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Prof. Lan Ding
Faculty of Built Environment, University of New Sourth Wales, NSW 2052, Australia

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0 Energy Efficiency
0 Smart Cities
0 Climate change adaptation and mitigation
0 Sustainable buildings and cities
0 Regenerative cities

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Review
Published: 04 November 2020 in Climate
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Cities in Australia are experiencing unprecedented levels of urban overheating, which has caused a significant impact on the country’s socioeconomic environment. This article provides a comprehensive review on urban overheating, its impact on health, energy, economy, and the heat mitigation potential of a series of strategies in Australia. Existing studies show that the average urban heat island (UHI) intensity ranges from 1.0 °C to 13.0 °C. The magnitude of urban overheating phenomenon in Australia is determined by a combination of UHI effects and dualistic atmospheric circulation systems (cool sea breeze and hot desert winds). The strong relation between multiple characteristics contribute to dramatic fluctuations and high spatiotemporal variabilities in urban overheating. In addition, urban overheating contributes to serious impacts on human health, energy costs, thermal comfort, labour productivity, and social behaviour. Evidence suggest that cool materials, green roofs, vertical gardens, urban greenery, and water-based technologies can significantly alleviate the UHI effect, cool the ambient air, and create thermally balanced cities. Urban greenery, especially trees, has a high potential for mitigation. Trees and hedges can reduce the average maximum UHI by 1.0 °C. The average maximum mitigation performance values of green roofs and green walls are 0.2 °C and 0.1 °C, respectively. Reflective roofs and pavements can reduce the average maximum UHI by 0.3 °C. In dry areas, water has a high cooling potential. The average maximum cooling potential using only one technology is 0.4 °C. When two or more technologies are used at the same time, the average maximum UHI drop is 1.5 °C. The mitigation strategies identified in this article can help the governments and other stakeholders manage urban heating in the natural and built environment, and save health, energy, and economic costs.

ACS Style

Komali Yenneti; Lan Ding; Deo Prasad; Giulia Ulpiani; Riccardo Paolini; Shamila Haddad; Mattheos Santamouris. Urban Overheating and Cooling Potential in Australia: An Evidence-Based Review. Climate 2020, 8, 126 .

AMA Style

Komali Yenneti, Lan Ding, Deo Prasad, Giulia Ulpiani, Riccardo Paolini, Shamila Haddad, Mattheos Santamouris. Urban Overheating and Cooling Potential in Australia: An Evidence-Based Review. Climate. 2020; 8 (11):126.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Komali Yenneti; Lan Ding; Deo Prasad; Giulia Ulpiani; Riccardo Paolini; Shamila Haddad; Mattheos Santamouris. 2020. "Urban Overheating and Cooling Potential in Australia: An Evidence-Based Review." Climate 8, no. 11: 126.

Journal article
Published: 14 February 2019 in Sustainable Cities and Society
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Along with ongoing urban development, cities are experiencing significantly different climates compared with surrounding rural or suburban areas. Among various causes, the traditional modification towards urban surface structures has been evidenced as an explanation for the variations of urban climate. This affirms the significances of urban morphology in urban climate study and management. However, urban morphology that focuses on the homogeneity of urban form is always very intricated, so that it is essential to clearly describe and differentiate the interactions between urban morphology and climatic conditions. Focusing on guiding ventilation performance-based planning, therefore, this paper aims at characterizing urban surface structures for the systematic studies of local ventilation performance. In specific, based on the pluridisciplinary method, this paper developed the protocol for the precinct ventilation characterization. The precinct ventilation zone system was derived according to ‘compactness + building height + street structure’, based on which 20 distinctive types of precinct ventilation zones in the Greater Sydney, Australia were presented. The classification system in this paper can provide wind-related researchers, engineers, designers and planners with intuitive understandings of the ventilation performance, thereby further assisting decision makers to formulate sound planning regulations with the inclusion of urban ventilation.

ACS Style

Bao-Jie He; Lan Ding; Deo Prasad. Enhancing urban ventilation performance through the development of precinct ventilation zones: A case study based on the Greater Sydney, Australia. Sustainable Cities and Society 2019, 47, 101472 .

AMA Style

Bao-Jie He, Lan Ding, Deo Prasad. Enhancing urban ventilation performance through the development of precinct ventilation zones: A case study based on the Greater Sydney, Australia. Sustainable Cities and Society. 2019; 47 ():101472.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bao-Jie He; Lan Ding; Deo Prasad. 2019. "Enhancing urban ventilation performance through the development of precinct ventilation zones: A case study based on the Greater Sydney, Australia." Sustainable Cities and Society 47, no. : 101472.

Journal article
Published: 01 September 2017 in Solar Energy
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Local and global climate change increases the ambient temperature of cities by several degrees with important consequences on energy consumption, health and the economy. Advanced urban mitigation technologies contribute to decrease the ambient temperature and counterbalance the impact of urban heat islands. The present paper analyses and presents in a comparative way the mitigation potential of the known mitigation technologies using performance data from about 220 real scale urban rehabilitation projects. The average and peak temperature drop of reflective technologies, greenery, evaporative systems, earth to air heat exchangers and their combinations is calculated and presented. The mitigation potential of the main systems like cool roofs, cool pavements, green roofs, urban trees, pools and ponds, sprinklers, fountains, and evaporative towers, is analysed. It is found that the potential of the main mitigation technologies is considerable and can counterbalance UHI effects partly or fully. The average peak temperature drop calculated for all projects is close to 2 K, while the corresponding decrease of the average ambient temperature is close to 0.74 K. Almost 31% of the analysed projects resulted in a peak temperature drop below 1 K, 62% below 2 K, 82% below 3 K and 90% below 4 K.

ACS Style

Matthaios Santamouris; Lan Ding; Francesco Fiorito; P. Oldfield; Paul Osmond; Riccardo Paolini; D. Prasad; Afroditi Synnefa. Passive and active cooling for the outdoor built environment – Analysis and assessment of the cooling potential of mitigation technologies using performance data from 220 large scale projects. Solar Energy 2017, 154, 14 -33.

AMA Style

Matthaios Santamouris, Lan Ding, Francesco Fiorito, P. Oldfield, Paul Osmond, Riccardo Paolini, D. Prasad, Afroditi Synnefa. Passive and active cooling for the outdoor built environment – Analysis and assessment of the cooling potential of mitigation technologies using performance data from 220 large scale projects. Solar Energy. 2017; 154 ():14-33.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Matthaios Santamouris; Lan Ding; Francesco Fiorito; P. Oldfield; Paul Osmond; Riccardo Paolini; D. Prasad; Afroditi Synnefa. 2017. "Passive and active cooling for the outdoor built environment – Analysis and assessment of the cooling potential of mitigation technologies using performance data from 220 large scale projects." Solar Energy 154, no. : 14-33.

Journal article
Published: 29 April 2017 in Sustainability
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It has become increasingly important to study the urban heat island phenomenon due to the adverse effects on summertime cooling energy demand, air and water quality and most importantly, heat-related illness and mortality. The present article analyses the magnitude and the characteristics of the urban heat island in Sydney, Australia. Climatic data from six meteorological stations distributed around the greater Sydney region and covering a period of 10 years are used. It is found that both strong urban heat island (UHI) and oasis phenomena are developed. The average maximum magnitude of the phenomena may exceed 6 K. The intensity and the characteristics of the phenomena are strongly influenced by the synoptic weather conditions and in particular the development of the sea breeze and the westerly winds from the desert area. The magnitude of the urban heat island varies between 0 and 11°C, as a function of the prevailing weather conditions. The urban heat island mainly develops during the warm summer season while the oasis phenomenon is stronger during the winter and intermediate seasons. Using data from an extended network of stations the distribution of Cooling Degree Days in the greater Sydney area is calculated. It is found that because of the intense development of the UHI, Cooling Degree Days in Western Sydney are about three times higher than in the Eastern coastal zone. The present study will help us to better design and implement urban mitigation strategies to counterbalance the impact of the urban heat island in the city.

ACS Style

Mat Santamouris; Shamila Haddad; Francesco Fiorito; Paul Osmond; Lan Ding; Deo Prasad; Xiaoqiang Zhai; RuZhu Wang. Urban Heat Island and Overheating Characteristics in Sydney, Australia. An Analysis of Multiyear Measurements. Sustainability 2017, 9, 712 .

AMA Style

Mat Santamouris, Shamila Haddad, Francesco Fiorito, Paul Osmond, Lan Ding, Deo Prasad, Xiaoqiang Zhai, RuZhu Wang. Urban Heat Island and Overheating Characteristics in Sydney, Australia. An Analysis of Multiyear Measurements. Sustainability. 2017; 9 (5):712.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mat Santamouris; Shamila Haddad; Francesco Fiorito; Paul Osmond; Lan Ding; Deo Prasad; Xiaoqiang Zhai; RuZhu Wang. 2017. "Urban Heat Island and Overheating Characteristics in Sydney, Australia. An Analysis of Multiyear Measurements." Sustainability 9, no. 5: 712.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2017 in Procedia Engineering
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ACS Style

Marini Samaratunga; Lan Ding; Kate Bishop; Deo Prasad; Kevin W.K. Yee. Modelling and Analysis of Post-occupancy Behaviour in Residential Buildings to Inform BASIX Sustainability Assessments in NSW. Procedia Engineering 2017, 180, 343 -355.

AMA Style

Marini Samaratunga, Lan Ding, Kate Bishop, Deo Prasad, Kevin W.K. Yee. Modelling and Analysis of Post-occupancy Behaviour in Residential Buildings to Inform BASIX Sustainability Assessments in NSW. Procedia Engineering. 2017; 180 ():343-355.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marini Samaratunga; Lan Ding; Kate Bishop; Deo Prasad; Kevin W.K. Yee. 2017. "Modelling and Analysis of Post-occupancy Behaviour in Residential Buildings to Inform BASIX Sustainability Assessments in NSW." Procedia Engineering 180, no. : 343-355.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2017 in Procedia Engineering
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ACS Style

Samin Marzban; Lan Ding; Francesco Fiorito. An Evolutionary Approach to Single-sided Ventilated Façade Design. Procedia Engineering 2017, 180, 582 -590.

AMA Style

Samin Marzban, Lan Ding, Francesco Fiorito. An Evolutionary Approach to Single-sided Ventilated Façade Design. Procedia Engineering. 2017; 180 ():582-590.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Samin Marzban; Lan Ding; Francesco Fiorito. 2017. "An Evolutionary Approach to Single-sided Ventilated Façade Design." Procedia Engineering 180, no. : 582-590.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2017 in Procedia Engineering
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ACS Style

Krishna Munsami; Deo Prasad; Lan Ding. The Role of Post Occupation Evaluation in Achieving High Performance Buildings through Diagnostics. Procedia Engineering 2017, 180, 356 -364.

AMA Style

Krishna Munsami, Deo Prasad, Lan Ding. The Role of Post Occupation Evaluation in Achieving High Performance Buildings through Diagnostics. Procedia Engineering. 2017; 180 ():356-364.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Krishna Munsami; Deo Prasad; Lan Ding. 2017. "The Role of Post Occupation Evaluation in Achieving High Performance Buildings through Diagnostics." Procedia Engineering 180, no. : 356-364.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2017 in Procedia Engineering
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ACS Style

Anir Kumar Upadhyay; Lan Ding; Kevin W.K. Yee; Deo Prasad. Post-occupancy Energy Consumption of BASIX Affected Dwellings in the Sydney Metropolitan Area. Procedia Engineering 2017, 180, 331 -342.

AMA Style

Anir Kumar Upadhyay, Lan Ding, Kevin W.K. Yee, Deo Prasad. Post-occupancy Energy Consumption of BASIX Affected Dwellings in the Sydney Metropolitan Area. Procedia Engineering. 2017; 180 ():331-342.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Anir Kumar Upadhyay; Lan Ding; Kevin W.K. Yee; Deo Prasad. 2017. "Post-occupancy Energy Consumption of BASIX Affected Dwellings in the Sydney Metropolitan Area." Procedia Engineering 180, no. : 331-342.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2017 in Procedia Engineering
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ACS Style

William Craft; Lan Ding; D. Prasad; L. Partridge; D. Else. Development of a Regenerative Design Model for Building Retrofits. Procedia Engineering 2017, 180, 658 -668.

AMA Style

William Craft, Lan Ding, D. Prasad, L. Partridge, D. Else. Development of a Regenerative Design Model for Building Retrofits. Procedia Engineering. 2017; 180 ():658-668.

Chicago/Turabian Style

William Craft; Lan Ding; D. Prasad; L. Partridge; D. Else. 2017. "Development of a Regenerative Design Model for Building Retrofits." Procedia Engineering 180, no. : 658-668.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2014 in Journal of Clean Energy Technologies
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This work proposes a smart home electricity management approach that can predict and schedule electricity demand and supply by considering: the 'state' of the smart grid, local power generation capacity, and electrical consumption of household appliances. The prediction of weather conditions and the immediate and longerterm plans of the residential home occupants are crucial parameters in the smart home decision-making system that acts on behalf of the occupants. This paper provides a motivation example and associated scenarios, electrical energy supply/demand models, formalization of the cost optimization problem, and scheduling schemes for a smart home electricity management system in the context of a smart grid, smart appliances, and local renewable energy resources. A case study is provided to illustrate how the proposed approach works. (Résumé d'auteur

ACS Style

Weiliang Zhao; Lan Ding; Paul Cooper; Pascal Perez. Smart Home Electricity Management in the Context of Local Power Resources and Smart Grid. Journal of Clean Energy Technologies 2014, 73 -79.

AMA Style

Weiliang Zhao, Lan Ding, Paul Cooper, Pascal Perez. Smart Home Electricity Management in the Context of Local Power Resources and Smart Grid. Journal of Clean Energy Technologies. 2014; ():73-79.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Weiliang Zhao; Lan Ding; Paul Cooper; Pascal Perez. 2014. "Smart Home Electricity Management in the Context of Local Power Resources and Smart Grid." Journal of Clean Energy Technologies , no. : 73-79.

Proceedings article
Published: 01 January 2014 in Proceedings of the International Symposium for Next Generation Infrastructure
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Description A smart grid provides dynamic pricing signals which make users be possible to adjust their power demands accordingly. Renewable energy technologies equip a large number of residential homes the capability of local power generation. The varying price of power supply from a smart grid and the existence of local power generation bring opportunities and challenges for energy management at residential homes. This paper proposes a cost-driven residential energy management approach for the adaption of smart grid and local power generation. The target system makes cost-driven scheduling of household appliances by considering the real-time and/or predictable status of smart grid, local power generation, and power consumption demands. The proposed approach minimizes the overall daily electricity cost of household appliances by taking into account both weather and electricity tariff forecasts, predictable home activities, and the flexibility of electricity use. Citation: Zhao, W., Cooper, P., Perez, P. & Ding, L. (2014). Cost-Driven Residential Energy Management for Adaption of Smart Grid and Local Power Generation. In: Campbell P. and Perez P. (Eds), Proceedings of the International Symposium of Next Generation Infrastructure, 1-4 October 2013, SMART Infrastructure Facility, University of Wollongong, Australia.

ACS Style

Weiliang Zhao; Paul Cooper; Pascal Perez; Lan Ding. Cost-Driven Residential Energy Management for Adaption of Smart Grid and Local Power Generation. Proceedings of the International Symposium for Next Generation Infrastructure 2014, 1 .

AMA Style

Weiliang Zhao, Paul Cooper, Pascal Perez, Lan Ding. Cost-Driven Residential Energy Management for Adaption of Smart Grid and Local Power Generation. Proceedings of the International Symposium for Next Generation Infrastructure. 2014; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Weiliang Zhao; Paul Cooper; Pascal Perez; Lan Ding. 2014. "Cost-Driven Residential Energy Management for Adaption of Smart Grid and Local Power Generation." Proceedings of the International Symposium for Next Generation Infrastructure , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 21 April 2012 in Energy and Buildings
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Leveraging the emerging technologies of Energy Informatics and cross-reality, a new concept is proposed for how buildings and their systems are designed and operated. The basic premise of Energy Informatics contends that information has the power to reduce energy consumption, which, in a simple fashion, is asserted as “Energy + Information = Less Energy”. The concept of informatics can be applied to energy issues in the built environment from scales ranging from individual pieces of equipment (such as with fault detection and diagnostics) up to regional or country level (such as with a smart electrical grid). Facilities Management and Modeling (FMM) is introduced as a new form of information systems to apply the principles of Energy Informatics to increasing energy efficiency in building operations. There are three core principles that guide the design of FMM: measurement, modeling, and management. The characteristics and use of FMM are discussed. Also introduced are potential applications for how cross-realty concepts can be applied in the training of students and professionals in the operation of complex building systems.

ACS Style

Thomas M. Lawrence; Richard T. Watson; Marie-C. Boudreau; Kyle Johnsen; Jason Perry; Lan Ding. A new paradigm for the design and management of building systems. Energy and Buildings 2012, 51, 56 -63.

AMA Style

Thomas M. Lawrence, Richard T. Watson, Marie-C. Boudreau, Kyle Johnsen, Jason Perry, Lan Ding. A new paradigm for the design and management of building systems. Energy and Buildings. 2012; 51 ():56-63.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Thomas M. Lawrence; Richard T. Watson; Marie-C. Boudreau; Kyle Johnsen; Jason Perry; Lan Ding. 2012. "A new paradigm for the design and management of building systems." Energy and Buildings 51, no. : 56-63.

Journal article
Published: 31 January 2007 in Automation in Construction
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Design projects in the AEC domain involve collaboration among a number of design disciplines, usually in separate locations. There has been an increase in the interest in synchronous collaborative virtual environments as an alternative or extension to collaborating using CAD systems. This paper puts forward a 3D virtual world environment which provides real-time multi-user collaboration for designers in different locations and allows for the different design disciplines to model their view of a building as different representations. This 3D world is extended to provide a more complete collaborative environment. Relationships between the objects in the different models are seen as central to the maintenance of consistency and control while changing the design. Agent technology is used to manage the different views, the creation and modification of objects in the 3D virtual world and the necessary relationships with the database(s) belonging to each discipline.

ACS Style

M.A. Rosenman; G. Smith; M.L. Maher; L. Ding; D. Marchant. Multidisciplinary collaborative design in virtual environments. Automation in Construction 2007, 16, 37 -44.

AMA Style

M.A. Rosenman, G. Smith, M.L. Maher, L. Ding, D. Marchant. Multidisciplinary collaborative design in virtual environments. Automation in Construction. 2007; 16 (1):37-44.

Chicago/Turabian Style

M.A. Rosenman; G. Smith; M.L. Maher; L. Ding; D. Marchant. 2007. "Multidisciplinary collaborative design in virtual environments." Automation in Construction 16, no. 1: 37-44.

Conference paper
Published: 11 November 2005 in Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2005
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Large design projects, such as those in the AEC domain, involve collaboration among a number of design disciplines, often in separate locations. With the increase in CAD usage in design offices, there has been an increase in the interest in collaboration using the electronic medium, both synchronously and asynchronously. The use of a single shared database representing a single model of a building has been widely put forward but this paper argues that this does not take into account the different representations required by each discipline. This paper puts forward an environment which provides real-time multi-user collaboration in a 3D virtual world for designers in different locations. Agent technology is used to manage the different views, creation and modifications of objects in the 3D virtual world and the necessary relationships with the database(s) belonging to each discipline.

ACS Style

M.A. Rosenman; G. Smith; L. Ding; D. Marchant; M.L. Maher. Multidisciplinary Design in Virtual Worlds. Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2005 2005, 433 -442.

AMA Style

M.A. Rosenman, G. Smith, L. Ding, D. Marchant, M.L. Maher. Multidisciplinary Design in Virtual Worlds. Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2005. 2005; ():433-442.

Chicago/Turabian Style

M.A. Rosenman; G. Smith; L. Ding; D. Marchant; M.L. Maher. 2005. "Multidisciplinary Design in Virtual Worlds." Computer Aided Architectural Design Futures 2005 , no. : 433-442.

Journal article
Published: 01 March 2005 in Automation in Construction
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3D virtual worlds facilitate a level of communication and collaboration not readily available in conventional CAD systems. The integration of virtual worlds and CAD systems using a common data model can make a significant impact on synchronous collaboration and real-time multiuser multidisciplinary modification of building data. By using agents, the integration of 3D virtual worlds and CAD systems can go beyond that of passive data transfer. With sensors and effectors, each agent can interact with its environment by responding to changes in the CAD system or 3D virtual world, which can take the form of an update to the geometry or as a recommendation to change nongeometric information or to propagate changes to other parts of the design. The reasoning process for each agent can vary from a reflexive behaviour, in which the agent responds directly to the sensor data to a reflective behaviour in which the agents reasons about its goals and alternatives before making a change to the environment. We demonstrate this approach using ArchiCAD and Active Worlds as the CAD system and the virtual world platform. An EDM database is used as the central repository for storing the representation of the relevant data model. A multiagent system is developed to connect the virtual world to this database to allow active data sharing. This agent approach can be extended to the integration of other applications and data models

ACS Style

Mary Lou Maher; Pak-San Liew; Ning Gu; Lan Ding. An agent approach to supporting collaborative design in 3D virtual worlds. Automation in Construction 2005, 14, 189 -195.

AMA Style

Mary Lou Maher, Pak-San Liew, Ning Gu, Lan Ding. An agent approach to supporting collaborative design in 3D virtual worlds. Automation in Construction. 2005; 14 (2):189-195.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mary Lou Maher; Pak-San Liew; Ning Gu; Lan Ding. 2005. "An agent approach to supporting collaborative design in 3D virtual worlds." Automation in Construction 14, no. 2: 189-195.

Research article
Published: 01 October 2001 in Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design
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In this paper we present an evolutionary approach to the emergence of the representation of style in design. We explore issues involved in the interpretation of style, the emergence of the representation of style, and a computational process for emerging the representation of style. An evolutionary process model based on genetic engineering for style representation emergence is developed and demonstrated. Examples from its computational implementation are presented.

ACS Style

Lan Ding; John S Gero. The emergence of the representation of style in design. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design 2001, 28, 707 -731.

AMA Style

Lan Ding, John S Gero. The emergence of the representation of style in design. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design. 2001; 28 (5):707-731.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lan Ding; John S Gero. 2001. "The emergence of the representation of style in design." Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design 28, no. 5: 707-731.