Mohamed T. Khayyal

Dr. Mohamed T. Khayyal

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Research Focus & Metrics

Academic Career Length

26Years (2001-Present)

(Calculated once Scilit publication data is synced: current year − year of first publication + 1)

Representative Publications

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1 November 2002 in Arzneimittelforschung
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MKMohamed T. Khayyal
Mohamed T. Khayyal
MEMona A. El-Ghazaly
Mona A. El-Ghazaly
DADalai M. Abdallah
Dalai M. Abdallah
NNNoha N. Nassar
Noha N. Nassar
SOSamuel N. Okpanyi
Samuel N. Okpanyi
MKMatthias-Heinrich Kreuter
Matthias-Heinrich Kreuter
A specially prepared olive leaf extract (EFLA 943) has been tested for its blood pressure lowering activity in rats rendered hypertensive by daily oral doses of L-NAME (NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, 50 mg/kg) for at least 4 weeks. Oral administration of the extract at different dose levels at the same time as L-NAME for a period of 8 weeks showed a dose dependent prophylactic effect against the rise in blood pressure induced by L-NAME, best effects being induced by a dose of 100 mg/kg of the extract. In rats previously rendered hypertensive by L-NAME for 6 weeks and then treated with that dose of the extract for a further 6 weeks without discontinuation of L-NAME, normalisation of the blood pressure was observed. The findings confirm previous reports on the hypotensive effects of olive leaf. The special extract, EFLA 943, was shown to give consistent results with little individual variability. The antihypertensive effect of the extract may be related to a variety of factors involving reversal of vascular changes involved in the L-NAME induced hypertension. Blutdrucksenkende Wirkung eines Olivenblätter-Extraktes (Olea europaea) bei L-NAME- induzierter Hypertonie der Ratte Die blutdrucksenkende Wirkung eines Olivenblätter-Extraktes (EFLA 943) wurde an Ratten geprüft, bei denen Bluthochdruck durch tägliche orale Gabe (50 mg/ kg KG) von L-NAME (NG-Nitro-L-arginin-methylester) für mindestens 4 Wochen induziert wurde. Eine gleichzeitige Verabreichung verschiedener Dosierungen des Extraktes mit L-NAME über 8 Wochen ergab eine dosisabhängige prophylaktische Wirkung gegen den L-NAME-induzierten Blutdruckanstieg. Die beste Wirkung wurde bei der Dosis von 100 mg/kg KG des Extraktes erzielt. Bei Ratten, bei denen zuvor durch eine 6-wö-chige Gabe von L-NAME eine Hypertension induziert worden war, führte anschließende Behandlung mit dem Extrakt (100 mg/kg KG) über 6 Wochen bei ununterbrochener L-NAME-Gabe zu einer Normalisierung des Blutdruckes. Diese Ergebnisse bestätigen frühere Berichte über die hypotensive Wirkung von Olivenblättern. Es zeigte sich darüber hinaus, daß dieser Spezialextrakt durchwegs gleichmäßige Ergebnisse mit geringer individuellen Variabilität liefert. Die antihypertensive Wirkung des Extraktes könnte mit mehreren Faktoren zu-sammenhängen, welche zur Reversibilität vaskulärer Veränderungen führen, die mit L-NAME-induzierter Hypertonie assoziiert sind.

1 July 2001 in Arzneimittelforschung
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MKMohamed T. Khayyal
Mohamed T. Khayyal
MEMona A. El-Ghazaly
Mona A. El-Ghazaly
SKSanaa A. Kenawy
Sanaa A. Kenawy
MSMona Seif-El-Nasr
Mona Seif-El-Nasr
LMLaila G. Mahran
Laila G. Mahran
SOSamuel N. Okpanyi
Samuel N. Okpanyi
Extracts from the plants Iberis amara, Melissa officinalis, Matricaria recutita, Carum carvi, Mentha × piperita, Glycyrrhtza glabra, Angelica archangelica, S-lybum marianum and Chelidonium majus, singly and combined in the form of a commercial preparation, STW 5 (Iberogast®) and a modified formulation, STW 5-II, lacking the last 3 constituents, were tested for their potential anti-ulcerogenic activity against indometacin induced gastric ulcers of the rat as well as for their antisecretory and cytoprotective activities. All extracts produced a dose dependent anti-ulcerogenic activity associated with a reduced acid output and an increased mucin secretion, an increase in prostaglandin E2 release and a decrease in leukotrienes. The effect on pepsin content was rather variable and did not seem to bear a relationship with the anti-ulcerogenic activity. The most beneficial effects were observed with the com-bined formulations STW 5 and STW 5-II in a dose of 10 ml/kg b.w., comparable with cimetidine in a dose of 100 mg/kg b.w. The anti-ulcerogenic activity of the extracts was also confirmed histologically. The cytoprotective effect of the extracts could be partly due to their flavonoid content and to their free radical scavenging properties. Antiulzerogene Wirkung von im Magen-Darm-Trakt wirksamen Pflanzenextrakten und ihrer Kombination Auszüge aus den Pflanzen Iberis amara, Melissa officinalis, Matricaria recutita, Carum carvi, Mentha × piperita, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Angelica archangelica, Sily-bum marianum und Chelidonium majus, einzeln und in Kombination, wurden an Indometacin-induzierten Magenulzera der Ratte auf ihre antiulzerogene Wirkung sowie auf ihre antisekretorischen und zytoprotektiven Eigenschaften geprüft. Die geprüften Kombinationen wa-ren das Handelspräparat STW 5 (Ibero-gast®) und eine modifizierte Formulierung, STW 5-II, bei der die oben zuletzt genannten drei Pflanzen fehlen. Alle Extrakte hatten eine dosisabhängige antiulzerogene Wirkung in Verbindung mit einer reduzierten Säuresekretion sowie einer erhöhten Mucin- (Schleim-) Produktion, einer Zunahme der Prostaglandin E2-Freisetzung und einer Abnahme der Leukotrien-Konzentration. Der Einfluß auf die Pepsin-Konzentration war variabel und scheint keine Beziehung zur anti-ulzerogenen Wirkung zu haben. Die besten Effekte wurden mit den fixen Kombinationen STW 5 und STW 5-II, 10 ml/kg KG, erzielt, vergleichbar mit Cimetidin 100 mg/kg KG. Die antiulzerogene Wir-kung der Extrakte wurde auch durch die histologischen Untersuchungen bestätigt. Die zytoprotektive Wirkung der Extrakte dürfte teilweise auf ihren Flavonoid-Gehalt und ihre Radikalfänger-Eigenschaft zurückzuführen sein.

1 November 2005 in Arzneimittelforschung
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MKMohamed T. Khayyal
Mohamed T. Khayyal
MEMona A. El-Ghazaly
Mona A. El-Ghazaly
DADalal M. Abdallah
Dalal M. Abdallah
SOSamuel N. Okpanyi
Samuel N. Okpanyi
OKOlaf Kelber
Olaf Kelber
DWDieter Weiser
Dieter Weiser
A standardized willow bark extract (STW 33-I) has been examined to clarify its possible mechanism of action as an anti-inflammatory agent. Various facets have been investigated in two inflammation models: the 6-day air pouch model in rats, representing the acute state and the adjuvant induced arthritis representing the chronic one. Parameters included leukocytic infiltration, levels of cytokines and prostanoids in blood, and effects on cyclo-oxygenase (COX)-1 and/or COX-2 enzymes as well as effects involving free radical production. The effect of the extract was compared at two dose levels with comparable anti-inflammatory doses of acetylsalicylic acid (CAS 50-78-2, ASA) as a non-selective COX inhibitor, and celecoxib (CAS 169590-42-5) as a selective COX-2 inhibitor. On a mg/kg basis, the extract was at least as effective as ASA in reducing inflammatory exudates and in inhibiting leukocytic infiltration as well as in preventing the rise in cytokines, and was more effective than ASA in suppressing leukotrienes, but equally effective in suppressing prostaglandins. On COX-2, STW 33-I was more effective than ASA. The present findings show that STW 33-I significantly raises GSH (reduced glutathione) levels, an effect which helps to limit lipid peroxidation. The extract was more potent than either ASA or celecoxib. Higher doses of the extract also reduced malondialdehyde levels and raised superoxide dismutase activity. Taking the above results collectively, STW 33-I shows definite superiority to either ASA or celecoxib in protecting the body against oxidative stress. It is therefore evident that STW 33-I is at least as active as ASA on all the parameters of inflammatory mediators measured, when both are given on a similar mg/kg dose. Considering, however, that the extract contains only 24% salicin (molecular weight 286.2), while ASA has a molecular weight of 180.3, it follows that on a molar basis of salicin vs salicylate, the extract contains less than a sixth of the amount of salicin as the amount of salicylate in ASA. Thus it appears that STW 33-I with its lower “salicin” content than an equivalent dose of ASA, is at least as active as ASA on the measured parameters, a fact that leads one to speculate that other constituents of the extract contribute to its overall activity. The presence of polyphenols in STW 33-I probably plays a significant role in enhancing its free radical scavenging properties. The fact that STW 33-I was superior to ASA in this respect would suggest that the extract may have a better anti-inflammatory effect than ASA on a weight to weight basis, with possibly less side effects. Mechanismen der entzündungshemmenden Wirkung eines standardisierten Wei-denrindenextraktes Um mögliche Mechanismen seiner entzündungshemmenden Wirkung aufzuklären, wurde ein standardisierter Wei-denrindenextrakt (STW 33-I) in zwei Entzündungsmodellen untersucht, dem 6-Tage air pouch-Modell bei der Ratte als einem Modell der akuten Entzündung und dem Modell der Adjuvans-induzierten Arthritis als einem Modell der chronischen Entzündung. Die untersuchten Parameter umfaβten die Leukozyten-Infiltration, die Blutspiegel von Zytokinen und Prostanoiden, die Wirkung auf Cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 und/oder COX-2 sowie die Wirkung auf die Produktion freier Radikale. Die Wirkung des Extraktes in zwei unterschiedlichen Dosen wurde mit entzündungshemmenden Dosen von Acetylsalicylsäure (CAS 50-78-2, ASS) als nicht-selektivem COX-Hemmer und Celecoxib (CAS 169590-42-5) als selektivem COX-2-Hemmer verglichen. Bezogen auf die Dosis in mg/kg war der Extrakt mindestens ebenso wirksam wie ASA, was die Verringerung der Menge an entzündlichem Exsudat und die Hemmung der Leukozyten-Infiltration und des Anstieges der Cytokine betrifft. Er hemmte die Leukotrien-Bildung und COX-2 stärker als ASS, die Prostaglandin-Bildung vergleichbar wie dieses. Die vorliegenden Daten zeigen zudem, daß STW 33-I die Spiegel von reduziertem Glutathion (GSH) signifikant erhöhte, was der Bildung von Lipidperoxiden entgegen wirken kann. Der Extrakt war hierbei wirksamer als ASS oder Celecoxib. Höhere Dosen des Extraktes verringerten zudem die Malondialdehyd-Spiegel und erhöhten die Superoxiddismutase-Aktivität. STW 33-I ist demnach sowohl ASS als auch Celecoxib in seiner Schutzwirkung gegen oxidativen Streß überlegen. Bezogen auf eine vergleichbare Dosis in mg/kg wirkt STW 33-I also offensichtlich mindestens ebenso stark auf alle gemessenen Entzündungsparameter wie ASA. Der Extrakt enthält aber nur 24 % Salicin, woraus folgt, daβ er, berechnet in Mol, nur ein Sechstel der Menge an Salicylaten enthält wie ASA, was zu der Vermutung Anlaβ gibt, daß weitere Bestandteile an seiner Aktivität beteiligt sind. Für seine Radikalfängereigenschaften dürften insbesondere die enthaltenen Polyphenole verantwortlich sein. Die Überlegenheit gegenüber einer, auf das Gewicht bezogen, gleichen Dosis ASS läßt auf eine bessere entzündungshemmende Wirkung bei gleichzeitig geringerem Nebenwirkungspotential schließen.

1 October 2018 in Nutrition
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Journal Article
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MKMohamed T. Khayyal
Mohamed T. Khayyal
RERania M. El-Hazek
Rania M. El-Hazek
WEWalaa A El-Sabbagh
Walaa A El-Sabbagh
JFJan Frank
Jan Frank
DBDariush Behnam
Dariush Behnam
MTMona Abdel Tawab
Mona Abdel Tawab

6 May 2012 in International Journal of Colorectal Disease
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Journal Article
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WWWalaa Wadie
Walaa Wadie
HAHeba Abdel-Aziz
Heba Abdel-Aziz
HZHala F. Zaki
Hala F. Zaki
OKOlaf Kelber
Olaf Kelber
DWDieter Weiser
Dieter Weiser
MKMohamed T. Khayyal
Mohamed T. Khayyal
Purpose An herbal preparation, STW 5, used clinically in functional dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome, has been shown to possess properties that may render it useful in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The present work was conducted to study its effectiveness in a rat model of IBD. Methods An experimental model reflecting ulcerative colitis in man was adopted, whereby colitis was induced in Wistar rats by feeding them 5 % dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in drinking water for one week. STW 5 and sulfasalazine (as a reference standard) were administered orally daily for 1 week before colitis induction and continued during DSS feeding. The animals were then sacrificed, and the severity of colitis was evaluated macroscopically and microscopically. Colon samples were homogenized for determination of reduced glutathione, tumor necrosis factor-α, and cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant-3 as well as myeloperoxidase, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase. In addition, colon segments were suspended in an organ bath to test their reactivity towards carbachol, KCl, and trypsin. Results STW 5 and sulfasalazine were both effective in preventing the shortening of colon length and the increase in both colon mass index and total histology score as well as the changes in biochemical parameters measured except changes in dismutase activity. DSS-induced colitis led to marked depression in colonic responsiveness to the agents tested ex vivo, an effect which was normalized by both drugs. Conclusions The findings point to a potential usefulness of STW 5 in the clinical setting of ulcerative colitis.

1 June 2020 in Phytomedicine
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Journal Article
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MKMohamed T. Khayyal
Mohamed T. Khayyal
RERania M. El-Hazek
Rania M. El-Hazek
WEWalaa A El-Sabbagh
Walaa A El-Sabbagh
JFJan Frank
Jan Frank
DBDariush Behnam
Dariush Behnam
MTMona Abdel Tawab
Mona Abdel Tawab
Xanthohumol is known to exert anti-inflammatory properties but has poor oral bioavailability. Using advanced micellization technology, it has been possible to markedly enhance its bioavailability. In the present study, we compared the chronic anti-inflammatory activities of native and micellar xanthohumol in the rat adjuvant arthritis model, using diclofenac as a reference drug. Adjuvant arthritis was induced by injecting Freund's complete adjuvant into the right hind paw of rats and monitoring paw volume over 3 weeks. The drugs were given daily for 3 weeks, starting from the day of adjuvant inoculation. Serum was collected at the end of the experiment to measure inflammatory and oxidative stress parameters. Statistical comparisons between different groups were carried out by one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey-Kramer multiple comparison test. Micellar solubilized xanthohumol showed a better anti-inflammatory activity than its native form. The reduction in paw volume was reflected in corresponding changes in relevant mediators of inflammation like tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein, myloperoxidase and lipid peroxidation markers. The findings confirm that micellar solubilization of xanthohumol enhances its anti-inflammatory activity, probably as a result of improving its bioavailabilty. The solubilized xanthohumol may prove to be a promising adjuvant tool for anti-inflammatory treatment and a potential anti-inflammatory alternative to synthetic drugs.