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Noroviruses are considered an important cause of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) across all age groups. Here, we investigated the incidence of norovirus, genotypes circulation, and norovirus shedding in AGE stool samples from outpatients in Brazil. During a two-year period, 1546 AGE stool samples from ten Brazilian states were analyzed by RT-qPCR to detect and quantify GI and GII noroviruses. Positive samples were genotyped by dual sequencing using the ORF1/2 junction region. Overall, we detected norovirus in 32.1% of samples, with a massive predominance of GII viruses (89.1%). We also observed a significant difference between the median viral load of norovirus GI (3.4×105 GC/g of stool) and GII (1.9×107 GC/g). The most affected age group was children aged between 6 and 24 m old, and norovirus infection was detected throughout the year without marked seasonality. Phylogenetic analysis of partial RdRp and VP1 regions identified six and 11 genotype combinations of GI and GII, respectively. GII.4 Sydney[P16] was by far the predominant genotype (47.6%), followed by GII.2[P16], GII.4 Sydney[P31], and GII.6[P7]. We detected, for the first time in Brazil, the intergenogroup recombinant genotype GIX.1[GII.P15]. Our study contributes to the knowledge of norovirus genotypes circulation at the national level, reinforcing the importance of molecular surveillance programs for future vaccine designs.
Sylvia Kahwage Sarmento; Juliana Da Silva Ribeiro De Andrade; Marize Pereira Miagostovich; Tulio Machado Fumian. Virological and Epidemiological Features of Norovirus Infections in Brazil, 2017–2018. Viruses 2021, 13, 1724 .
AMA StyleSylvia Kahwage Sarmento, Juliana Da Silva Ribeiro De Andrade, Marize Pereira Miagostovich, Tulio Machado Fumian. Virological and Epidemiological Features of Norovirus Infections in Brazil, 2017–2018. Viruses. 2021; 13 (9):1724.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSylvia Kahwage Sarmento; Juliana Da Silva Ribeiro De Andrade; Marize Pereira Miagostovich; Tulio Machado Fumian. 2021. "Virological and Epidemiological Features of Norovirus Infections in Brazil, 2017–2018." Viruses 13, no. 9: 1724.
Worldwide, rotavirus (RVA) and norovirus are considered major etiological agents of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in pediatric population admitted to hospitals. This study describes the investigation of nosocomial infections caused by emergent RVA and norovirus strains reported at a pediatric hospital in southern Brazil in May 2019. This outbreak affected 30 people among children and adults. Nine stool samples (eight children and one nurse) were obtained and analyzed by RT-qPCR to detect and quantify RVA and norovirus. Positive samples were genotyped by sequencing and subjected to phylogenetic analysis. We detected RVA in 44.4% (4/9) and norovirus in 55.5% (5/9) at high viral loads, ranging from 3.5 × 107 to 6.1 × 107 and 3.2 × 102 to 3.2 × 109 genome copies/g of stool, respectively. Co-infections were not observed. RVA VP4 and VP7 gene sequencing in combination with polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis identified the circulation of equine-like G3P[8] DS-1-like, and the partial sequencing of the other nine genes revealed that strains possessed I2-R2-C2-M2-A2-N1-T2-E2-H2 genotype background. The emergent recombinant norovirus variant, GII.4 Sydney[P16], was identified by ORF1-2 sequencing. Active surveillance and effective prevention measures should be constantly reinforced to avoid the spread of nosocomial viral infections into hospitals, which could severely affect pediatric patients admitted with underlying health conditions.
Meylin B. Gutierrez; Mirza Rocha de Figueiredo; Alexandre Madi Fialho; Carina Pacheco Cantelli; Marize Pereira Miagostovich; Tulio Machado Fumian. Nosocomial acute gastroenteritis outbreak caused by an equine-like G3P[8] DS-1-like rotavirus and GII.4 Sydney[P16] norovirus at a pediatric hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2019. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics 2021, 1 -7.
AMA StyleMeylin B. Gutierrez, Mirza Rocha de Figueiredo, Alexandre Madi Fialho, Carina Pacheco Cantelli, Marize Pereira Miagostovich, Tulio Machado Fumian. Nosocomial acute gastroenteritis outbreak caused by an equine-like G3P[8] DS-1-like rotavirus and GII.4 Sydney[P16] norovirus at a pediatric hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2019. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics. 2021; ():1-7.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMeylin B. Gutierrez; Mirza Rocha de Figueiredo; Alexandre Madi Fialho; Carina Pacheco Cantelli; Marize Pereira Miagostovich; Tulio Machado Fumian. 2021. "Nosocomial acute gastroenteritis outbreak caused by an equine-like G3P[8] DS-1-like rotavirus and GII.4 Sydney[P16] norovirus at a pediatric hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2019." Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics , no. : 1-7.
Feline calicivirus (FCV) causes upper respiratory tract disease (URTD) and sporadic outbreaks of virulent systemic disease (FCV-VSD). The basis for the increased pathogenicity of FCV-VSD viruses is incompletely understood, and antivirals for FCV have yet to be developed. We investigated the clinicoepidemiology and viral features of three FCV-VSD outbreaks in Australia and evaluated the in vitro efficacy of nitazoxanide (NTZ), 2’-C-methylcytidine (2CMC) and NITD-008 against FCV-VSD viruses. Overall mortality among 23 cases of FCV-VSD was 39%. Metagenomic sequencing identified five genetically distinct FCV lineages within the three outbreaks, all seemingly evolving in situ in Australia. Notably, no mutations that clearly distinguished FCV-URTD from FCV-VSD phenotypes were identified. One FCV-URTD strain likely originated from a recombination event. Analysis of seven amino acid residues from the hypervariable E region of the capsid in the cultured viruses provided no support for the contention that properties of these residues can reliably differentiate between the two pathotypes. On plaque reduction assays, dose-response inhibition of FCV-VSD was obtained with all antivirals at low micromolar concentrations; NTZ EC50, 0.4-0.6 µM, TI 21; 2CMC EC50, 2.7-5.3 µM, TI >18; NITD-008, 0.5 to 0.9 µM, TI >111. Investigation of these antivirals for treatment of FCV-VSD is warranted.
Matteo Bordicchia; Tulio Machado Fumian; Kate Van Brussel; Alice G. Russo; Maura Carrai; Shi-Jia Le; Patricia A. Pesavento; Edward C. Holmes; Vito Martella; Peter White; Julia A. Beatty; Mang Shi; Vanessa R. Barrs. Feline Calicivirus Virulent Systemic Disease: Clinical Epidemiology, Analysis of Viral Isolates and in vitro Efficacy of Novel Antivirals in Australian Outbreaks. 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleMatteo Bordicchia, Tulio Machado Fumian, Kate Van Brussel, Alice G. Russo, Maura Carrai, Shi-Jia Le, Patricia A. Pesavento, Edward C. Holmes, Vito Martella, Peter White, Julia A. Beatty, Mang Shi, Vanessa R. Barrs. Feline Calicivirus Virulent Systemic Disease: Clinical Epidemiology, Analysis of Viral Isolates and in vitro Efficacy of Novel Antivirals in Australian Outbreaks. . 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMatteo Bordicchia; Tulio Machado Fumian; Kate Van Brussel; Alice G. Russo; Maura Carrai; Shi-Jia Le; Patricia A. Pesavento; Edward C. Holmes; Vito Martella; Peter White; Julia A. Beatty; Mang Shi; Vanessa R. Barrs. 2021. "Feline Calicivirus Virulent Systemic Disease: Clinical Epidemiology, Analysis of Viral Isolates and in vitro Efficacy of Novel Antivirals in Australian Outbreaks." , no. : 1.
Norovirus is a major cause of foodborne-associated acute gastroenteritis (AGE) outbreaks worldwide. Usually, food products are contaminated either during harvesting or preparation, and the most common products associated to norovirus outbreaks are raw or undercooked bivalve shellfish, fruits (frozen berries) and ready-to-eat produce. In the present study, we investigated an AGE outbreak caused by norovirus associated with the consumption of ice pops in southern Brazil. Clinical stool samples from patients and ice pops samples were collected and analyzed for viruses’ detection. By using RT-qPCR and sequencing, we detected the uncommon genotype GII.12[P16] in clinical samples and GII.12 in samples of ice pop. Strains shared identity of 100% at nucleotide level strongly suggesting the consumption of ice pops as the source of the outbreak.
Tulio Machado Fumian; Fernando César Ferreira; Juliana Da Silva Ribeiro De Andrade; Natália Canal; Gabriela Silva Gomes; Lilian Borges Teixeira; Marize Pereira Miagostovich. Norovirus Foodborne Outbreak Associated With the Consumption of Ice Pop, Southern Brazil, 2020. Food and Environmental Virology 2021, 1 -7.
AMA StyleTulio Machado Fumian, Fernando César Ferreira, Juliana Da Silva Ribeiro De Andrade, Natália Canal, Gabriela Silva Gomes, Lilian Borges Teixeira, Marize Pereira Miagostovich. Norovirus Foodborne Outbreak Associated With the Consumption of Ice Pop, Southern Brazil, 2020. Food and Environmental Virology. 2021; ():1-7.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTulio Machado Fumian; Fernando César Ferreira; Juliana Da Silva Ribeiro De Andrade; Natália Canal; Gabriela Silva Gomes; Lilian Borges Teixeira; Marize Pereira Miagostovich. 2021. "Norovirus Foodborne Outbreak Associated With the Consumption of Ice Pop, Southern Brazil, 2020." Food and Environmental Virology , no. : 1-7.
Verify the frequency of viruses causing acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in association with the histo blood group antigen (HBGA) and the Rotarix™ vaccination coverage in children from the Amazon region. Fecal and saliva samples were collected from children with AGE (n = 485) and acute respiratory infection (ARI) (n = 249) clinical symptoms. Rotavirus A (RVA), norovirus, human adenovirus (HAdV) and sapovirus (SaV) were verified in feces by molecular detection. Saliva samples were used for HBGA phenotyping/FUT3 genotyping. Blood group types, clinical aspects and Rotarix™ RVA vaccination data were recorded. Norovirus remained the most prevalently detected causer of AGE (38%, 184/485 and ARI 21.3%; 53/249). High HAdV frequencies were observed in AGE children (28.6%, 139/485) and ARI children (37.3%, 93/249). RVA was the third most prevalent virus causing AGE (22.7%; 110/485 and ARI 19.3%; 48/249) and a low RV1 coverage (61%, 448/734) was verified. The SaV frequencies were lower (7.2%, 35/485 for AGE and 6.8%; 17/249 for ARI). Secretor children were HBGA susceptible to HAdV infection (Odds ratio 1.5, 95% CI 1.0 to 2.3,p 0.04) but not to RVA, norovirus or SaV infection. Norovirus could be considered the main etiological agent of AGE. No association was verified for HBGA susceptibility to RVA, norovirus and SaV. Secretor children showed a slight susceptibility to HAdV infection and the Le (a-b-) heterogeneous SNPs on theFUT3 gene.
Alberto Ignacio Olivares Olivares; Gabriel Azevedo Alves Leitão; Yan Cardoso Pimenta; Carina Pacheco Cantelli; Tulio Machado Fumian; Alexandre Madi Fialho; Sergio Da Silva E Mouta; Isabella Fernandes Delgado; Johan Nordgren; Lennart Svensson; Marize Pereira Miagostovich; José Paulo Gagliardi Leite; Marcia Terezinha Baroni de Moraes. Epidemiology of enteric virus infections in children living in the Amazon region. International Journal of Infectious Diseases 2021, 108, 494 -502.
AMA StyleAlberto Ignacio Olivares Olivares, Gabriel Azevedo Alves Leitão, Yan Cardoso Pimenta, Carina Pacheco Cantelli, Tulio Machado Fumian, Alexandre Madi Fialho, Sergio Da Silva E Mouta, Isabella Fernandes Delgado, Johan Nordgren, Lennart Svensson, Marize Pereira Miagostovich, José Paulo Gagliardi Leite, Marcia Terezinha Baroni de Moraes. Epidemiology of enteric virus infections in children living in the Amazon region. International Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2021; 108 ():494-502.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlberto Ignacio Olivares Olivares; Gabriel Azevedo Alves Leitão; Yan Cardoso Pimenta; Carina Pacheco Cantelli; Tulio Machado Fumian; Alexandre Madi Fialho; Sergio Da Silva E Mouta; Isabella Fernandes Delgado; Johan Nordgren; Lennart Svensson; Marize Pereira Miagostovich; José Paulo Gagliardi Leite; Marcia Terezinha Baroni de Moraes. 2021. "Epidemiology of enteric virus infections in children living in the Amazon region." International Journal of Infectious Diseases 108, no. : 494-502.
We described the detection of SARS‐CoV‐2 in stool samples from patients presenting only acute gastroenteritis (AGE) symptoms. From January to July 2020, 121 AGE stool samples were screened by RT‐qPCR. We detected SARS‐CoV‐2 in 27.5% of samples received during the epidemic period. No infectious viruses were observed in Vero E6 cells. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Tulio Machado Fumian; Fábio Correia Malta; Débora Regina Lopes dos Santos; Alex Pauvolid‐Corrêa; Alexandre Madi Fialho; José Paulo Gagliardi Leite; Marize Pereira Miagostovich. SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA detection in stool samples from acute gastroenteritis cases, Brazil. Journal of Medical Virology 2021, 93, 2543 -2547.
AMA StyleTulio Machado Fumian, Fábio Correia Malta, Débora Regina Lopes dos Santos, Alex Pauvolid‐Corrêa, Alexandre Madi Fialho, José Paulo Gagliardi Leite, Marize Pereira Miagostovich. SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA detection in stool samples from acute gastroenteritis cases, Brazil. Journal of Medical Virology. 2021; 93 (4):2543-2547.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTulio Machado Fumian; Fábio Correia Malta; Débora Regina Lopes dos Santos; Alex Pauvolid‐Corrêa; Alexandre Madi Fialho; José Paulo Gagliardi Leite; Marize Pereira Miagostovich. 2021. "SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA detection in stool samples from acute gastroenteritis cases, Brazil." Journal of Medical Virology 93, no. 4: 2543-2547.
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) has been applied as a complementary approach for spatial tracking of coronavirus disease 2019 cases (COVID-19) as well as early warning of the occurrence of infected populations. The present study presents the result of the monitoring of sanitary sewerage in the municipality of Niterói, a metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) and its use as a complementary indicator in the surveillance of COVID-19 cases, thus assisting actions of public health from local authorities. Twelve composite raw sewage samples were weekly collected from two wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and alternately from 17 sewer pipes (SP) from surrounding neighbourhoods and slums throughout 20 weeks (April 15th to August 25th, 2020). Two hundred twenty-three samples were concentrated using the ultracentrifugation-based method and SARS-CoV-2 RNA detected and quantified by RT-qPCR using primers and probe targeting the N2 genome. SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in 84.3% (188/223) of samples with a positive rate ranging from 42% (5/12) in the first week of monitoring to 100% during the peak of epidemic with viral concentration ranging from 3.1 to 7.1 log10 genome copies /100 mL throughout the studied period. Positive rates were higher in WWTPs when compared to SP, being useful tool for monitoring trends in the evolution of the COVID-19 curve, while SP data were more effective when health public interventions were needed. Whole-genome sequencing using Illumina MiSeq System confirmed the lineage of three genomes as B.1.1.33 (clade G) containing the nucleotide substitutions observed in strains that circulate in the Rio de Janeiro during the period of this study. In addition, geoprocessing tool was used to build heat maps based on SARS-CoV-2 data from sewage samples, which were weekly updated and available online to the general population as an indicator of the ongoing epidemic situation in Niterói city, raising public awareness.
Tatiana Prado; Tulio Machado Fumian; Camille Ferreira Mannarino; Paola Cristina Resende; Fernando Couto Motta; Ana Lucia Fontes Eppinghaus; Vitor Hugo Chagas Do Vale; Ricardo Marinho Soares Braz; Juliana Da Silva Ribeiro De Andrade; Adriana Gonçalves Maranhão; Marize Pereira Miagostovich. Wastewater-based epidemiology as a useful tool to track SARS-CoV-2 and support public health policies at municipal level in Brazil. Water Research 2021, 191, 116810 -116810.
AMA StyleTatiana Prado, Tulio Machado Fumian, Camille Ferreira Mannarino, Paola Cristina Resende, Fernando Couto Motta, Ana Lucia Fontes Eppinghaus, Vitor Hugo Chagas Do Vale, Ricardo Marinho Soares Braz, Juliana Da Silva Ribeiro De Andrade, Adriana Gonçalves Maranhão, Marize Pereira Miagostovich. Wastewater-based epidemiology as a useful tool to track SARS-CoV-2 and support public health policies at municipal level in Brazil. Water Research. 2021; 191 ():116810-116810.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTatiana Prado; Tulio Machado Fumian; Camille Ferreira Mannarino; Paola Cristina Resende; Fernando Couto Motta; Ana Lucia Fontes Eppinghaus; Vitor Hugo Chagas Do Vale; Ricardo Marinho Soares Braz; Juliana Da Silva Ribeiro De Andrade; Adriana Gonçalves Maranhão; Marize Pereira Miagostovich. 2021. "Wastewater-based epidemiology as a useful tool to track SARS-CoV-2 and support public health policies at municipal level in Brazil." Water Research 191, no. : 116810-116810.
Human bocavirus (HBoV) is an emerging virus and has been detected worldwide, especially in pediatric patients with respiratory and gastrointestinal infection. In this study, we describe HBoV prevalence, genotypes circulation and DNA shedding, in stool samples from children up to two years of age in Brazil. During 2016 and 2017, 886 acute gastroenteritis (AGE) stool samples from ten Brazilian states were analyzed by TaqMan®-based qPCR, to detect and quantify HBoV. Positive samples were genotyped by sequencing the VP1/2 overlap region, followed by phylogenetic analysis and co-infections were accessed by screening other gastroenteric viruses. HBoV was detected in 12.4% (n = 110) of samples, with viral load ranging from 1.6 × 102 to 1.2 × 109 genome copies per gram of stool. From these, co-infections were found in 79.1%, and a statistically lower HBoV viral load was found compared to viral loads of rotavirus, norovirus and adenovirus in double infected patients (p < 0.05). No significant differences were found between HBoV viral load in single or co-infections, age groups or genotypes. Phylogenetic analysis identified the circulation of HBoV-1 in 38%, HBoV-2 in 40% and HBoV-3 in 22%. Continuous HBoV monitoring is needed to clarify its role in diarrhea disease, especially in the absence of classic gastroenteric viruses.
Fábio Correia Malta; Rafael Brandão Varella; Maria Angelica Arpon Marandino Guimarães; Marize Pereira Miagostovich; Tulio Machado Fumian. Human Bocavirus in Brazil: Molecular Epidemiology, Viral Load and Co-Infections. Pathogens 2020, 9, 645 .
AMA StyleFábio Correia Malta, Rafael Brandão Varella, Maria Angelica Arpon Marandino Guimarães, Marize Pereira Miagostovich, Tulio Machado Fumian. Human Bocavirus in Brazil: Molecular Epidemiology, Viral Load and Co-Infections. Pathogens. 2020; 9 (8):645.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFábio Correia Malta; Rafael Brandão Varella; Maria Angelica Arpon Marandino Guimarães; Marize Pereira Miagostovich; Tulio Machado Fumian. 2020. "Human Bocavirus in Brazil: Molecular Epidemiology, Viral Load and Co-Infections." Pathogens 9, no. 8: 645.
Rotavirus A (RVA) vaccines succeeded in lowering the burden of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) worldwide, especially preventing severe disease and mortality. In 2019, Brazil completed 13 years of RVA vaccine implementation (Rotarix™) within the National Immunization Program (NIP), and as reported elsewhere, the use of Rotarix™ in the country has reduced childhood mortality and morbidity due to AGE. Even though both marketed vaccines are widely distributed, the surveillance of RVA causing AGE and the monitoring of circulating genotypes are important tools to keep tracking the epidemiological scenario and vaccines impact. Thus, our study investigated RVA epidemiological features, viral load and G and P genotypes circulation in children and adults presenting AGE symptoms in eleven states from three out of five regions in Brazil. By using TaqMan®-based one-step RT-qPCR, we investigated a total of 1536 stool samples collected from symptomatic inpatients, emergency department visits and outpatients from January 2018 to December 2019. G and P genotypes of RVA-positive samples were genetically characterized by multiplex RT-PCR or by nearly complete fragment sequencing. We detected RVA in 12% of samples, 10.5% in 2018 and 13.7% in 2019. A marked winter/spring seasonality was observed, especially in Southern Brazil. The most affected age group was children aged >24–60 months, with a positivity rate of 18.8% (p < 0.05). Evaluating shedding, we found a statistically lower RVA viral load in stool samples collected from children aged up to six months compared to the other age groups (p < 0.05). The genotype G3P[8] was the most prevalent during the two years (83.7% in 2018 and 65.5% in 2019), and nucleotide sequencing of some strains demonstrated that they belonged to the emergent equine-like G3P[8] genotype. The dominance of an emergent genotype causing AGE reinforces the need for continuous epidemiological surveillance to assess the impact of mass RVA immunization as well as to monitor the emergence of novel genotypes.
Meylin Bautista Gutierrez; Alexandre Madi Fialho; Adriana Gonçalves Maranhão; Fábio Correia Malta; Juliana Da Silva Ribeiro De Andrade; Rosane Maria Santos De Assis; Sérgio Da Silva E Mouta; Marize Pereira Miagostovich; José Paulo Gagliardi Leite; Tulio Machado Fumian. Rotavirus A in Brazil: Molecular Epidemiology and Surveillance during 2018–2019. Pathogens 2020, 9, 515 .
AMA StyleMeylin Bautista Gutierrez, Alexandre Madi Fialho, Adriana Gonçalves Maranhão, Fábio Correia Malta, Juliana Da Silva Ribeiro De Andrade, Rosane Maria Santos De Assis, Sérgio Da Silva E Mouta, Marize Pereira Miagostovich, José Paulo Gagliardi Leite, Tulio Machado Fumian. Rotavirus A in Brazil: Molecular Epidemiology and Surveillance during 2018–2019. Pathogens. 2020; 9 (7):515.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMeylin Bautista Gutierrez; Alexandre Madi Fialho; Adriana Gonçalves Maranhão; Fábio Correia Malta; Juliana Da Silva Ribeiro De Andrade; Rosane Maria Santos De Assis; Sérgio Da Silva E Mouta; Marize Pereira Miagostovich; José Paulo Gagliardi Leite; Tulio Machado Fumian. 2020. "Rotavirus A in Brazil: Molecular Epidemiology and Surveillance during 2018–2019." Pathogens 9, no. 7: 515.
Noroviruses are the most common cause of gastroenteritis outbreaks in humans and bivalve shellfish consumption is a recognized route of infection. Our aim was to detect and characterize norovirus in bivalves from a coastal city of Brazil. Nucleic acid was extracted from the bivalve's digestive tissue concentrates using magnetic beads. From March 2018 to June 2019, 77 samples were screened using quantitative RT-PCR. Noroviruses were detected in 41.5%, with the GII being the most prevalent (37.7%). The highest viral load was 3.5 × 106 and 2.5 × 105 GC/g in oysters and mussels, respectively. PMA-treatment demonstrated that a large fraction of the detected norovirus corresponded to non-infectious particles. Genetic characterization showed the circulation of the GII.2[P16] and GII.4[P4] genotypes. Norovirus detection in bivalves reflects the anthropogenic impact on marine environment and serves as an early warning for the food-borne disease outbreaks resulting from the consumption of contaminated molluscs.
Sylvia Kahwage Sarmento; Caroline Rezende Guerra; Fábio Correia Malta; Ricardo Coutinho; Marize Pereira Miagostovich; Tulio Machado Fumian. Human norovirus detection in bivalve shellfish in Brazil and evaluation of viral infectivity using PMA treatment. Marine Pollution Bulletin 2020, 157, 111315 .
AMA StyleSylvia Kahwage Sarmento, Caroline Rezende Guerra, Fábio Correia Malta, Ricardo Coutinho, Marize Pereira Miagostovich, Tulio Machado Fumian. Human norovirus detection in bivalve shellfish in Brazil and evaluation of viral infectivity using PMA treatment. Marine Pollution Bulletin. 2020; 157 ():111315.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSylvia Kahwage Sarmento; Caroline Rezende Guerra; Fábio Correia Malta; Ricardo Coutinho; Marize Pereira Miagostovich; Tulio Machado Fumian. 2020. "Human norovirus detection in bivalve shellfish in Brazil and evaluation of viral infectivity using PMA treatment." Marine Pollution Bulletin 157, no. : 111315.
Noroviruses are a leading cause of epidemic and pandemic acute gastroenteritis (AGE) worldwide, and contaminated food and water are important routes for its transmission. Raw sewage has been used for viral surveillance to monitor the emergence of new norovirus strains with the potential to cause epidemics. In this study, we investigated norovirus occurrence and norovirus RNA levels in 156 samples collected from May 2013 to May 2014, across three different stages (52 samples each) of a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. We also explored norovirus GII diversity in raw sewage samples by next-sequencing generation (NGS). In addition, we examined norovirus prevalence and molecular epidemiology from acute gastroenteritis cases. Using RT-qPCR, norovirus GI and GII was detected in 38.5% and 96.1% of raw sewage samples, 40.4% and 96.1% of primary effluent samples and 1.9% and 5.8% of final effluent samples, respectively. Norovirus RNA levels varied from 4 to 6.2 log genome copies per litre (gc L) for GI and from 4.4 to 7.3 log gc L for GII. Using MiSeq NGS, we identified 13 norovirus genotypes over the one-year period, with six dominant capsid genotypes, including GII.4, GII.17, GII.5, GII.2, GII.3 and GII.1. GII.4 noroviruses were the most prevalent in wastewater samples (68.5%), and a similar trend was observed in AGE cases (71%). The emergent GII.17 was the second most prevalent genotype (14.3%) identified in the raw sewage samples, however, it was not detected in clinical cases. Due to the high burden of norovirus outbreaks and the lack of vaccine and antiviral drugs, it is essential to understand the genotypic diversity of norovirus at the population level. Complementary data obtained from both clinical and environmental (sewage) samples proved to be an effective strategy to monitor the circulation and emergence of norovirus epidemic genotypes.
Tulio M. Fumian; Julia M. Fioretti; Jennifer H. Lun; Ingrid A.L. Dos Santos; Peter White; Marize P. Miagostovich. Detection of norovirus epidemic genotypes in raw sewage using next generation sequencing. Environment International 2019, 123, 282 -291.
AMA StyleTulio M. Fumian, Julia M. Fioretti, Jennifer H. Lun, Ingrid A.L. Dos Santos, Peter White, Marize P. Miagostovich. Detection of norovirus epidemic genotypes in raw sewage using next generation sequencing. Environment International. 2019; 123 ():282-291.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTulio M. Fumian; Julia M. Fioretti; Jennifer H. Lun; Ingrid A.L. Dos Santos; Peter White; Marize P. Miagostovich. 2019. "Detection of norovirus epidemic genotypes in raw sewage using next generation sequencing." Environment International 123, no. : 282-291.
Background and Objective: Norovirus (NoV) infections are known to have high-morbidity and mortality rates and are a major health problem globally. The impact of NoV on child development is, however, poorly understood. We evaluated the distribution of NoV genotypes in children from a low-income Brazilian semiarid region, in relation with their clinical symptoms, nutritional status, and co-pathogens. Methods: The test population included children aged 2 to 36 months from 6 cities of the Brazilian semiarid region. Fecal samples were collected from each child, along with the information regarding their socioeconomic/clinical conditions using a standardized questionnaire. Detection and quantification of NoV were performed by reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction, followed by molecular and phylogenetic analyses. Results: The NoV detection rate was 45.2%. Presence of NoV was associated with lower z scores for weight-for-age (P = 0.03), weight-for-height (P = 0.03), and body mass index-for-age (P = 0.03). NoV infection was associated with more frequent respiratory illnesses (P < 0.01). GII.P7 (polymerase) and GII.3 (capsid) were the most frequent NoV genotypes. Analysis of the open reading frame (ORF)1-2 junction identified recombinant NoV strains in 80% of the sequenced samples. Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli coinfection was the major predictor for diarrhea in NoV-positive samples (P < 0.02). Moreover, Shigella spp was also associated with NoV-positive diagnosis (P = 0.02). Conclusions: This study highlights the genetic variability of NoV and, associated co-infections and undernutrition in infants from low-income Brazilian semiarid region.
Rafhaella D.G. Gondim; Rafaela C. Pankov; Mara M.G. Prata; Pedro H.Q.S. Medeiros; Herlice N. Veras; Ana K.S. Santos; Lyvia M.C. Magalhães; Alexandre Havt; Tulio M. Fumian; Marize P. Miagostovich; José P.G. Leite; Aldo A.M. Lima. Genetic Diversity of Norovirus Infections, Coinfections, and Undernutrition in Children From Brazilian Semiarid Region. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology & Nutrition 2018, 67, e117 -e122.
AMA StyleRafhaella D.G. Gondim, Rafaela C. Pankov, Mara M.G. Prata, Pedro H.Q.S. Medeiros, Herlice N. Veras, Ana K.S. Santos, Lyvia M.C. Magalhães, Alexandre Havt, Tulio M. Fumian, Marize P. Miagostovich, José P.G. Leite, Aldo A.M. Lima. Genetic Diversity of Norovirus Infections, Coinfections, and Undernutrition in Children From Brazilian Semiarid Region. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology & Nutrition. 2018; 67 (6):e117-e122.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRafhaella D.G. Gondim; Rafaela C. Pankov; Mara M.G. Prata; Pedro H.Q.S. Medeiros; Herlice N. Veras; Ana K.S. Santos; Lyvia M.C. Magalhães; Alexandre Havt; Tulio M. Fumian; Marize P. Miagostovich; José P.G. Leite; Aldo A.M. Lima. 2018. "Genetic Diversity of Norovirus Infections, Coinfections, and Undernutrition in Children From Brazilian Semiarid Region." Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology & Nutrition 67, no. 6: e117-e122.
Feline calicivirus (FCV) is a major cause of upper respiratory tract disease in cats, with widespread distribution in the feline population. Recently, virulent systemic diseases caused by FCV infection has been associated with mortality rates up to 50%. Currently, there are no direct-acting antivirals approved for the treatment of FCV infection. Here, we tested 15 compounds from different antiviral classes against FCV using in vitro protein and cell culture assays. After the expression of FCV protease-polymerase protein, we established two in vitro assays to assess the inhibitory activity of compounds directly against the FCV protease or polymerase. Using this recombinant enzyme, we identified quercetagetin and PPNDS as inhibitors of FCV polymerase activity (IC50 values of 2.8 μM and 2.7 μM, respectively). We also demonstrate the inhibition of FCV protease activity by GC376 (IC50 of 18 µM). Using cell culture assays, PPNDS, quercetagetin and GC376 did not display antivirals effects, however, we identified nitazoxanide and 2′-C-methylcytidine (2CMC) as potent inhibitors of FCV replication, with EC50 values in the low micromolar range (0.6 μM and 2.5 μM, respectively). In conclusion, we established two in vitro assays that will accelerate the research for FCV antivirals and can be used for the high-throughput screening of direct-acting antivirals.
Tulio M. Fumian; Daniel Enosi Tuipulotu; Natalie E. Netzler; Jennifer H. Lun; Alice G. Russo; Grace J. H. Yan; Peter A. White. Potential Therapeutic Agents for Feline Calicivirus Infection. Viruses 2018, 10, 433 .
AMA StyleTulio M. Fumian, Daniel Enosi Tuipulotu, Natalie E. Netzler, Jennifer H. Lun, Alice G. Russo, Grace J. H. Yan, Peter A. White. Potential Therapeutic Agents for Feline Calicivirus Infection. Viruses. 2018; 10 (8):433.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTulio M. Fumian; Daniel Enosi Tuipulotu; Natalie E. Netzler; Jennifer H. Lun; Alice G. Russo; Grace J. H. Yan; Peter A. White. 2018. "Potential Therapeutic Agents for Feline Calicivirus Infection." Viruses 10, no. 8: 433.
A newly GII.17 Kawazaki_2014 variant strain was detected recently in Brazil. Phylogenetic analysis reveals at least four independent introduction events of this lineage into this country that took place throughout 2014, coinciding with FIFA World Cup in Brazil, 2014, and Hong Kong has been identified as the most likely source of introduction. This variant emerged in Asia causing outbreaks and replacing prevalent GII.4. Emergence of GII.P17/GII.17 variant emphasizes the need for active laboratory surveillance for NoV including molecular epidemiology and studies on virus evolution.
Juliana S.R. Andrade; Tulio M. Fumian; José Paulo G. Leite; Matheus R. de Assis; Gonzalo Bello; Daiana Mir; Marize P. Miagostovich. Detection and molecular characterization of emergent GII.P17/GII.17 Norovirus in Brazil, 2015. Infection, Genetics and Evolution 2017, 51, 28 -32.
AMA StyleJuliana S.R. Andrade, Tulio M. Fumian, José Paulo G. Leite, Matheus R. de Assis, Gonzalo Bello, Daiana Mir, Marize P. Miagostovich. Detection and molecular characterization of emergent GII.P17/GII.17 Norovirus in Brazil, 2015. Infection, Genetics and Evolution. 2017; 51 ():28-32.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJuliana S.R. Andrade; Tulio M. Fumian; José Paulo G. Leite; Matheus R. de Assis; Gonzalo Bello; Daiana Mir; Marize P. Miagostovich. 2017. "Detection and molecular characterization of emergent GII.P17/GII.17 Norovirus in Brazil, 2015." Infection, Genetics and Evolution 51, no. : 28-32.
Return of treated sludge to the environment poses concerns and has stimulated the development of studies on viral monitoring in this matrix, in order to assess its potential risks for public health. Human adenovirus (HAdV) has been identified as a putative viral marker of faecal contamination due to its stability and resistance to the sewage treatment process. The aim of this study was to optimize the organic flocculation procedure in order to establish an appropriate methodology for HAdV recovery from sewage sludge samples. Four protocols (A-D) have been proposed, with changes in the initial sample dilution, in the stirring time and in the final concentration of skimmed-milk. A single sludge sample was obtained in Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) and divided into aliquots. In each protocol, three aliquots were inoculated with HAdV and bacteriophage PP7 and a non-inoculated one was used as negative control. Viral load and recovery rate were determined by quantitative PCR. HAdV recovery rate varied between the protocols tested (p=0.016) and the best result was obtained through the protocol C. In order to confirm this result a field study with activated, thickened and digested sludge samples was carried out. Different types of sludge were obtained in two WWTPs and processed using protocol C. HAdV was detected in all samples, with a similar or higher viral load than those obtained with other concentration techniques already applied to sludge. Protocol C proved to be really efficient, with the advantage of showing low cost and practicability in routine laboratories.
Andrêssa S.F. Assis; Marcelo Henrique Otenio; Betânia P. Drumond; Tulio M. Fumian; Marize P Miagostovich; Maria Luzia Da Rosa E Silva. Optimization of the skimmed-milk flocculation method for recovery of adenovirus from sludge. Science of The Total Environment 2017, 583, 163 -168.
AMA StyleAndrêssa S.F. Assis, Marcelo Henrique Otenio, Betânia P. Drumond, Tulio M. Fumian, Marize P Miagostovich, Maria Luzia Da Rosa E Silva. Optimization of the skimmed-milk flocculation method for recovery of adenovirus from sludge. Science of The Total Environment. 2017; 583 ():163-168.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAndrêssa S.F. Assis; Marcelo Henrique Otenio; Betânia P. Drumond; Tulio M. Fumian; Marize P Miagostovich; Maria Luzia Da Rosa E Silva. 2017. "Optimization of the skimmed-milk flocculation method for recovery of adenovirus from sludge." Science of The Total Environment 583, no. : 163-168.
Norovirus annual detection rates increased over the study period. The detection of norovirus was higher among young children.
Victor S. Santos; Ricardo Q. Gurgel; Sandra M.M. Cavalcante; Andrew Kirby; Lilian P. Café; Maria J. Souto; Silvio S. Dolabella; Matheus R. de Assis; Tulio M. Fumian; Marize P. Miagostovich; Nigel Cunliffe; Luis E. Cuevas. Acute norovirus gastroenteritis in children in a highly rotavirus-vaccinated population in Northeast Brazil. Journal of Clinical Virology 2017, 88, 33 -38.
AMA StyleVictor S. Santos, Ricardo Q. Gurgel, Sandra M.M. Cavalcante, Andrew Kirby, Lilian P. Café, Maria J. Souto, Silvio S. Dolabella, Matheus R. de Assis, Tulio M. Fumian, Marize P. Miagostovich, Nigel Cunliffe, Luis E. Cuevas. Acute norovirus gastroenteritis in children in a highly rotavirus-vaccinated population in Northeast Brazil. Journal of Clinical Virology. 2017; 88 ():33-38.
Chicago/Turabian StyleVictor S. Santos; Ricardo Q. Gurgel; Sandra M.M. Cavalcante; Andrew Kirby; Lilian P. Café; Maria J. Souto; Silvio S. Dolabella; Matheus R. de Assis; Tulio M. Fumian; Marize P. Miagostovich; Nigel Cunliffe; Luis E. Cuevas. 2017. "Acute norovirus gastroenteritis in children in a highly rotavirus-vaccinated population in Northeast Brazil." Journal of Clinical Virology 88, no. : 33-38.
Gemycircularvirus (GemyCV) is a group of viruses which has been recently proposed as a new viral genus detected in fecal and environmental samples around the world. GemyCVs have been detected in human blood, brain tissue, cerebrospinal fluid, and stool sample. In the present study, we demonstrate for the first time, through molecular detection and characterization, the presence of GemyCVs in environmental samples from Brazil. Our results show a percentage of positivity ranging from 69 (25/36) to 97 % (35/36) in river water samples collected in Manaus, Amazon region, and wastewater from a wastewater treatment plant located in Rio de Janeiro, respectively, revealing GemyCVs as an important environmental contaminant.
Matheus Ribeiro Da Silva Assis; Carmen Vieira; Julia Monassa Fioretti; Mônica Simões Rocha; Pedro Ivo Neves De Almeida; Marize Pereira Miagostovich; Tulio Machado Fumian. Detection and Molecular Characterization of Gemycircularvirus from Environmental Samples in Brazil. Food and Environmental Virology 2016, 8, 305 -309.
AMA StyleMatheus Ribeiro Da Silva Assis, Carmen Vieira, Julia Monassa Fioretti, Mônica Simões Rocha, Pedro Ivo Neves De Almeida, Marize Pereira Miagostovich, Tulio Machado Fumian. Detection and Molecular Characterization of Gemycircularvirus from Environmental Samples in Brazil. Food and Environmental Virology. 2016; 8 (4):305-309.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMatheus Ribeiro Da Silva Assis; Carmen Vieira; Julia Monassa Fioretti; Mônica Simões Rocha; Pedro Ivo Neves De Almeida; Marize Pereira Miagostovich; Tulio Machado Fumian. 2016. "Detection and Molecular Characterization of Gemycircularvirus from Environmental Samples in Brazil." Food and Environmental Virology 8, no. 4: 305-309.
Rotavirus A and human adenovirus dissemination were demonstrated both in a pediatric ward and in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of the same pediatric hospital. Virus detection from fomites samples were higher in the pediatric ward (42.3% [137 out of 324]) than in the NICU (4.5% [7 out of 156]), revealing that cleaning processes used in our NICU are effective in reducing viral contamination, suggesting human adenovirus as a potential biomarker of contamination of hospital fomites.
Ana Carolina Ganime; José Paulo G. Leite; Carlos Eduardo Da Silva Figueiredo; Filipe A. Carvalho-Costa; Fabiana Gil Melgaço; Fabio Correia Malta; Tulio M. Fumian; Marize P. Miagostovich. Dissemination of human adenoviruses and rotavirus species A on fomites of hospital pediatric units. American Journal of Infection Control 2016, 44, 1411 -1413.
AMA StyleAna Carolina Ganime, José Paulo G. Leite, Carlos Eduardo Da Silva Figueiredo, Filipe A. Carvalho-Costa, Fabiana Gil Melgaço, Fabio Correia Malta, Tulio M. Fumian, Marize P. Miagostovich. Dissemination of human adenoviruses and rotavirus species A on fomites of hospital pediatric units. American Journal of Infection Control. 2016; 44 (11):1411-1413.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAna Carolina Ganime; José Paulo G. Leite; Carlos Eduardo Da Silva Figueiredo; Filipe A. Carvalho-Costa; Fabiana Gil Melgaço; Fabio Correia Malta; Tulio M. Fumian; Marize P. Miagostovich. 2016. "Dissemination of human adenoviruses and rotavirus species A on fomites of hospital pediatric units." American Journal of Infection Control 44, no. 11: 1411-1413.
Noroviruses are recognized as one of the leading causes of viral acute gastroenteritis, responsible for almost 50% of acute gastroenteritis outbreaks worldwide. The positive single-strand RNA genome of noroviruses presents a high mutation rate and these viruses are constantly evolving by nucleotide mutation and genome recombination. Norovirus recombinant strains have been detected as causing acute gastroenteritis outbreaks in several countries. However, in Brazil, only one report of a norovirus recombinant strain (GII.P7/GII.20) has been described in the northern region so far. For this study, 38 norovirus strains representative of outbreaks, 11 GII.4 and 27 non-GII.4, were randomly selected and amplified at the ORF1/ORF2 junction. Genetic recombination was identified by constructing phylogenetic trees of the polymerase and capsid genes, and further SimPlot and Bootscan analysis of the ORF1/ORF2 overlap. Sequence analysis revealed that 23 out of 27 (85%) non-GII.4 noroviruses were recombinant strains, characterized as: GII.P7/GII.6 (n = 9); GIIP.g/GII.12 (n = 4); GII.P16/GII.3 (n = 4); GII.Pe/GII.17 (n = 2); GII.P7/GII.14 (n = 1); GII.P13/GII.17 (n = 1); GII.P21/GII.3 (n = 1); and GII.P21/GII.13 (n = 1). On the other hand, among the GII.4 variants analyzed (Den Haag_2006b and New Orleans_2009) no recombination was observed. These data revealed the great diversity of norovirus recombinant strains associated with outbreaks, and describe for the first time these recombinant types circulating in Brazil. Our results obtained in southern Brazil corroborate the previous report for the northern region, demonstrating that norovirus recombinant strains are circulating more frequently than we expected. In addition, these results emphasize the relevance of including ORF1/ORF2-based analysis in surveillance studies as well as the importance of characterizing strains from other Brazilian regions to obtain epidemiological data for norovirus recombinant strains circulating in the country.
Tulio Machado Fumian; Juliana Da Silva Ribeiro De Andrade; José Paulo Gagliardi Leite; Marize Pereira Miagostovich. Norovirus Recombinant Strains Isolated from Gastroenteritis Outbreaks in Southern Brazil, 2004–2011. PLOS ONE 2016, 11, e0145391 -e0145391.
AMA StyleTulio Machado Fumian, Juliana Da Silva Ribeiro De Andrade, José Paulo Gagliardi Leite, Marize Pereira Miagostovich. Norovirus Recombinant Strains Isolated from Gastroenteritis Outbreaks in Southern Brazil, 2004–2011. PLOS ONE. 2016; 11 (4):e0145391-e0145391.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTulio Machado Fumian; Juliana Da Silva Ribeiro De Andrade; José Paulo Gagliardi Leite; Marize Pereira Miagostovich. 2016. "Norovirus Recombinant Strains Isolated from Gastroenteritis Outbreaks in Southern Brazil, 2004–2011." PLOS ONE 11, no. 4: e0145391-e0145391.
Rotavirus A (RVA) and noroviruses (NoV) are the major viral agents of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) worldwide. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the performance of a one-step duplex quantitative RT-PCR (dRT-qPCR) assay, established for detection and quantification of RVA and NoV genogroup II (GII) using a single DNA standard curve (SC), as well as to investigate the association between fecal viral load and optical density (OD) values, and viruses’ genotyping. The results obtained by dRT-qPCR in 530 fecal samples from AGE cases were compared with methods employed for the diagnosis of those viruses as follows: enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) for RVA; and qualitative PCR for NoV. By using dRT-qPCR, we detected RVA and NoV in 353 (66%), increasing the positivity rate by 22.5% for RVA and 11.5% NoV, comparing the number of positive samples. RVA and NoV GII were detected in a range of 5.17 x 103 to 6.56 x 109 and 3.76 x 103 to 9.13 x 1010 genome copies per gram of feces, respectively. We observed a significant direct correlation between genome copies values and optical density, using dRT-qPCR and EIA assays, respectively (Spearman ρ = 0.41; p < 0.0001). Viruses characterization demonstrated a predominance of NoV GII.4 Sidney 2012 variant during October 2013 to February 2014, followed by the emergence of RVA genotype G12P[8] in 2014. The established assay using a single SC provides an early feedback concerning detection and quantification, with the advantage of detecting simultaneously RVA and NoV GII, reducing time and reagent costs.
Tulio M. Fumian; José Paulo G. Leite; Mônica S. Rocha; Juliana S.R. De Andrade; Julia M. Fioretti; Rosane M.S. De Assis; Matheus R.S. Assis; Alexandre Madi Fialho; Marize P. Miagostovich. Performance of a one-step quantitative duplex RT-PCR for detection of rotavirus A and noroviruses GII during two periods of high viral circulation. Journal of Virological Methods 2016, 228, 123 -129.
AMA StyleTulio M. Fumian, José Paulo G. Leite, Mônica S. Rocha, Juliana S.R. De Andrade, Julia M. Fioretti, Rosane M.S. De Assis, Matheus R.S. Assis, Alexandre Madi Fialho, Marize P. Miagostovich. Performance of a one-step quantitative duplex RT-PCR for detection of rotavirus A and noroviruses GII during two periods of high viral circulation. Journal of Virological Methods. 2016; 228 ():123-129.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTulio M. Fumian; José Paulo G. Leite; Mônica S. Rocha; Juliana S.R. De Andrade; Julia M. Fioretti; Rosane M.S. De Assis; Matheus R.S. Assis; Alexandre Madi Fialho; Marize P. Miagostovich. 2016. "Performance of a one-step quantitative duplex RT-PCR for detection of rotavirus A and noroviruses GII during two periods of high viral circulation." Journal of Virological Methods 228, no. : 123-129.