backbone to interconnect these assets would decrease the conversion losses and is a promising solution for a more optimal integration of PV systems. The multiple small PV systems can be replaced by shared assets with large common PV installations and a large BESS. Sharing renewable energy and aggregation are activities that are stimulated by the European Commission and lead to a substantial benefit in terms of self-consumption index (SCI) and self-sufficiency index (SSI). In this study, the benefit of an LVDC backbone is investigated compared to using a low-voltage AC (LVAC) system. It is found that the cable losses increase by 0.9 percent points and the conversion losses decrease by 12 percent points compared to the traditional low-voltage AC (LVAC) system. The SCI increases by 2 percent points and the SSI increases by 6 percent points compared to using an LVAC system with shared meter. It is shown that an LVDC backbone is only beneficial with a PV penetration level of 65% and that the BESS can be reduced by 22% for the same SSI.
Hakim Azaioud; Robbert Claeys; Jos Knockaert; Lieven Vandevelde; Jan Desmet. A Low-Voltage DC Backbone with Aggregated RES and BESS: Benefits Compared to a Traditional Low-Voltage AC System. Energies 2021, 14, 1420 .
AMA StyleHakim Azaioud, Robbert Claeys, Jos Knockaert, Lieven Vandevelde, Jan Desmet. A Low-Voltage DC Backbone with Aggregated RES and BESS: Benefits Compared to a Traditional Low-Voltage AC System. Energies. 2021; 14 (5):1420.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHakim Azaioud; Robbert Claeys; Jos Knockaert; Lieven Vandevelde; Jan Desmet. 2021. "A Low-Voltage DC Backbone with Aggregated RES and BESS: Benefits Compared to a Traditional Low-Voltage AC System." Energies 14, no. 5: 1420.
Distributed generation (DG) allows the production of renewable energy where it is consumed, avoiding transport losses. It is envisioned that future DG units will become more intelligent, not just injecting power into the grid but also actively improving the power quality by means of active power filtering techniques. In this manner, voltage and current harmonics, voltage unbalance or over-voltages can be mitigated. To achieve such a smart DG unit, an appropriate multi-functional converter topology is required, with full control over the currents exchanged with the grid, including the neutral-wire current. For this purpose, this article studies the three-phase four-wire split-link converter. A known problem of the split-link converter is voltage unbalance of the bus capacitors. This mid-point can be balanced either by injecting additional zero-sequence currents into the grid, which return through the neutral wire, or by injecting a compensating current into the mid-point with an additional half-bridge chopper. For both methods, this article presents a discrete time domain model to allow controller design and implementation in digital control. Both techniques are validated and compared by means of simulation results and experiments on a test setup.
Jeroen De Kooning; Dimitar Bozalakov; Lieven Vandevelde. Discrete Time Domain Modeling and Control of a Grid-Connected Four-Wire Split-Link Converter. Electronics 2021, 10, 506 .
AMA StyleJeroen De Kooning, Dimitar Bozalakov, Lieven Vandevelde. Discrete Time Domain Modeling and Control of a Grid-Connected Four-Wire Split-Link Converter. Electronics. 2021; 10 (4):506.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJeroen De Kooning; Dimitar Bozalakov; Lieven Vandevelde. 2021. "Discrete Time Domain Modeling and Control of a Grid-Connected Four-Wire Split-Link Converter." Electronics 10, no. 4: 506.
The current energy transition and the underlying growth in variable and uncertain renewable-based energy generation challenge the proper operation of power systems. Classical probabilistic uncertainty models, e.g., stochastic programming or robust optimisation, have been used widely to solve problems such as the day-ahead energy and reserve dispatch problem to enhance the day-ahead decisions with a probabilistic insight of renewable energy generation in real-time. By doing so, the scheduling of the power system becomes, production and consumption of electric power, more reliable (i.e., more robust because of potential deviations) while minimising the social costs given potential balancing actions. Nevertheless, these classical models are not valid when the uncertainty is imprecise, meaning that the system operator may not rely on a unique distribution function to describe the uncertainty. Given the Distributionally Robust Optimisation method, our approach can be implemented for any non-probabilistic, e.g., interval models rather than only sets of distribution functions (ambiguity set of probability distributions). In this paper, the aim is to apply two advanced non-probabilistic uncertainty models: Interval and ϵ -contamination, where the imprecision and in-determinism in the uncertainty (uncertain parameters) are considered. We propose two kinds of theoretical solutions under two decision criteria—Maximinity and Maximality. For an illustration of our solutions, we apply our proposed approach to a case study inspired by the 24-node IEEE reliability test system.
Keivan Shariatmadar; Adriano Arrigo; François Vallée; Hans Hallez; Lieven Vandevelde; David Moens. Day-Ahead Energy and Reserve Dispatch Problem under Non-Probabilistic Uncertainty. Energies 2021, 14, 1016 .
AMA StyleKeivan Shariatmadar, Adriano Arrigo, François Vallée, Hans Hallez, Lieven Vandevelde, David Moens. Day-Ahead Energy and Reserve Dispatch Problem under Non-Probabilistic Uncertainty. Energies. 2021; 14 (4):1016.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKeivan Shariatmadar; Adriano Arrigo; François Vallée; Hans Hallez; Lieven Vandevelde; David Moens. 2021. "Day-Ahead Energy and Reserve Dispatch Problem under Non-Probabilistic Uncertainty." Energies 14, no. 4: 1016.
As the share of renewable energy sources increases, the grid frequency becomes more unstable. Therefore, grid balancing services will become more important in the future. Dedicated devices can be installed close to the point where off-shore wind farms are connected to the transmission grid on land. There, they can be used to attenuate power variations, reduce congestion and offer grid balancing. The provision of these ancillary services can create considerable additional economic revenue. In this study, the provision of the primary reserve by means of a large hydrogen electrolyser of 25 MW is investigated for the specific case of the Belgian transmission system. The revenue of the provision of the frequency containment reserve (FCR) is analysed on a techno-economic model, including capital costs, operational costs, the revenue of the generated hydrogen and oxygen products and the ancillary service income. The revenue depends strongly on the contracted power band. Therefore, it is optimised to yield maximum revenue. The results show that providing FCR creates considerable additional revenue. Therefore, a large electrolyser can be a good candidate to buffer excess renewable energy into green gas while simultaneously providing the grid support.
Arash E. Samani; Anna D'Amicis; Jeroen D.M. De Kooning; Dimitar Bozalakov; Paolo Silva; Lieven Vandevelde. Grid balancing with a large‐scale electrolyser providing primary reserve. IET Renewable Power Generation 2020, 14, 3070 -3078.
AMA StyleArash E. Samani, Anna D'Amicis, Jeroen D.M. De Kooning, Dimitar Bozalakov, Paolo Silva, Lieven Vandevelde. Grid balancing with a large‐scale electrolyser providing primary reserve. IET Renewable Power Generation. 2020; 14 (16):3070-3078.
Chicago/Turabian StyleArash E. Samani; Anna D'Amicis; Jeroen D.M. De Kooning; Dimitar Bozalakov; Paolo Silva; Lieven Vandevelde. 2020. "Grid balancing with a large‐scale electrolyser providing primary reserve." IET Renewable Power Generation 14, no. 16: 3070-3078.
This paper presents an optimisation model to assess the techno-economic feasibility of a hydrogen refuelling station, which purchases power from the electricity market, supplies the mobility sector with hydrogen, and participates in the ancillary service market. The problem is formed as a mixed-integer nonlinear programming model to investigate the optimal operational plans considering the nonlinear behaviour of an electrolyser and grid costs calculation model. Obtained results from various scenarios in 2020 and 2030 show that participation in the reserve market considering optimal sizing and dispatch of components increase revenues up to 16%, and as a result, decrease the hydrogen break-even price by up to 4.7% and 6.4% in 2020 and 2030, respectively. Exemption from tax and levies for connection to the grid reduces the hydrogen break-even price by up to 13%. Plant operators could benefit from the proposed approach to schedule components reliably while meeting the hydrogen demand and maximising the annual profits.
Akbar Dadkhah; Dimitar Bozalakov; Jeroen D.M. De Kooning; Lieven Vandevelde. On the optimal planning of a hydrogen refuelling station participating in the electricity and balancing markets. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2020, 46, 1488 -1500.
AMA StyleAkbar Dadkhah, Dimitar Bozalakov, Jeroen D.M. De Kooning, Lieven Vandevelde. On the optimal planning of a hydrogen refuelling station participating in the electricity and balancing markets. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2020; 46 (2):1488-1500.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAkbar Dadkhah; Dimitar Bozalakov; Jeroen D.M. De Kooning; Lieven Vandevelde. 2020. "On the optimal planning of a hydrogen refuelling station participating in the electricity and balancing markets." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 46, no. 2: 1488-1500.
The share of renewable energy is increasing because of environmental concerns and favorable economic conditions. The majority of the distributed energy resources, connected to the low-voltage grid, are inverter-connected units. These inverters are controlled by using specially developed control strategies to determine the power injection between the primary source and the grid. In the past, the connection of distributed energy resources was based on the connect-and-forget principle, but this approach leads to severe power quality problems. Nowadays, more sophisticated control strategies need to be developed, so that ancillary services can be provided to the distribution system operator, which will allow further increase of renewable share in the distribution grids. This article examines the technical capabilities of the three-phase damping control strategy to provide ancillary services to the distribution system operator. Besides the three-phase damping control strategy, the article also compares the classical positive-sequence control strategy. Active power drooping and reactive power exchange are combined with these control strategies and the effect on the annual energy production, power quality, and grid performance is assessed. The simulations are conducted on a Matlab/OpenDSS platform in a time series simulations.
Dimitar Bozalakov; Joannes Laveyne; Mohannad Mnati; Jan Van De Vyver; Lieven Vandevelde. Possible Power Quality Ancillary Services in Low-Voltage Grids Provided by the Three-Phase Damping Control Strategy. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 7876 .
AMA StyleDimitar Bozalakov, Joannes Laveyne, Mohannad Mnati, Jan Van De Vyver, Lieven Vandevelde. Possible Power Quality Ancillary Services in Low-Voltage Grids Provided by the Three-Phase Damping Control Strategy. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (21):7876.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDimitar Bozalakov; Joannes Laveyne; Mohannad Mnati; Jan Van De Vyver; Lieven Vandevelde. 2020. "Possible Power Quality Ancillary Services in Low-Voltage Grids Provided by the Three-Phase Damping Control Strategy." Applied Sciences 10, no. 21: 7876.
The increased penetration of renewable energy sources in the electrical grid raises the need for more power system flexibility. One of the high potential groups to provide such flexibility is the industry. Incentives to do so are provided by variable pricing and remuneration of supplied ancillary services. The operational flexibility of a chlor-alkali electrolysis process shows opportunities in the current energy and ancillary services markets. A co-optimisation of operating the chlor-alkali process under an hourly variable priced electricity sourcing strategy and the delivery of Frequency Containment Reserve (FCR) is the core of this work. A short term price prediction for the Day-Ahead Market (DAM) and FCR market as input for a deterministic optimisation shows good results under standard DAM price patterns, but leaves room for improvement in case of price fluctuations, e.g., as caused by Renewable Energy Sources (RES). A two-stage stochastic optimisation is considered to cope with the uncertainties introduced by the exogenous parameters. An improvement of the stochastic solution over the deterministic Expected Value (EV) solution is shown.
Jens Baetens; Jeroen De Kooning; Greet Van Eetvelde; Lieven Vandevelde. A Two-Stage Stochastic Optimisation Methodology for the Operation of a Chlor-Alkali Electrolyser under Variable DAM and FCR Market Prices. Energies 2020, 13, 5675 .
AMA StyleJens Baetens, Jeroen De Kooning, Greet Van Eetvelde, Lieven Vandevelde. A Two-Stage Stochastic Optimisation Methodology for the Operation of a Chlor-Alkali Electrolyser under Variable DAM and FCR Market Prices. Energies. 2020; 13 (21):5675.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJens Baetens; Jeroen De Kooning; Greet Van Eetvelde; Lieven Vandevelde. 2020. "A Two-Stage Stochastic Optimisation Methodology for the Operation of a Chlor-Alkali Electrolyser under Variable DAM and FCR Market Prices." Energies 13, no. 21: 5675.
With the increasing shares of intermittent renewable sources in the grid, it becomes increasingly essential to quantify the requirements of the power systems flexibility. In this article, an adjusted weight flexibility metric (AWFM) is developed to quantify the available flexibility within individual generators as well as within the overall system. The developed metric is useful for power system operators who require a fast, simple, and offline metric. This provides a more realistic and accurate quantification of the available technical flexibility without performing time-consuming multi-temporal simulations. Another interesting feature is that it can be used to facilitate scenario comparisons. This is achieved by developing a new framework to assure the consistency of the metric and by proposing a new adjusted weighting mechanism based on correlation analysis and analytic hierarchy process (AHP). A new ranking approach based on flexibility was also proposed to increase the share of the renewable energy sources (RESs). The proposed framework was tested on the IEEE RTS-96 test-system. The results demonstrate the consistency of the AWFM. Moreover, the results show that the proposed metric is adaptive as it automatically adjusts the flexibility index with the addition or removal of generators. The new ranking approach proved its ability to increase the wind share from 28% to 37.2% within the test system. The AWFM can be a valuable contribution to the field of flexibility for its ability to provide systematic formulation for the precise analysis and accurate assessment of inherent technical flexibility for a low carbon power system.
Saleh Abujarad; Mohd Wazir Mustafa; Jasrul Jamani Jamian; Abdirahman M. Abdilahi; Jeroen D. M. De Kooning; Jan Desmet; Lieven Vandevelde. An Adjusted Weight Metric to Quantify Flexibility Available in Conventional Generators for Low Carbon Power Systems. Energies 2020, 13, 5658 .
AMA StyleSaleh Abujarad, Mohd Wazir Mustafa, Jasrul Jamani Jamian, Abdirahman M. Abdilahi, Jeroen D. M. De Kooning, Jan Desmet, Lieven Vandevelde. An Adjusted Weight Metric to Quantify Flexibility Available in Conventional Generators for Low Carbon Power Systems. Energies. 2020; 13 (21):5658.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSaleh Abujarad; Mohd Wazir Mustafa; Jasrul Jamani Jamian; Abdirahman M. Abdilahi; Jeroen D. M. De Kooning; Jan Desmet; Lieven Vandevelde. 2020. "An Adjusted Weight Metric to Quantify Flexibility Available in Conventional Generators for Low Carbon Power Systems." Energies 13, no. 21: 5658.
The global wind power capacity is on a constant rise. Many countries are moving towards renewable energy sources. Wind energy accounts for the biggest renewable energy resource in Europe. Despite all the benefits, wind energy tends to weaken the grid stability. One reason for this is the fact that most wind turbine generators are not directly coupled to the grid and do not provide ancillary services, such as primary frequency control, due to the lack of rotating inertia. This paper presents detailed models of a wind turbine with a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG). This model is used to test the feasibility of providing ancillary services by performing the pre-qualification test for primary frequency control, as established by the Belgian Transmission System Operator (TSO). These tests are conducted under 4 different wind profiles, each having a different level of turbulence.
Narender Singh; Jeroen D. M. De Kooning; Lieven Vandevelde. Simulation of the Primary Frequency Control Pre-Qualification Test for a 5MW Wind Turbine. 2020 IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition (T&D) 2020, 1 -5.
AMA StyleNarender Singh, Jeroen D. M. De Kooning, Lieven Vandevelde. Simulation of the Primary Frequency Control Pre-Qualification Test for a 5MW Wind Turbine. 2020 IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition (T&D). 2020; ():1-5.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNarender Singh; Jeroen D. M. De Kooning; Lieven Vandevelde. 2020. "Simulation of the Primary Frequency Control Pre-Qualification Test for a 5MW Wind Turbine." 2020 IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition (T&D) , no. : 1-5.
Photovoltaic (PV) installations located in the northern hemisphere must be oriented to the south in order to obtain maximal annual yield. This is mainly driven by the remuneration mechanisms which incentivize maximal energy production to a certain extent. Nowadays, such support mechanisms are declining or even phased out in many countries. Hence, self-consuming the produced energy is getting more viable. In order to match better the load demand pattern, the azimuth angle of a PV installation could be changed or oriented towards multiple directions. This article investigates the benefits of PV installations facing other directionsthan the south. Therefore, the Hay & Davies transposition model has been used to calculate the in-plane irradiance, as it is found in the literature to be the most accurate for non-south faced PV installations. In order to determine the benefit, a large dataset of real measured consumption profiles has been used and then divided according to their annual consumption. Large consumers with an oversized east/west-oriented PV installation especially take advantage. The self-sufficiency index (SSI) is found to increase with almost 0.94 percent points, while the self-consumption index (SCI) increases with 6.46 percent points. The peak reduction is assessed by calculating the annual moving average of the month peaks. It is found that this moving average month peak reduction is marginal. Lastly, the reduction in storage capacity is found to be not that significant, although in terms of battery utilization it is found that the number of discharge cycles is reduced with 6%.
Hakim Azaioud; Jan Desmet; Lieven Vandevelde. Benefit Evaluation of PV Orientation for Individual Residential Consumers. Energies 2020, 13, 5122 .
AMA StyleHakim Azaioud, Jan Desmet, Lieven Vandevelde. Benefit Evaluation of PV Orientation for Individual Residential Consumers. Energies. 2020; 13 (19):5122.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHakim Azaioud; Jan Desmet; Lieven Vandevelde. 2020. "Benefit Evaluation of PV Orientation for Individual Residential Consumers." Energies 13, no. 19: 5122.
Similar to many other Western countries, Belgium has committed to internationally set climate goals, such as the reduction in primary energy consumption and the increase in the share of renewable energy production in the total energy mix. Additionally, Belgium has decided to phase out its nuclear energy production, the nation’s largest source of low carbon electricity. In this paper, the role of Belgian business parks and industrial clusters in contributing to the climate goals is investigated, based on the experiences of the authors on several business parks and industrial clusters. The concepts of cogeneration, advanced thermal grids, and local energy communities are discussed and applied on pilot clusters. Their effectiveness towards achieving the climate goals is evaluated, and finally, some policy recommendations are proposed. The results are based on the Belgian situation but are valid for other countries facing similar challenges.
Joannes Laveyne; Jens Baetens; Greet Van Eetvelde; Lieven Vandevelde. Addressing the Challenges of a Nuclear Phase-Out with Energy Synergies on Business Parks. Proceedings 2020, 58, 22 .
AMA StyleJoannes Laveyne, Jens Baetens, Greet Van Eetvelde, Lieven Vandevelde. Addressing the Challenges of a Nuclear Phase-Out with Energy Synergies on Business Parks. Proceedings. 2020; 58 (1):22.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJoannes Laveyne; Jens Baetens; Greet Van Eetvelde; Lieven Vandevelde. 2020. "Addressing the Challenges of a Nuclear Phase-Out with Energy Synergies on Business Parks." Proceedings 58, no. 1: 22.
This article investigates the impact of the pitch-to-stall and pitch-to-feather control concepts on horizontal axis wind turbines (HAWTs) with different blade designs. Pitch-to-feather control is widely used to limit the power output of wind turbines in high wind speed conditions. However, stall control has not been taken forward in the industry because of the low predictability of stalled rotor aerodynamics. Despite this drawback, this article investigates the possible advantages of this control concept when compared to pitch-to-feather control with an emphasis on the control performance and its impact on the pitch mechanism and structural loads. In this study, three HAWTs with different blade designs, i.e., untwisted, stall-regulated, and pitch-regulated blades, are investigated. The control system is validated in both uniform and turbulent wind speed. The results show that pitch-to-stall control enhances the constant power control for wind turbines with untwisted and stall-regulated blade designs. Stall control alleviates the fore-aft tower loading and the blades flapwise moment of the wind turbine with stall-regulated blades in uniform winds. However, in turbulent winds, the flapwise moment increases to a certain extent as compared to pitch-to-feather control. Moreover, pitch-to-stall control considerably reduces the summed blade pitch movement, despite that it increases the risk of surface damage in the rolling bearings due to oscillating movements with a small amplitude.
Arash E. Samani; Jeroen D. M. De Kooning; Nezmin Kayedpour; Narender Singh; Lieven Vandevelde. The Impact of Pitch-To-Stall and Pitch-To-Feather Control on the Structural Loads and the Pitch Mechanism of a Wind Turbine. Energies 2020, 13, 4503 .
AMA StyleArash E. Samani, Jeroen D. M. De Kooning, Nezmin Kayedpour, Narender Singh, Lieven Vandevelde. The Impact of Pitch-To-Stall and Pitch-To-Feather Control on the Structural Loads and the Pitch Mechanism of a Wind Turbine. Energies. 2020; 13 (17):4503.
Chicago/Turabian StyleArash E. Samani; Jeroen D. M. De Kooning; Nezmin Kayedpour; Narender Singh; Lieven Vandevelde. 2020. "The Impact of Pitch-To-Stall and Pitch-To-Feather Control on the Structural Loads and the Pitch Mechanism of a Wind Turbine." Energies 13, no. 17: 4503.
The imbalance settlement procedure is an important part of the electricity system. A financial incentive ensures that Balance Responsible Parties (BRPs) help to balance the grid. A European Guideline on Electricity Balancing (EBGL) strives at implementing a full single imbalance pricing methodology for imbalance markets in Europe. In this work the implications on industrial consumers are investigated. It is shown that when a single imbalance pricing methodology is implemented, no financial incentives exists to keep a balanced position in the BRP portfolio. Over or under nomination is shown to be only interesting when a significant difference exists between the imbalance price and the electricity sourcing price. Under the EBGL guideline it is strived at to value electricity as close-to-real-time as possible, sourcing electricity on the Day Ahead Market (DAM) would thus result in only minor differences to the imbalances prices. The recent updated rules on the Belgian imbalance settlement procedure incentivise even more the real-time steering of power to support the overall SI. It is discussed that only specific industrial processes are able to valorise their flexibility in an imbalance market with such a single imbalance pricing methodology. Others are only fit to be scheduled and not controlled in real-time.
Jens Baetens; Joannes Laveyne; Greet Van Eetvelde; Lieven Vandevelde. Imbalance Pricing Methodology in Belgium: Implications for Industrial Consumers. 2020 17th International Conference on the European Energy Market (EEM) 2020, 1 -6.
AMA StyleJens Baetens, Joannes Laveyne, Greet Van Eetvelde, Lieven Vandevelde. Imbalance Pricing Methodology in Belgium: Implications for Industrial Consumers. 2020 17th International Conference on the European Energy Market (EEM). 2020; ():1-6.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJens Baetens; Joannes Laveyne; Greet Van Eetvelde; Lieven Vandevelde. 2020. "Imbalance Pricing Methodology in Belgium: Implications for Industrial Consumers." 2020 17th International Conference on the European Energy Market (EEM) , no. : 1-6.
Amongst power converters, rectifiers are needed by many devices that are connected at the distribution end of AC electrical power networks. When large capacitors are used to reduce the voltage ripple at the dc output, the line current becomes non-sinusoidal. Such non-sinusoidal line currents increase the total harmonic distortion, resulting in significant power losses within the power network. The power factor correction converter or PFC converter is a well-known alternative to generate a flat dc voltage while shaping the input current to the input ac grid voltage, emulating a resistive behavior. As the parallel connection of PFC converters is a promising way to achieve a higher power rating, questions arise on balancing the current and power over these connected converters. In this paper, based on the differential equations of a buck-boost converter, a method is obtained to compute the duty cycles of the semiconductor devices aimed at obtaining the unity power factor while balancing the current. Feed-forward algorithms are used to tune the model parameters in order to strongly reduce the input current harmonics. The proposed scheme is simulated in MATLAB and results are given showing that the proposed algorithms result in a good power factor correction.
Khalid Javed; Lieven Vandevelde; Frederik De Belie. Feed-Forward Control Method for Digital Power Factor Correction in Parallel Connected Buck-Boost Converter (CCM Mode). 2020 International Symposium on Power Electronics, Electrical Drives, Automation and Motion (SPEEDAM) 2020, 827 -831.
AMA StyleKhalid Javed, Lieven Vandevelde, Frederik De Belie. Feed-Forward Control Method for Digital Power Factor Correction in Parallel Connected Buck-Boost Converter (CCM Mode). 2020 International Symposium on Power Electronics, Electrical Drives, Automation and Motion (SPEEDAM). 2020; ():827-831.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKhalid Javed; Lieven Vandevelde; Frederik De Belie. 2020. "Feed-Forward Control Method for Digital Power Factor Correction in Parallel Connected Buck-Boost Converter (CCM Mode)." 2020 International Symposium on Power Electronics, Electrical Drives, Automation and Motion (SPEEDAM) , no. : 827-831.
In a decarbonised economy, hydrogen could be a promising energy carrier, mainly for the transportation sector. Using hydrogen-filled vehicles can decrease air pollution and greenhouse gas emission. One of the requirements for the implementation of hydrogen as a fuel for the transportation sector is a focus on the optimal design of hydrogen refuelling stations. In this work, a model was developed to study and optimise the performance of a hydrogen refuelling station located in Belgium. To maximise the total annual profits, the capacity of each subcomponent for a hydrogen refuelling station, including the electrolyser, compressor and storage, was optimised. The effect of participation in the reserve market on the economic feasibility of the hydrogen refuelling station was studied as well. The simulation was established by realistic data from the Belgian electricity market. The analysis showed that the price of both hydrogen and electricity notably affect the economic viability. Besides, results confirmed that the economic feasibility could be enhanced through participation in the reserve market.
Akbar Dadkhah; Dimitar Bozalakov; Jeroen D. M. De Kooning; Lieven Vandevelde. Optimal Sizing and Economic Analysis of a Hydrogen Refuelling Station Providing Frequency Containment Reserve. 2020 IEEE International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering and 2020 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Europe (EEEIC / I&CPS Europe) 2020, 1 -6.
AMA StyleAkbar Dadkhah, Dimitar Bozalakov, Jeroen D. M. De Kooning, Lieven Vandevelde. Optimal Sizing and Economic Analysis of a Hydrogen Refuelling Station Providing Frequency Containment Reserve. 2020 IEEE International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering and 2020 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Europe (EEEIC / I&CPS Europe). 2020; ():1-6.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAkbar Dadkhah; Dimitar Bozalakov; Jeroen D. M. De Kooning; Lieven Vandevelde. 2020. "Optimal Sizing and Economic Analysis of a Hydrogen Refuelling Station Providing Frequency Containment Reserve." 2020 IEEE International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering and 2020 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Europe (EEEIC / I&CPS Europe) , no. : 1-6.