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David Lavallee; Jane Lowder; Jeff Lowder. SPORT vs COVID: A Project Where Sports People Help Promote Recovery Among People Negatively Impacted by COVID-19. Journal of Loss and Trauma 2021, 1 -3.
AMA StyleDavid Lavallee, Jane Lowder, Jeff Lowder. SPORT vs COVID: A Project Where Sports People Help Promote Recovery Among People Negatively Impacted by COVID-19. Journal of Loss and Trauma. 2021; ():1-3.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDavid Lavallee; Jane Lowder; Jeff Lowder. 2021. "SPORT vs COVID: A Project Where Sports People Help Promote Recovery Among People Negatively Impacted by COVID-19." Journal of Loss and Trauma , no. : 1-3.
As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, Governments around the world aimed to suppress the spread of the disease by applying various forms of quarantine (stay at home) restrictions. For example, according to the regulations set by the United Kingdom (UK) Government on 23rd March 2020, individuals should only leave their home to; shop for basic necessities, any medical need, travelling to and from essential work, and to perform one form of exercise per day (United Kingdom Government, 2020a). In particular, exercising was restricted to individuals being alone or with members of their household (United Kingdom Government, 2020a). These quarantine restrictions created unprecedented disruption to individuals' social, family, and work lives. As a consequence of these restrictions being put in place, all sports events and recreational activities such as soccer, tennis, bowls, and golf were suspended (Parnell et al., 2020; United Kingdom Government, 2020a). With these quarantine restrictions in place, there is a significant risk emerging that concerns the potential decline in physical activity and sports-related activities, which in turn can have a detrimental effect on physical and mental health (Chekroud et al., 2018). It is well-publicised that there are various health and well-being benefits resulting from the participation in physical activity and sports-related activities (Bo Andersen et al., 2000; Saxena et al., 2005; O'Donovan et al., 2010) and, in turn, there are potential health and well-being implications as a result of the quarantine restrictions (Ricci et al., 2020). Specifically, these restrictions could be detrimental to many physiological and psychological risk factors such as coronary heart disease, obesity, stress, social isolation, negative emotions, and sleep quality (Ellingson et al., 2018; Lippi et al., 2020a,b). During the quarantine restrictions, it has been recommended that individuals partake in home-based physical activities such as aerobic exercise using a stationary bike, bodyweight strength training, dance-based exercise, and active gaming in order to counteract the negative physical and mental side effects of the pandemic (Hammami et al., 2020). With sports and recreational activities suspended, the previously outlined physiological and psychological risk factors may be increased for individuals who habitually practiced sports activities prior to restrictions (Lippi et al., 2020a). Unlike many other sports, golf provides opportunities for individuals to complete golf-related activities within their home environment. For example, with limited golf equipment (e.g., golf clubs and balls), many golfers are able to practice full golf swings and full golf shots, as well as chipping and putting skills, all of which contribute to a large proportion of the game of golf (Keogh and Hume, 2012). Active gaming at home can also provide golfers with opportunities to practice golf-related activities. This active gaming during the quarantine restrictions has been previously recommended and endorsed by Hammami et al. (2020). There are many physical and mental health benefits of completing these golf-related activities including balance control (Sell et al., 2007; Tsang and Hui-chan, 2010; Gao et al., 2011), muscle function (Martinez Bustelo et al., 2016), and strength and flexibility (Sell et al., 2007). In addition, performing these skills during the quarantine restrictions may also provide opportunities to reduce sedentary time, which has during normal living, previously been associated with reduced cardiovascular risk factors (Young et al., 2016) and improvements in mood, stress, and sleep quality (Ellingson et al., 2018). It has been recommended that sedentary time for adults should be <7.5 h per day (Ku et al., 2018). In addition to physical golf activities, the use of technology also provides opportunities for individuals to engage in other activities such as listening to golf-related audio files, watching golf tournaments on television, and/or receiving coaching sessions online. These golf-related activities can provide individuals with a continued sense of belonging in relation to their sporting community, which can therefore provide potential well-being benefits that have been previously linked to the sport (Belanger et al., 2013; Murray et al., 2017; Sorbie et al., 2020). As a result of restrictions to suppress the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the unique opportunities that golf provides, this data report presents demographical details and golf-related activities that were performed during a period of quarantine (4–12th May 2020). In turn, these data can be used to compare golf-related activities across the different demographics. Data collection commenced after the project received Institutional Ethical approval, at which point the survey was published online between the 4 and 12th of May 2020. The survey was closed on the 12th May 2020 as a result of many golf courses in the UK re-opening on the 13th May 2020 (United Kingdom Government, 2020b). At the onset of data collection, the UK population had been under consistent movement restrictions for 42 days (6 weeks). The instructions for participants completing the survey were as follows: “You are being invited to participate in a 2-min survey assessing your golf activities during the Covid-19 lockdown (restricted movement to reduce day-to-day contact with other people) period. In order to be eligible for the study you must consider yourself as a social, amateur or professional golfer who participates in golf for recreational or competitive purposes. You must also be aged 16 or over. By completing this survey, you are providing consent for your anonymous data to be stored for a period of 10 years within a secured server and be used for research purposes. Participation is completely voluntary and you can withdraw from the study at any point without giving any...
Graeme G. Sorbie; Alexander J. Beaumont; Ashley K. Richardson; Jonathan Glen; Scott Hardie; David Lavallee. Data Report: Golf-Related Engagement During COVID-19 Quarantine Restrictions (4–12th May 2020). Frontiers in Sports and Active Living 2020, 2, 112 .
AMA StyleGraeme G. Sorbie, Alexander J. Beaumont, Ashley K. Richardson, Jonathan Glen, Scott Hardie, David Lavallee. Data Report: Golf-Related Engagement During COVID-19 Quarantine Restrictions (4–12th May 2020). Frontiers in Sports and Active Living. 2020; 2 ():112.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGraeme G. Sorbie; Alexander J. Beaumont; Ashley K. Richardson; Jonathan Glen; Scott Hardie; David Lavallee. 2020. "Data Report: Golf-Related Engagement During COVID-19 Quarantine Restrictions (4–12th May 2020)." Frontiers in Sports and Active Living 2, no. : 112.
Our aim in this invited commentary is to stimulate discussion among sport psychology researchers and practitioners regarding the unique developmental challenges and possibilities that Olympic and Paralympic athletes are undergoing during their final – extended year of the Tokyo 2020 quadrenium. We begin the commentary with COVID-19 pandemic (C-19) context setting, proceed with discussing transitional and holistic perspectives on athletes’ Olympic/Paralympic journey, outline three potential pathway scenarios and “C-19 as a possibility-provider” coping (meta-) scenario for Olympic/Paralympic athletes, and finalise our commentary with a summary of messages intended to invite further discussion and collaboration.
Natalia B. Stambulova; Robert J. Schinke; David Lavallee; Paul Wylleman. The COVID-19 pandemic and Olympic/Paralympic athletes’ developmental challenges and possibilities in times of a global crisis-transition. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology 2020, 1 -10.
AMA StyleNatalia B. Stambulova, Robert J. Schinke, David Lavallee, Paul Wylleman. The COVID-19 pandemic and Olympic/Paralympic athletes’ developmental challenges and possibilities in times of a global crisis-transition. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology. 2020; ():1-10.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNatalia B. Stambulova; Robert J. Schinke; David Lavallee; Paul Wylleman. 2020. "The COVID-19 pandemic and Olympic/Paralympic athletes’ developmental challenges and possibilities in times of a global crisis-transition." International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology , no. : 1-10.
(1) Background: Data-driven analysis and decision-making are playing an increasingly crucial role in improving organizational sustainability. This paper introduces clear data as a new typology. Further, it explores the utility of clear data to enhance sustainability in sport by enabling informed decision-making for the provision of targeted support to all stakeholders. We propose this typology to capture transparent data across an organization that assess levels of perceived and received support in key areas as validated by stakeholders. (2) Methods: Item development, content validation, instrument reliability, and utility of a survey designed to enhance sustainability in the sports industry is described. (3) Results: The instrument validation process found a high level of agreement among expert panel members, excellent test consistency, and high test–retest reliability. (4) Conclusions: Recommendations are provided for how clear data can enhance sustainability in sport.
David Lavallee; Jeff Lowder; Jane Lowder. Clear Data as a New Data Typology to Enhance Sustainability in Sport. Sustainability 2020, 12, 4527 .
AMA StyleDavid Lavallee, Jeff Lowder, Jane Lowder. Clear Data as a New Data Typology to Enhance Sustainability in Sport. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (11):4527.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDavid Lavallee; Jeff Lowder; Jane Lowder. 2020. "Clear Data as a New Data Typology to Enhance Sustainability in Sport." Sustainability 12, no. 11: 4527.
We examined experienced practitioners’ (N = 21) stories about two of their athlete consultancies, with a focus on their descriptions of the active ingredients involved in service delivery. Qualitative interviews informed by narrative theory. Consultants (9 females and 12 males, aged 27–46) with at least four years of professional experience discussed two client consultancies during open-ended narrative interviews. Data analysis began with an examination of the narrative structure of the practitioners’ stories, followed by an investigation of the narrative themes. The structure of the participants’ stories reflected a collaborative expert problem-solving narrative, in which they described working as experts in concert with athletes who needed help in solving their problems. Narrative themes included the influence of relationships, client allegiance, and active athlete engagement towards service delivery outcomes. An additional theme involved a constrained freedom in which contextual factors influenced service delivery. Results had strong parallels with clinical and counselling psychology research, such as the Rogerian narrative to service delivery. Findings also reflected a self-promotional narrative that surrounds psychological service delivery. Applied implications include the value of self-awareness, developing authenticity, and learning to become part of the sport organization’s culture.
David Tod; James Hardy; David Lavallee; Martin Eubank; Noora Ronkainen. Practitioners’ narratives regarding active ingredients in service delivery: Collaboration-based problem solving. Psychology of Sport and Exercise 2019, 43, 350 -358.
AMA StyleDavid Tod, James Hardy, David Lavallee, Martin Eubank, Noora Ronkainen. Practitioners’ narratives regarding active ingredients in service delivery: Collaboration-based problem solving. Psychology of Sport and Exercise. 2019; 43 ():350-358.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDavid Tod; James Hardy; David Lavallee; Martin Eubank; Noora Ronkainen. 2019. "Practitioners’ narratives regarding active ingredients in service delivery: Collaboration-based problem solving." Psychology of Sport and Exercise 43, no. : 350-358.
Research has highlighted that drop-out from youth sport has emerged to become a global trend with drop-out rates exceeding 30% in some countries. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a change in perceived support on intentions to drop out from youth sport at the end of a social support intervention. A pre-intervention examination of the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) in 2012 identified a 19.38% drop-out rate involving 3,491 participants between the ages of 12-16 years. A psychosocial intervention developed for the GAA called the Super Games Centre was delivered and evaluated over a 24-week period to 103 participants. The findings demonstrated that higher perceived available support was significantly associated with lower levels of intentions to drop out at the end of the intervention. Furthermore, social identity emerged as a significant mediating factor in explaining the association between changes in perceived support and intentions to drop out. A post-intervention examination in 2018 found that the GAA had established 95 Super Games Centres since 2015, and this has led to an increase in 7,012 new participants between the ages of 12-16 years. Future research and implications for social support intervention methodology are discussed. ,La investigación ha destacado que el abandono del deporte juvenil se ha convertido en una tendencia mundial con tasas que superan el 30% en algunos países. Este estudio tiene como objetivo investigar el efecto de un cambio en el apoyo percibido sobre la intención de abandonar el deporte juvenil al finalizar una intervención basada en el apoyo social. La Asociación Atlética Gaélica (GAA) en 2012 identificó una tasa de abandono del 19.38% que involucraba a 3,491 participantes de edades comprendidas entre 12-16 años. Una intervención psicosocial desarrollada para la GAA, llamada Centro de Superjuegos (Super Games Centre), se realizó con 103 participantes y se evaluó durante un período de 24 semanas. Los resultados muestran que la percepción de una mayor disponibilidad de apoyo social se asocia significativamente a niveles más bajos de intención de abandono al final de la intervención. Además, la identidad social demostró ser un importante factor de mediación para explicar la asociación entre los cambios en el apoyo percibido y la intención de abandono. Un examen posterior a la intervención en 2018 encontró que la GAA había creado 95 Centros de Superjuegos desde 2015, lo que ha llevado a un aumento de 7,012 nuevos participantes en el mismo rango de edad (12-16 años). Se debaten las investigaciones futuras y las implicaciones para la metodología de intervención basada en el apoyo social.
David Lavallee; Daragh Sheridan; Pete Coffee; Pat Daly. A Social Support Intervention to Reduce Intentions to Drop-out from Youth Sport: The GAA Super Games Centre. Psychosocial Intervention 2019, 28, 11 -17.
AMA StyleDavid Lavallee, Daragh Sheridan, Pete Coffee, Pat Daly. A Social Support Intervention to Reduce Intentions to Drop-out from Youth Sport: The GAA Super Games Centre. Psychosocial Intervention. 2019; 28 (1):11-17.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDavid Lavallee; Daragh Sheridan; Pete Coffee; Pat Daly. 2019. "A Social Support Intervention to Reduce Intentions to Drop-out from Youth Sport: The GAA Super Games Centre." Psychosocial Intervention 28, no. 1: 11-17.
The current study aimed to assess the impact of sports participation on undergraduate admissions decisions at universities, colleges, and conservatoires in the United Kingdom. A between subjects, experimental design was employed. Participants from providers of undergraduate courses completed an on-line experiment that required them to make a decision on one of three randomly assigned undergraduate applications written for the study: one without sport participation included (control) and two modified versions with sport participation included (one for team sports and one for individual sports). Participants were asked to decide whether to make an offer or reject the application. Significant differences were found between the control and sport-modified applications for one and two grade differences overall, as participation in sport elevated the undergraduate application. As this study was delimited to sport participation, the findings cannot be generalized to other extra-curricular activities. Future researchers could extend this investigation by examining the economic and social impact of participation in sports at secondary school post-University.
David Lavallee. Sports Participation is Worth Two Letter Grades in Undergraduate Admissions Decisions. Open Education Studies 2019, 1, 53 -55.
AMA StyleDavid Lavallee. Sports Participation is Worth Two Letter Grades in Undergraduate Admissions Decisions. Open Education Studies. 2019; 1 (1):53-55.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDavid Lavallee. 2019. "Sports Participation is Worth Two Letter Grades in Undergraduate Admissions Decisions." Open Education Studies 1, no. 1: 53-55.
Retirement from sport has the potential to be a major loss for professional athletes. Yet, many athletes resist engaging in career transition planning programs prior to their retirement. This research note reports the findings from an investigation on whether planning for an inevitable resource loss event (i.e., retirement from professional sport) can accrue gains (i.e., sporting performance). Data for this study was sourced from the National Rugby League, a top-level men’s professional sports league in Australasia, and included 28,516 performance selection observations for 632 players over three seasons. The findings demonstrated that higher levels of engagement in preretirement planning were positively associated with team selection, team tenure, and career tenure. Preretirement planning was also found to exert its effect on performance through the experience of career transition practitioners and the number of intervention support sessions the athletes participated in. Results are discussed in relation to conservation of resources and cognitive dissonance theories.
David Lavallee. Engagement in Sport Career Transition Planning Enhances Performance. Journal of Loss and Trauma 2018, 24, 1 -8.
AMA StyleDavid Lavallee. Engagement in Sport Career Transition Planning Enhances Performance. Journal of Loss and Trauma. 2018; 24 (1):1-8.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDavid Lavallee. 2018. "Engagement in Sport Career Transition Planning Enhances Performance." Journal of Loss and Trauma 24, no. 1: 1-8.
The current case study aimed to develop, implement and evaluate an intervention program to aid preparation for the junior-to-senior transition (JST) in sport, which provides a novel contribution to the existing professional practice literature. The program, based upon existing theory, focused on developing resources, knowledge and readiness to cope with the transition. The authors were particularly interested in exploring the participants' evaluations. A symbolic modeling approach was adopted, in which 5 senior tennis players were recorded on video discussing the demands of and coping strategies for the JST. The videos were used to support the intervention and delivered over 11 weeks to 7 junior tennis players from an elite training program in the U.K. (M = 15.1 years, SD = 1.24). To evaluate the intervention, a mixed methods single-subject design was used, with readiness to cope, knowledge and athletic identity assessed at three time points, along with social validation. Social-validation data indicated that the participants placed value on the intervention as a means to prepare for transition, citing increases in knowledge, coping, confidence and transition related skills. Quantitative data demonstrated an increase in readiness to cope with, and an increase knowledge of the JST. Athletic identity showed a small decrease. The current study supports existing research upon the value of preparation for transition in sport, with this the first transition preparation program for the JST well received by athletes. Further research is required to explore longitudinally how such interventions contribute to a successful JST.
Elizabeth K.L. Pummell; David Lavallee. Preparing UK tennis academy players for the junior-to-senior transition: Development, implementation, and evaluation of an intervention program. Psychology of Sport and Exercise 2018, 40, 156 -164.
AMA StyleElizabeth K.L. Pummell, David Lavallee. Preparing UK tennis academy players for the junior-to-senior transition: Development, implementation, and evaluation of an intervention program. Psychology of Sport and Exercise. 2018; 40 ():156-164.
Chicago/Turabian StyleElizabeth K.L. Pummell; David Lavallee. 2018. "Preparing UK tennis academy players for the junior-to-senior transition: Development, implementation, and evaluation of an intervention program." Psychology of Sport and Exercise 40, no. : 156-164.
This study examined how people who participate in endurance events currently get guidance on psychological aspects of their events and their preferred ways for receiving guidance from researchers and practitioners, so that psychologists can use these ways to disseminate research-derived knowledge. People in the United Kingdom (N = 574) who participated competitively or non-competitively in running (5 km and greater), road cycling (time trials, road races, or sportives), or triathlon events completed an online survey. The main questions addressed ways they have intentionally used to find psychological guidance, how they have got guidance without intentionally looking for it, and their preferences for receiving guidance. The most common ways of intentionally finding guidance were looking on websites (48.1% of participants), asking other athletes (46.7%), and asking coaches (32.5%). Athletes most commonly tried to find guidance on coping, motivation, and managing nerves. Posts on social media (51.3%), spoken word (48.0%), and magazines (45.9%) were common ways of unintentionally getting guidance, and athletes (68.1%) and coaches (45.9%) were most often the source of unintentionally received guidance. Websites (49.5%) and online videos (41.8%) were the most preferred ways to receive guidance, although researchers and practitioners working with coaches (35.5%) and event organisers (34.8%), and magazines (34.7%) were also preferable. Psychologists are encouraged to disseminate guidance to endurance athletes using websites, online videos, social media, magazines, and by working with coaches and event organisers. The data can also inform the design of intervention efficacy and effectiveness trials that deliver interventions in these ecologically valid and preferable formats.
Alister McCormick; Paul A. Anstiss; David Lavallee. Endurance athletes’ current and preferred ways of getting psychological guidance. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology 2018, 18, 187 -200.
AMA StyleAlister McCormick, Paul A. Anstiss, David Lavallee. Endurance athletes’ current and preferred ways of getting psychological guidance. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology. 2018; 18 (2):187-200.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlister McCormick; Paul A. Anstiss; David Lavallee. 2018. "Endurance athletes’ current and preferred ways of getting psychological guidance." International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology 18, no. 2: 187-200.
This systematic review aimed to collect, evaluate, and synthesize the research on muscle dysmorphia (MD) post official recognition as a specifier for body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) in the DSM-5, and provide recommendations for future research. Literature searches were conducted in four databases to see if inclusion criteria were met. Results revealed 33 studies meeting inclusion criteria, none of which utilized DSM-5 criteria for MD or acknowledged the criterion in their research. Few studies acknowledged the association between MD and BDD, and the methodological quality of recent MD research was considered low due to a lack of clinical samples, measurements not using validated cutoff scores, and the research designs. In conclusion, future MD research is encouraged to utilize DSM-5 diagnostic criteria to better inform clinical practice and significantly improve the methodological quality. As such, more effective treatment options may be developed, reducing the risk of health-harming consequences in these individuals.
Sebastian S. Sandgren; David Lavallee. Muscle Dysmorphia Research Neglects DSM-5 Diagnostic Criteria. Journal of Loss and Trauma 2018, 23, 211 -243.
AMA StyleSebastian S. Sandgren, David Lavallee. Muscle Dysmorphia Research Neglects DSM-5 Diagnostic Criteria. Journal of Loss and Trauma. 2018; 23 (3):211-243.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSebastian S. Sandgren; David Lavallee. 2018. "Muscle Dysmorphia Research Neglects DSM-5 Diagnostic Criteria." Journal of Loss and Trauma 23, no. 3: 211-243.
This article reports on a study that inquired into the journeys of sixteen Indigenous Australian athletes from their first touch of the footy to the Australian Football League (AFL) and National Rugby League (NRL) that identified two distinct stages of their journeys. These were: (1) the development of expertize and of a distinctly Aboriginal style of play from their first touch of a footy to around the age of thirteen and, (2) a process of cultural transitioning toward and into the AFL and NRL. This article takes an interdisciplinary approach to focus on the second stage of transitioning into the world of professional sport and sport as business. Identifying this as a process of cultural transitioning from local Aboriginal culture to the culture of professional sport provided insight into this transitioning process while illuminating the profound importance of culture in this process. It also helped identify the ways in which tensions between local approaches to ‘footy’ as play and cultural expression and professional sport as work, within the global culture of sport-as-business, were manifested in the challenges that the participants had to overcome. This article thus contributes to knowledge about Indigenous development of sporting expertize, of the specific challenges they face in transitioning into the global culture of commodified sport and how they succeed from a cultural perspective.
Richard L. Light; John Robert Evans; David Lavallee. The cultural transition of Indigenous Australian athletes’ into professional sport. Sport, Education and Society 2017, 24, 415 -426.
AMA StyleRichard L. Light, John Robert Evans, David Lavallee. The cultural transition of Indigenous Australian athletes’ into professional sport. Sport, Education and Society. 2017; 24 (4):415-426.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRichard L. Light; John Robert Evans; David Lavallee. 2017. "The cultural transition of Indigenous Australian athletes’ into professional sport." Sport, Education and Society 24, no. 4: 415-426.
This study examines how semi-elite student snow-sport athletes utilize process and trait coping strategies to combat risk-taking, potential loss and trauma, and other stressors integral to their sport participation. Factors influencing coping strategy preference are also explored. Semistructured interviews were used to explore 10 participants’ experiences; the narratives were analyzed using thematic analysis. Five master themes emerged from the analysis: Challenges to Overcome; Taking Action; Changing Perspectives; Staying in Control; and Underlying Influences. The findings highlight how participants develop and utilize preferred coping strategies, although the unpredictable nature of snow-sports can result in situation-specific process coping. Findings are discussed in relation to the differences between racing and freestyle disciplines.
Laura Kiemle-Gabbay; David Lavallee. Coping in High-Risk Snow-Sports: A Qualitative Exploration of Alpine Racing and Freestyle Athletes’ Experiences. Journal of Loss and Trauma 2017, 22, 325 -345.
AMA StyleLaura Kiemle-Gabbay, David Lavallee. Coping in High-Risk Snow-Sports: A Qualitative Exploration of Alpine Racing and Freestyle Athletes’ Experiences. Journal of Loss and Trauma. 2017; 22 (4):325-345.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLaura Kiemle-Gabbay; David Lavallee. 2017. "Coping in High-Risk Snow-Sports: A Qualitative Exploration of Alpine Racing and Freestyle Athletes’ Experiences." Journal of Loss and Trauma 22, no. 4: 325-345.
This study investigated whether relationships exist among personal control, coping mechanism, primary control, secondary control and superstitious beliefs. The participants were 375 Ghanaian student athletes (females = 44%). They completed measures of self-reported superstitious beliefs, personal control, coping mechanisms, primary and secondary control strategies. The data were analysed to evaluate the correlates of both positive and negative superstitious beliefs and how constructs of personal control, coping mechanisms and control strategies, predict positive and negative superstitious beliefs. The results indicated that personal control, coping mechanisms and control strategies were predictors of negative and positive superstitious beliefs. In the final model exaggerated internal control, God-mediated control, emotional support, and substance use were predictors of negative superstitions. Exaggerated internal control, substance use, emotional support and acceptance were predictors of positive superstitions. Athletes may activate different types of superstitious beliefs to cope and gain control in situations of uncertainty.
Patrick Kwaku Ofori; David Tod; David Lavallee. Predictors of superstitious beliefs. Journal of Psychology in Africa 2016, 27, 1 -12.
AMA StylePatrick Kwaku Ofori, David Tod, David Lavallee. Predictors of superstitious beliefs. Journal of Psychology in Africa. 2016; 27 (1):1-12.
Chicago/Turabian StylePatrick Kwaku Ofori; David Tod; David Lavallee. 2016. "Predictors of superstitious beliefs." Journal of Psychology in Africa 27, no. 1: 1-12.
This study examined the retirement experiences of elite professional ballet dancers. Particular emphasis was placed on the influence of self-identity and social support on the quality of adjustment to retirement in elite ballet dancers. Six former elite ballet dancers from a single National Ballet Company in the United Kingdom participated in retrospective semistructured interviews. These interviews yielded transcripts that were analyzed using content analysis. As expected, the majority of participants presented strong and exclusive dancer identities. Those presenting a strong and exclusive dancer identity at the point of retirement experienced identity loss and confusion during the career transition process. Refuting our anticipated outcome, the primary social support network for dancers remained intact after career termination. The dancers perceived this continued social support to positively influence the overall quality of career transition experienced. In addition to social support, dancers adopted a combination of coping strategies; predominantly retirement planning and redefinition of self. Future research should focus on identifying specific adjustment difficulties associated with self-identity during retirement and should identify specific coping strategies adopted to counteract these adjustment difficulties during career transition from dance. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
Victoria C. Willard; David Lavallee. Retirement experiences of elite ballet dancers: Impact of self-identity and social support. Sport, Exercise, and Performance Psychology 2016, 5, 266 -279.
AMA StyleVictoria C. Willard, David Lavallee. Retirement experiences of elite ballet dancers: Impact of self-identity and social support. Sport, Exercise, and Performance Psychology. 2016; 5 (3):266-279.
Chicago/Turabian StyleVictoria C. Willard; David Lavallee. 2016. "Retirement experiences of elite ballet dancers: Impact of self-identity and social support." Sport, Exercise, and Performance Psychology 5, no. 3: 266-279.
This study examined the relationships between primary and secondary control strategies, coping, and superstitious behaviour. Participants were 349 student-athletes from the UK and Ghana, consisting of 194 males and 155 females. The nationality breakdown was 177 British student-athletes and 172 Ghanaian student-athletes. Participants completed five inventories measuring superstitious behaviours, personal control, control strategies, coping skills, and social desirability. Sequential multiple regression analysis was used to determine the relationship between these constructs. A 2 by 2 analysis of covariance was conducted to assess the main and interactive effects of gender and nationality on superstitious behaviour. Findings demonstrated that personal control, coping mechanisms, and control strategies predicted superstitious behaviour. The findings suggest that athletes may engage in superstitious behaviour as a coping mechanism and as a secondary control strategy to offer them a sense of being in control in stressful situations. The results suggest that Ghanaian student-athletes may engage in superstitious behaviour more than British student-athletes. Results are discussed in relation to previous research and practical implications are delineated.
Patrick Kwaku Ofori; David Tod; David Lavallee. An exploratory investigation of superstitious behaviours, coping, control strategies, and personal control in Ghanaian and British student-athletes. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology 2016, 16, 3 -19.
AMA StylePatrick Kwaku Ofori, David Tod, David Lavallee. An exploratory investigation of superstitious behaviours, coping, control strategies, and personal control in Ghanaian and British student-athletes. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology. 2016; 16 (1):3-19.
Chicago/Turabian StylePatrick Kwaku Ofori; David Tod; David Lavallee. 2016. "An exploratory investigation of superstitious behaviours, coping, control strategies, and personal control in Ghanaian and British student-athletes." International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology 16, no. 1: 3-19.
Stuart W. Flint; Joanne Hudson; David Lavallee. The portrayal of obesity in U.K. national newspapers. Stigma and Health 2016, 1, 16 -28.
AMA StyleStuart W. Flint, Joanne Hudson, David Lavallee. The portrayal of obesity in U.K. national newspapers. Stigma and Health. 2016; 1 (1):16-28.
Chicago/Turabian StyleStuart W. Flint; Joanne Hudson; David Lavallee. 2016. "The portrayal of obesity in U.K. national newspapers." Stigma and Health 1, no. 1: 16-28.
Anti-fat attitudes may lead to stigmatisation of and lowered self-esteem in obese people. Examining anti-fat attitudes is warranted given that there is an association with anti-fat behaviours. Previous studies, mainly outside the UK, have demonstrated that anti-fat attitudes are increasing over time. The study was cross-sectional with a sample of 2380 participants (74.2 % female; aged 18–65 years). In an online survey participants reported demographic characteristics and completed a range of implicit and explicit measures of obesity related attitudes. Perceptions of obesity were more negative than reported in previously. Main effects indicated more negative perceptions in males, younger respondents and more frequent exercisers. Attitudes about obesity differed in relation to weight category, and in general were more positive in obese than non-obese respondents. This is the first study to demonstrate anti-fat attitudes across different sections of the UK population. As such, this study provides the first indication of the prevalence of anti-fat attitudes in UK adults. Interventions to modify these attitudes could target specific groups of individuals with more negative perceptions as identified here. Future work would be useful that increases understanding of both implicit and explicit attitudes towards obesity.
Stuart Flint; Joanne Hudson; David Lavallee. UK adults’ implicit and explicit attitudes towards obesity: a cross-sectional study. BMC Obesity 2015, 2, 31 .
AMA StyleStuart Flint, Joanne Hudson, David Lavallee. UK adults’ implicit and explicit attitudes towards obesity: a cross-sectional study. BMC Obesity. 2015; 2 (1):31.
Chicago/Turabian StyleStuart Flint; Joanne Hudson; David Lavallee. 2015. "UK adults’ implicit and explicit attitudes towards obesity: a cross-sectional study." BMC Obesity 2, no. 1: 31.
Drawing on social identity theory and self-categorization theory, we outline an approach to sport psychology that understands groups not simply as features of sporting contexts but rather as elements that can be, and often are, incorporated into a person’s sense of self and, through this, become powerful determinants of their sport-related behavior. The underpinnings of this social identity approach are outlined, and four key lessons for sport that are indicative of the analytical and practical power of the approach are presented. These suggest that social identity is the basis for sports group (1) behavior, (2) formation and development, (3) support and stress appraisal, and (4) leadership. Building on recent developments within sport science, we outline an agenda for future research by identifying a range of topics to which the social identity approach could fruitfully contribute.
Tim Rees; Alex Haslam; Pete Coffee; David Lavallee. A Social Identity Approach to Sport Psychology: Principles, Practice, and Prospects. Sports Medicine 2015, 45, 1083 -1096.
AMA StyleTim Rees, Alex Haslam, Pete Coffee, David Lavallee. A Social Identity Approach to Sport Psychology: Principles, Practice, and Prospects. Sports Medicine. 2015; 45 (8):1083-1096.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTim Rees; Alex Haslam; Pete Coffee; David Lavallee. 2015. "A Social Identity Approach to Sport Psychology: Principles, Practice, and Prospects." Sports Medicine 45, no. 8: 1083-1096.
The purpose of this paper was to adapt and validate the Sport-Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale-2 (SMPS-2) for the Brazilian population using a three-step approach. For content validity, four participants translated the SMPS-2 to Portuguese and six experts adapted the content. Construct validity sample was tested with 395 athletes from a set of individual and team sports. Temporal validity was evaluated with an independent sample of 80 athletes with two data collections. Data analysis was conducted through Content Validity Coefficient (CVC), Cronbach's alpha, Composite Reliability (CR) and Exploratory (EFA) and Confirmatory (CFA) analyses. Results showed that the Portuguese version contained clear and relevant questions (CVC > .80) and good internal consistency (α > .70/CR > .70); EFA model revealed a four factor solution with 24 items as more satisfying while CFA confirmed the SMPS-2 model with 24 items was adequate. Multi-group analysis showed partial gender invariance. Temporal stability was achieved in all 24 items of the scale (ICC > .75). We concluded that the SMPS-2 is a valid measure for the assessment of perfectionism of the Brazilian sport context.
José Roberto Andrade Do Nascimento Junior; João Ricardo Nickenig Vissoci; David Lavallee; Lenamar Fiorese Vieira. Adaptation and validation of the Sport Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale-2 (SMPS-2) for the Brazilian sport context. Motriz: Revista de Educação Física 2015, 21, 125 -136.
AMA StyleJosé Roberto Andrade Do Nascimento Junior, João Ricardo Nickenig Vissoci, David Lavallee, Lenamar Fiorese Vieira. Adaptation and validation of the Sport Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale-2 (SMPS-2) for the Brazilian sport context. Motriz: Revista de Educação Física. 2015; 21 (2):125-136.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJosé Roberto Andrade Do Nascimento Junior; João Ricardo Nickenig Vissoci; David Lavallee; Lenamar Fiorese Vieira. 2015. "Adaptation and validation of the Sport Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale-2 (SMPS-2) for the Brazilian sport context." Motriz: Revista de Educação Física 21, no. 2: 125-136.