Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains have veterinary and public health importance as they are responsible for a wide range of difficult to treat infections and food poisoning. Two hundred samples (50 samples each of minced meat, beef luncheon, Karish cheese, and human samples (pus swab from open wounds)) were cultured, and MRSA strains were identified using disk diffusion tests and mecA gene-based PCR. A total of 35% (70/200) of the examined samples were confirmed as coagulase-positive S. aureus in minced meat (46%), beef luncheon (44%), Karish cheese (44%), and human samples (22%). The MRSA strains showed resistance to amoxicillin (91.4%), penicillin (97.1%), cefoxitin (85.7%), cephradine (82.9%), tetracycline (57.2%), and erythromycin (52.8%). More than half of the tested S. aureus isolates harbored the mecA gene. The sequence analysis of the mecA gene from the minced meat, Karish cheese, and human samples revealed high genetic similarities between the S. aureus isolates from these sources. In conclusion, our findings indicate a risk for the transmission of the mecA gene of S. aureus across the food chain between humans and animal food products. Further studies should focus on finding additional epidemiological aspects of the MRSA strains in food chain.

The goal of this study was to investigate the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Escherichia coli isolated from 100 samples of raw beef meat (50) and chicken meat (50) Collected From supermarkets at Menofia, Cairo and El-Kalyobia governorates, Egypt. E. coli was recovered from 13 (26%) beef meat samples and 18 (36.00%) chicken meat samples and identified serology. the most common serovars (O26, O119, O111, O103, O91, O86, O146, O45, O121 and O 128). A total of 75 E. coli isolates were obtained and tested for susceptibility to 10 antimicrobials by the disk diffusion method. E. coli isolates of the current investigation revealed a high resistance against Tetracycline (33.3%), Ampicillin (26.6%), Kanamycin & Trimethoprim-Sulphamethoxazole (20%), Cefotaxime (12%), Chloramphenicol & Ciprofloxacin (8%) antimicrobial agents. Whereas; the lowest degree of resistance was noticed against Streptomycin (6.6%), Ceftazidime (5.3%) and Nalidixic acid (4%). These data suggest that antimicrobial-resistant E. coli isolates are widely distributed in meat samples and processing environment in Egypt, which can play a role in dissemination of antimicrobial resistance to other pathogenic and commensal bacteria.

Fish provide a great source of protein. Fish is one of the main vectors of bacterial pathogen that is related to consumers and public health. Control of food poisoning outbreaks depends on the detection of the causative agents in food (fish and fishery products) and elimination of them to produce safe food free from food poisoning microorganisms as possible. The examined samples of Tilapia nilotica, Mackerel and Salted sardines (50 samples of each) collected from various localities in El- Menoufia governorate for isolation of Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas species and E. coli. The examined fish samples showed that the prevalence of S. aureus was 36%, 22 % and 14% of the examined Tilapia nilotica, Mackerel and Salted sardine, respectively, while the prevalence of pseudomonas species was 18%, 26 % and 14% of the examined samples, respectively, and E. coli prevalence was 32%, 26 % and 12% of the examined samples, respectively.

The present study was done to assess the infection rate, histopathological and molecular characterization of Sarcocystis species infecting buffaloes in Menoufia governorate, Egypt. Different muscles of 3513 slaughtered buffaloes in three abattoirs from Menoufia governorate were inspected by naked eye. Histopathological examination was applied on infected muscles with cysts. The DNA from each individual sarcocysts was extracted, amplified and sequenced. The results indicated that the total infection rate of sarcocystosis in examined buffaloes was (12.87 %). The prevalence in females was higher (20.23%) than males was (10.42%). The most affected muscles with Sarcocystis spp. cysts were esophagus. There was slight variation in the prevalence of sarcocystosis between the three abattoirs. The occurrence of sarcocystosis was slightly higher in winter and spring seasons than Autumn and Summer seasons. The amplified DNA was yielded the expected band size. The sequence of Sarcocystis cyst in this study was aligned with similar sequences of Sarcocystis spp. which was deposited in gene bank. The sequence of 18S rRNA was highly identical (94-99%) to sequences of Sarcocystis fusiformis from Egypt and other countries. The phylogenetic tree revealed that Sarcocystis in the current study was founded in the same genetic clade with the gene bank sequences of Sarcocystis fusiformis. In conclusion, the infection rate of sarcocystosis was low in current study compared with previous studies may be due to the enhanced or proper disposal of carnivores and human feces.

The current study aimed to detect the prevalence, economic losses and molecular characterization of C. bovis in slaughtered cattle from El-Menofia Province Egypt, through phase starting from January 2022 to December 2022. A total of 9488 slaughtered cattle carcasses (7638 male and 1850 female) were inspected. The findings showed that 0.98% of slaughtered cattle had C. bovis. Females were more susceptible than males to infection at 3.2% and 0.44%, respectively. The predilection sites were heart, masseter muscle with a prevalence of 0.67%, 0.31%, respectively. The entire carcass was condemned in one case with heavy infection with prevelance 0.01%. The presence of C. bovis was associated with the age of the inspected carcass. The increased prevalence was observed in female cattle older than 5 years. The prevalence was highest in summer and spring at 1.1 % followed by autumn at 0.95% and winter at 0.74%. Concerning the molecular charachterization of C. bovis the resulting sequences were blasted on the BLAST site (Basic Local Alignment Search Tool). The amplified DNA was yielded the expected band size. The sequence of C. bovis in this study was highly identical with other sequences of C. bovis which was deposited in gene bank. The phylogenetic tree revealed that the current study was founded C. bovis in the same genetic clade with the gene bank sequences of C. bovis. It is concluded from the current study that C. bovis. is a common zoonotic disease between man and animals, so the latent danger increase due to wrong disposal of infected animal bio-waste in addition to unefficient methods of slaughtering and how to deal with this infected organs. Cysticercosis caused significant economic losses, with an estimated total annual loss of 102200 Egyptian Pounds due to the condemnation of organs in this study.