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Carissa spinarum Linn. has been utilized both in the food industry and as a traditional medicine for various ailments, while the responsible chemical components and action mechanisms of its antioxidative and hepatoprotective activities remain unclear. In this work, at least 17 quinic acid derivatives as potential ligands for the superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme from Carissaspinarum L. were screened out using the bio-affinity ultrafiltration with liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (UF–LC/MS), and 12 of them (1–12), including, three new ones (1–3), were further isolated by phytochemical methods and identified by high resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS) and extensive nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic analysis. All of these isolated compounds were evaluated for their antioxidant activities by the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) methods. As a result, compounds 4 and 6–11 displayed similar or better antioxidant activities compared to vitamin C, which is in good agreement with the bio-affinity ultrafiltration with SOD enzyme. Then, these compounds, 4 and 6–11, with better antioxidant activity were further explored to protect the L02 cells from H2O2-induced oxidative injury by reducing the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) production and activating the SOD enzyme. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to use an efficient ultrafiltration approach with SOD for the rapid screening and identification of the SOD ligands directly from a complex crude extract of Carissa spinarum, and to reveal its corresponding active compounds with good antioxidative and hepatoprotective activities.
Ye Liu; Felix Wambua Muema; Yong-Li Zhang; Ming-Quan Guo. Acyl Quinic Acid Derivatives Screened Out from Carissa spinarum by SOD-Affinity Ultrafiltration LC–MS and Their Antioxidative and Hepatoprotective Activities. Antioxidants 2021, 10, 1302 .
AMA StyleYe Liu, Felix Wambua Muema, Yong-Li Zhang, Ming-Quan Guo. Acyl Quinic Acid Derivatives Screened Out from Carissa spinarum by SOD-Affinity Ultrafiltration LC–MS and Their Antioxidative and Hepatoprotective Activities. Antioxidants. 2021; 10 (8):1302.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYe Liu; Felix Wambua Muema; Yong-Li Zhang; Ming-Quan Guo. 2021. "Acyl Quinic Acid Derivatives Screened Out from Carissa spinarum by SOD-Affinity Ultrafiltration LC–MS and Their Antioxidative and Hepatoprotective Activities." Antioxidants 10, no. 8: 1302.
The environmental pollution, pesticide resistance, and other associated problems caused by traditional chemical pesticides with limited modes of action make it urgent to seek alternative environmentally-friendly pesticides from natural products. Tung meal, the byproduct of the detoxified Vernicia fordii (Hemsl.) seed, has been commonly used as an agricultural fertilizer and as a pesticide. However, its active insecticidal extracts and ingredients remain elusive. In the present study, the contact toxicities of tung meal extracts against the agricultural and forest pests like O. formosanu s and P. xylostella were examined. Our results showed that ethyl acetate and petroleum ether extracts showed the strongest toxicity against O. formosanus and P. xylostella, respectively. In order to further explore the chemical profiles of the ethyl acetate and petroleum ether extracts, UPLC-Q/TOF-MS and GC-MS analyses have been performed, and 20 and 29 compounds were identified from EA and PE extracts, respectively. The present study, for the first time, verified the noteworthy insecticidal activities on the aforementioned agricultural and forest pesticides and revealed the potential active parts and chemical composition, which are conducive to further exploiting the potential of tung meal as a natural plant-derived insecticide for biological control of agricultural and forest pests.
Hui Zhang; Guilin Chen; Shiyou Lü; Lin Zhang; Mingquan Guo. Insecticidal Activities Against Odontotermes formosanus and Plutella xylostella and Corresponding Constituents of Tung Meal from Vernicia fordii. Insects 2021, 12, 425 .
AMA StyleHui Zhang, Guilin Chen, Shiyou Lü, Lin Zhang, Mingquan Guo. Insecticidal Activities Against Odontotermes formosanus and Plutella xylostella and Corresponding Constituents of Tung Meal from Vernicia fordii. Insects. 2021; 12 (5):425.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHui Zhang; Guilin Chen; Shiyou Lü; Lin Zhang; Mingquan Guo. 2021. "Insecticidal Activities Against Odontotermes formosanus and Plutella xylostella and Corresponding Constituents of Tung Meal from Vernicia fordii." Insects 12, no. 5: 425.
Carissa spinarum has been traditionally used for the treatment of various diseases due to its different pharmacological activities. However, the active compounds responsible for its potentially specific activities have rarely been explored. To this end, the ethyl acetate (EA) fraction was screened out and selected for further phytochemical isolation because of its promising activities in preliminary 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and COX-2 inhibition assays. As a result, 10 compounds (1−10), including a new one (5), were isolated, with eight of these being identified as phenolic compounds, as expected. Compound 9 possessed an IC50 value of 16.5 ± 1.2 µM, which was lower than that of positive control (vitamin C, 25.5 ± 0.3 µM) in the DPPH assay, and compounds 2, 6, 7 and 9 showed better total antioxidant capacity than vitamin C in the FRAP assay. Meanwhile, compounds 1−6 and 9 also had IC50 values of less than 1.0 µM, which was even better than the positive control indomethacin in the COX-2 inhibition assay. In this context, compounds 2 and 9 were further evaluated to exhibit clear hepatoprotective activities by improving the L02 cell viability and reducing ROS production using a H2O2-induced L02 cell injury model. This study provides initial evidence revealing the most potent phenolic compounds from the root bark of C. spinarum responsible for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective activities.
Ye Liu; Yongli Zhang; Felix Muema; Festus Kimutai; Guilin Chen; Mingquan Guo. Phenolic Compounds from Carissa spinarum Are Characterized by Their Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory and Hepatoprotective Activities. Antioxidants 2021, 10, 652 .
AMA StyleYe Liu, Yongli Zhang, Felix Muema, Festus Kimutai, Guilin Chen, Mingquan Guo. Phenolic Compounds from Carissa spinarum Are Characterized by Their Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory and Hepatoprotective Activities. Antioxidants. 2021; 10 (5):652.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYe Liu; Yongli Zhang; Felix Muema; Festus Kimutai; Guilin Chen; Mingquan Guo. 2021. "Phenolic Compounds from Carissa spinarum Are Characterized by Their Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory and Hepatoprotective Activities." Antioxidants 10, no. 5: 652.
Previous reports have illustrated that the incidence and mortality of cancer are increasing year by year worldwide. In addition, the occurrence, development, recurrence and metastasis of cancer are closely related to inflammation, which is a kind of defensive response of human body to various stimuli. As an important medicinal plant in Africa, Warburgia ugandensis has been reported to have certain anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative activities, but its specific components and mechanisms of action remain elusive. To tackle this challenge, affinity ultrafiltration with drug targets of interest coupled to high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (AUF-HPLC-MS/MS) could be utilized to quickly screen out bioactive constituents as ligands against target enzymes from complex extracts of this plant. AUF-HPLC-MS/MS with four drug targets, i.e., cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX), topoisomerase I (Top I) and topoisomerase II (Top II) were used to rapidly screen and characterize the anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative natural ligands from W. ugandensis, and the resulting potential active compounds as ligands with specific binding affinity to COX-2, 5-LOX, Top I and Top II, were isolated with modern separation and purification techniques and identified with spectroscopic method like NMR, and then their antiinflammatory and anti-proliferative activities were tested to verify the screening results from AUF-HPLC-MS/MS. Compounds 1 and 2, which screened out and identified from W. ugandensis showed remarkable binding affinity to COX-2, 5-LOX, Top I and Top II with AUF-HPLC-MS/MS. In addition, 1 new compound (compound 3), together with 5 known compounds were also isolated and identified from W. ugandensis. The structure of compound 3 was elucidated by extensive 1D, 2D NMR data and UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS. Furthermore, compounds 1 and 2 were further proved to possess both anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative activities which are in good agreement with the screening results using AUF-HPLC-MS/MS. This work showcased an efficient method for quickly screening out bioactive components with anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative activity from complex medicinal plant extracts using AUF-HPLC-MS/MS with target enzymes of interest, and also demonstrated that neolignanamides (compounds 1 and 2) from W. ugandensis would be the active components responsible for its anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative activity with the potential to treat cancer and inflammation.
Xiao-Cui Zhuang; Yong-Li Zhang; Gui-Lin Chen; Ye Liu; Xiao-Lan Hu; Na Li; Jian-Lin Wu; Ming-Quan Guo. Identification of Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Proliferative Neolignanamides from Warburgia ugandensis Employing Multi-Target Affinity Ultrafiltration and LC-MS. Pharmaceuticals 2021, 14, 313 .
AMA StyleXiao-Cui Zhuang, Yong-Li Zhang, Gui-Lin Chen, Ye Liu, Xiao-Lan Hu, Na Li, Jian-Lin Wu, Ming-Quan Guo. Identification of Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Proliferative Neolignanamides from Warburgia ugandensis Employing Multi-Target Affinity Ultrafiltration and LC-MS. Pharmaceuticals. 2021; 14 (4):313.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXiao-Cui Zhuang; Yong-Li Zhang; Gui-Lin Chen; Ye Liu; Xiao-Lan Hu; Na Li; Jian-Lin Wu; Ming-Quan Guo. 2021. "Identification of Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Proliferative Neolignanamides from Warburgia ugandensis Employing Multi-Target Affinity Ultrafiltration and LC-MS." Pharmaceuticals 14, no. 4: 313.
Ficus glumosa Delile (Moraceae), a reputed plant that is used in herbal medicine, is of high medicinal and nutritional value in local communities primarily ascribed to its phytochemical profile. Currently, there are hardly any fine details on the chemical profiling and pharmacological evaluation of this species. In this study, the flavonoids and phenolics contents of the ethanol extracts and four extracted fractions (petroleum ether (PE), ethyl acetate (EA), n-butanol, and water) of the stem bark of Ficus glumosa were firstly quantified. Further, their antioxidant and antiproliferative potentials were also evaluated. The quantitative determination indicated that the EA and n-butanol fractions possessed the highest total flavonoids/phenolics levels of 274.05 ± 0.68 mg RE/g and 78.87 ± 0.97 mg GAE/g, respectively. Similarly, for the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays, the EA fraction exhibited high potency in both DPPH and ABTS+ scavenging activities with IC50 values of 0.23 ± 0.03 mg/mL, 0.22 ± 0.03 mg/mL, and FRAP potential of 2.81 ± 0.01 mg Fe2+/g, respectively. Furthermore, the EA fraction displayed high cytotoxicity against human lung (A549) and colon (HT-29) cancer cells. Additionally, the liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) was employed in order to characterize the chemical constituents of the EA fraction of Ficus glumosa stem bark. Our findings revealed 16 compounds from the EA fraction that were possibly responsible for the strong antioxidant and anti-proliferative properties. This study provides edge-cutting background information on the exploitation of Ficus glumosa as a potential natural antioxidant and anti-cancer remedy.
Moses Mutungi; Felix Muema; Festus Kimutai; Yong-Bing Xu; Hui Zhang; Gui-Lin Chen; Ming-Quan Guo. Antioxidant and Antiproliferative Potentials of Ficus glumosa and Its Bioactive Polyphenol Metabolites. Pharmaceuticals 2021, 14, 266 .
AMA StyleMoses Mutungi, Felix Muema, Festus Kimutai, Yong-Bing Xu, Hui Zhang, Gui-Lin Chen, Ming-Quan Guo. Antioxidant and Antiproliferative Potentials of Ficus glumosa and Its Bioactive Polyphenol Metabolites. Pharmaceuticals. 2021; 14 (3):266.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMoses Mutungi; Felix Muema; Festus Kimutai; Yong-Bing Xu; Hui Zhang; Gui-Lin Chen; Ming-Quan Guo. 2021. "Antioxidant and Antiproliferative Potentials of Ficus glumosa and Its Bioactive Polyphenol Metabolites." Pharmaceuticals 14, no. 3: 266.
Warburgia ugandensis, also known as “green heart,” is widely used for the treatment of various diseases as a traditional ethnomedicinal plant in local communities in Africa. In this work, 9 and 12 potential superoxide dismutase (SOD) and xanthine oxidase (XOD) ligands from W. ugandensis were quickly screened out by combining SOD and XOD affinity ultrafiltration with LC-MS, respectively. In this way, four new lignanamides (compounds 11–14) and one new macrocyclic glycoside (compound 5), along with three known compounds (compounds 1, 3, and 7), were isolated and identified firstly in this species. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis, including NMR and UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS. Among these compounds, compound 14 showed the highest 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging activities, and total ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) with IC50 values of 6.405 ± 0.362 µM, 5.381 ± 0.092 µM, and 17.488 ± 1.625 mmol TE/g, respectively. Moreover, compound 14 displayed the highest inhibitory activity on cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) with IC50 value of 0.123 ± 0.004 µM, and the ranking order of other compounds’ IC50 values was 13 > 11 > 7 > 1 > 12. The present study suggested that lignanamides might represent interesting new characteristic functional components of W. ugandensis to exert remarkable antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Moreover, compound 14, a new arylnaphthalene lignanamide, would be a highly potential natural antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent from W. ugandensis.
Xiao-Cui Zhuang; Gui-Lin Chen; Ye Liu; Yong-Li Zhang; Ming-Quan Guo. New Lignanamides with Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities Screened Out and Identified from Warburgia ugandensis Combining Affinity Ultrafiltration LC-MS with SOD and XOD Enzymes. Antioxidants 2021, 10, 370 .
AMA StyleXiao-Cui Zhuang, Gui-Lin Chen, Ye Liu, Yong-Li Zhang, Ming-Quan Guo. New Lignanamides with Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities Screened Out and Identified from Warburgia ugandensis Combining Affinity Ultrafiltration LC-MS with SOD and XOD Enzymes. Antioxidants. 2021; 10 (3):370.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXiao-Cui Zhuang; Gui-Lin Chen; Ye Liu; Yong-Li Zhang; Ming-Quan Guo. 2021. "New Lignanamides with Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities Screened Out and Identified from Warburgia ugandensis Combining Affinity Ultrafiltration LC-MS with SOD and XOD Enzymes." Antioxidants 10, no. 3: 370.
Introduction Moringa oleifera Lam. is widely cultivated and applied in tropical and subtropical areas. Numerous studies have been focused on the antioxidant capacity of M. oleifera leaves, but its correlated bioactive phytochemicals remain elusive. Objective In order to search for the corresponding chemical compounds from M. oleifera leaves responsible for their antioxidant activity, the correlations between phytochemical fingerprints of 15 batches of M. oleifera leaves and their antioxidant activities were investigated by using chemometric analysis. Material and Methods Fifteen batches of M. oleifera leaves were extracted with 90% ethanol solution, and their phytochemical fingerprints and antioxidant activities were estimated by using high‐performance liquid chromatography‐ultraviolet‐electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC‐UV/ESI‐MS/MS), and three detected methods, namely 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, 2,2′‐azinobis‐(3‐ethylbenzthiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid) (ABTS) assay and ferric‐reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay, respectively. Chemometric analysis was then applied to reveal the correlations between their phytochemical fingerprints and corresponding antioxidant capacity. Results Fifteen M. oleifera leaf extracts exhibited strong antioxidant activities, in which 24 common compounds were identified by LC–MS. Furthermore, the partial least squares (PLS) analysis indicated that compounds 14, 16, 18 and 23 were the main potential effective components in at least two antioxidant tests. They were identified as kaempferol 3‐O‐rutinoside, quercetin 3‐O‐(6″‐malonyl‐glucoside), kaempferol 3‐O‐glucoside, and quercetin derivative, respectively. Conclusion The correlations between phytochemical fingerprints of M. oleifera leaf extracts and their corresponding antioxidant capacities were revealed by chemometric analysis, which provides an alternative method for screening for potential bioactive compounds with antioxidant capacity from M. oleifera leaves.
Yongbing Xu; Guilin Chen; Mingquan Guo. Correlations between phytochemical fingerprints of Moringa oleifera leaf extracts and their antioxidant activities revealed by chemometric analysis. Phytochemical Analysis 2020, 32, 698 -709.
AMA StyleYongbing Xu, Guilin Chen, Mingquan Guo. Correlations between phytochemical fingerprints of Moringa oleifera leaf extracts and their antioxidant activities revealed by chemometric analysis. Phytochemical Analysis. 2020; 32 (5):698-709.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYongbing Xu; Guilin Chen; Mingquan Guo. 2020. "Correlations between phytochemical fingerprints of Moringa oleifera leaf extracts and their antioxidant activities revealed by chemometric analysis." Phytochemical Analysis 32, no. 5: 698-709.
Marine drugs have long been used and exhibit unique advantages in clinical practices. Among the marine drugs that have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the protein–ligand interactions, such as cytarabine–DNA polymerase, vidarabine–adenylyl cyclase, and eribulin–tubulin complexes, are the important mechanisms of action for their efficacy. However, the complex and multi-targeted components in marine medicinal resources, their bio-active chemical basis, and mechanisms of action have posed huge challenges in the discovery and development of marine drugs so far, which need to be systematically investigated in-depth. Molecular docking could effectively predict the binding mode and binding energy of the protein–ligand complexes and has become a major method of computer-aided drug design (CADD), hence this powerful tool has been widely used in many aspects of the research on marine drugs. This review introduces the basic principles and software of the molecular docking and further summarizes the applications of this method in marine drug discovery and design, including the early virtual screening in the drug discovery stage, drug target discovery, potential mechanisms of action, and the prediction of drug metabolism. In addition, this review would also discuss and prospect the problems of molecular docking, in order to provide more theoretical basis for clinical practices and new marine drug research and development.
Guilin Chen; Armel Seukep; Mingquan Guo. Recent Advances in Molecular Docking for the Research and Discovery of Potential Marine Drugs. Marine Drugs 2020, 18, 545 .
AMA StyleGuilin Chen, Armel Seukep, Mingquan Guo. Recent Advances in Molecular Docking for the Research and Discovery of Potential Marine Drugs. Marine Drugs. 2020; 18 (11):545.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGuilin Chen; Armel Seukep; Mingquan Guo. 2020. "Recent Advances in Molecular Docking for the Research and Discovery of Potential Marine Drugs." Marine Drugs 18, no. 11: 545.
Essential oil components of Nelumbo nucifera flowers from cultivated and wild lotus samples were analyzed and compared using three different extraction techniques, i.e., headspace extraction (HE), steam distillation (SD) and solvent extraction (SE), coupled with GC-MS. Forty-two peaks in the GC-MS analysis were identified as essential oil components extracted by the three methods from N. nucifera flower. The major essential oil components extracted by SD method were found to be Z,Z-10,12-hexadecadienal and E-14-hexadecenal with relative contents of 16.3% and 16.7%, respectively, which is different from that of SE method, i.e., n-hexadecanoic acid and Z,Z-9,12-octadecadienoic acid accounting for 25.8% and 26.8%, respectively. HE method demonstrated a possibility to be used as an in situ and simplest method for extracting the essential oil components from raw materials. By adding a small amount of glycerinum onto the surface of the air-dried flower sample as a solvent trap in the HE method, the volatility of the essential oil components was found to increase by two times for the first time, which could be further utilized to improve the extraction efficiency and the recovery of the essential oil components from other materials for more applications. In addition, the comparison of essential oil components between cultivated and wild samples showed that they differed only in the chemical contents but not in chemical components. This will be a comprehensive report on the chemical information of the essential oil components of N. nucifera flower and provide guidance for its further exploration as high value-added products in the food and healthcare industries.
Chun-Yun Zhang; Mingquan Guo. Comparing Three Different Extraction Techniques on Essential Oil Profiles of Cultivated and Wild Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) Flower. Life 2020, 10, 209 .
AMA StyleChun-Yun Zhang, Mingquan Guo. Comparing Three Different Extraction Techniques on Essential Oil Profiles of Cultivated and Wild Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) Flower. Life. 2020; 10 (9):209.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChun-Yun Zhang; Mingquan Guo. 2020. "Comparing Three Different Extraction Techniques on Essential Oil Profiles of Cultivated and Wild Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) Flower." Life 10, no. 9: 209.
Plukenetia huayllabambana is an edible plant traditionally used to cure wounds and various infections. The present work assessed, for the first time, the antibacterial efficacy of solvent fractions from P. huayllabambana fruits. The crude methanol extract was obtained applying ultrasound-assisted extraction, followed by partitioning through successive depletion among solvents of increasing polarity to yield fractions (n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol). The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined following antibacterial testing, using the broth microdilution technique against a panel of drug-resistant Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Possible modes of action of the most active fraction were also investigated. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) was used to identify phytocompounds that may account for the recorded activities. Methanol, n-hexane (PH-n-Hex), and ethyl acetate extracts inhibited 100% of studied bacteria, with the recorded MIC ranging from 0.125–1 mg/mL. PH-n-Hex appeared as the most active partition, exerting a bacteriostatic effect. PH-n-Hex probably acts by interfering with bacterial biofilm formation, proton pumps, and bacterial cell membrane integrity. The GC–MS analysis of PH-n-Hex led to the identification of 11 potentially bioactive components, including fatty acids, phytosterol, and diterpene alcohol as major ones. P. huayllabambana can be considered as a plant of pharmacological value—a source of potent anti-infective drug entities.
Armel Jackson Seukep; Minxia Fan; Satyajit Dey Sarker; Victor Kuete; Ming-Quan Guo. Plukenetia huayllabambana Fruits: Analysis of Bioactive Compounds, Antibacterial Activity and Relative Action Mechanisms. Plants 2020, 9, 1111 .
AMA StyleArmel Jackson Seukep, Minxia Fan, Satyajit Dey Sarker, Victor Kuete, Ming-Quan Guo. Plukenetia huayllabambana Fruits: Analysis of Bioactive Compounds, Antibacterial Activity and Relative Action Mechanisms. Plants. 2020; 9 (9):1111.
Chicago/Turabian StyleArmel Jackson Seukep; Minxia Fan; Satyajit Dey Sarker; Victor Kuete; Ming-Quan Guo. 2020. "Plukenetia huayllabambana Fruits: Analysis of Bioactive Compounds, Antibacterial Activity and Relative Action Mechanisms." Plants 9, no. 9: 1111.
Moringa oleifera Lam. (M. oleifera) leaves have long been consumed as both nutritive vegetable and popular folk medicine for hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia in Kenya communities. In the current study, in vitro inhibition by M. oleifera leaf extract (MOLE, 90% (v/v) ethanol) of α-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase was demonstrated, followed by determination of the effects of MOLE on both glucose consumption and lipid levels (TC, TG, HDL-C and LDL-C) in 3T3-L1 cells. Potential ligands in MOLE were fast screened using affinity ultrafiltration LC-MS, and 14 and 10 components displayed certain binding affinity to α-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase, respectively. Docking studies revealed the binding energies and hydrogen bonds between potential ligands and enzymes. This study suggests that M. oleifera leaves may be a promising natural source for the prevention and treatment of hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia as well as a functional food or other product for health care in the near future.
Gui-Lin Chen; Yong-Bing Xu; Jian-Lin Wu; Na Li; Ming-Quan Guo. Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of Moringa oleifera leaves and their functional chemical constituents. Food Chemistry 2020, 333, 127478 .
AMA StyleGui-Lin Chen, Yong-Bing Xu, Jian-Lin Wu, Na Li, Ming-Quan Guo. Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of Moringa oleifera leaves and their functional chemical constituents. Food Chemistry. 2020; 333 ():127478.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGui-Lin Chen; Yong-Bing Xu; Jian-Lin Wu; Na Li; Ming-Quan Guo. 2020. "Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of Moringa oleifera leaves and their functional chemical constituents." Food Chemistry 333, no. : 127478.
Many species belonging to the genus Echinops are widely used in traditional medicine to treat infectious diseases and cancers. The present study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial and antiproliferative properties of Echinops lanceolatus Mattf. (Asteraceae). The activity of the methanolic extract and subsequent partition fractions was investigated against drug-resistant bacteria (Gram-negative and Gram-positive) and human tumor cell lines using broth microdilution and sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay, respectively. Our findings revealed weak to moderate antibacterial activities of tested extracts, with the recorded minimal inhibitory concentrations ranging from 256 to 1024 µg/mL. The ethyl acetate fraction (EL-EA) was found to be the most effective. Likewise, that fraction displayed strong antiproliferative potential with recorded IC50 of 8.27 µg/mL and 28.27 µg/mL on A549 and HeLa cells, respectively. An analysis based on the ultra-performance liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC–ESI–MS/MS) of the EL-EA fraction allowed the identification of 32 compounds, of which quinic acid and derivatives, cinnamic acid derivatives, dihydrokaempferol, naringenin-7-O-glucoside, apigenin-7-O-d-glucoside, naringin, apigenin, rhoifolin, coniferyl aldehyde, and secoisolariciresinol are well-known compounds of biological importance. This study is first to report on the biological activity and phytochemical profile of E. lanceolatus. We provide a baseline to consider E. lanceolatus as a valuable source of anti-infective and antiproliferative agents.
Armel Jackson Seukep; Yong-Li Zhang; Yong-Bing Xu; Ming-Quan Guo. In Vitro Antibacterial and Antiproliferative Potential of Echinops lanceolatus Mattf. (Asteraceae) and Identification of Potential Bioactive Compounds. Pharmaceuticals 2020, 13, 59 .
AMA StyleArmel Jackson Seukep, Yong-Li Zhang, Yong-Bing Xu, Ming-Quan Guo. In Vitro Antibacterial and Antiproliferative Potential of Echinops lanceolatus Mattf. (Asteraceae) and Identification of Potential Bioactive Compounds. Pharmaceuticals. 2020; 13 (4):59.
Chicago/Turabian StyleArmel Jackson Seukep; Yong-Li Zhang; Yong-Bing Xu; Ming-Quan Guo. 2020. "In Vitro Antibacterial and Antiproliferative Potential of Echinops lanceolatus Mattf. (Asteraceae) and Identification of Potential Bioactive Compounds." Pharmaceuticals 13, no. 4: 59.
Rhamnus prinoides L’Herit (R. prinoides) has long been widely consumed as folk medicine in Kenya and other Africa countries. Previous studies indicated that polyphenols were abundant in genus Rhamnus and exhibited outstanding antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. However, there are very few studies on such pharmacological activities and the polyphenol profile of this plant up to now. In the present study, the antioxidant activities of the crude R. prinoides extracts (CRE) and the semi-purified R. prinoides extracts (SPRE) of polyphenol enriched fractions were evaluated to show the strong radical scavenging effects against 1,1-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl) hydrazyl (DPPH) (0.510 ± 0.046 and 0.204 ± 0.005, mg/mL), and 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) (0.596 ± 0.005 and 0.096 ± 0.004, mg/mL), respectively. Later, the SPRE with higher contents of polyphenols and flavonoids displayed obvious anti-inflammatory activities through reducing the NO production at the dosage of 11.11 − 100 μg/mL, and the COX-2 inhibitory activity with an IC50 value at 20.61 ± 0.13 μg/mL. Meanwhile, the HPLC-UV/ESI-MS/MS analysis of polyphenol profile of R. prinoides revealed that flavonoids and their glycosides were the major ingredients, and potentially responsible for its strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. For the first time, the present study comprehensively demonstrated the chemical profile of R. prinoides, as well as noteworthy antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, which confirmed that R. prinoides is a good natural source of polyphenols and flavonoids, and provided valuable information on this medicinal plant as folk medicine and with good potential for future healthcare practice.
Gui-Lin Chen; Fredrick Munyao Mutie; Yong-Bing Xu; Flora Didii Saleri; Guang-Wan Hu; Ming-Quan Guo. Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory Activities and Polyphenol Profile of Rhamnus prinoides. Pharmaceuticals 2020, 13, 55 .
AMA StyleGui-Lin Chen, Fredrick Munyao Mutie, Yong-Bing Xu, Flora Didii Saleri, Guang-Wan Hu, Ming-Quan Guo. Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory Activities and Polyphenol Profile of Rhamnus prinoides. Pharmaceuticals. 2020; 13 (4):55.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGui-Lin Chen; Fredrick Munyao Mutie; Yong-Bing Xu; Flora Didii Saleri; Guang-Wan Hu; Ming-Quan Guo. 2020. "Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory Activities and Polyphenol Profile of Rhamnus prinoides." Pharmaceuticals 13, no. 4: 55.
Screening for anti-anaerobic drug candidates is still challenging although the anaerobic bacteria are important sources for human infections, because the method for anti-anaerobic activity testing is not readily available with low-cost and -expertise. We report a novel method for the determination of the anti-anaerobic activity of drug candidates by automated headspace-gas chromatography (HS-GC). Anaerobic bacteria were inoculated in an anaerobic atmosphere or rapidly using sterile syringe in an air-tight manner, and incubated with and without drugs for 48 h. The metabolic acidities of the cultured media were used as an indicator of cell activities and measured as end-products in place by HS-GC after being completely converted to CO2 with sodium bicarbonate. The present method is precise (relative standard deviation is below 5%) and validated by excellent agreements with a reference method on the determinations of the inhibition rates (root-mean-square error = 10%, n = 48) and half maximal inhibitory concentrations (R2 = 0.996, n = 8) of both pure drug compounds and plant extracts. Advantageously, the present method is sensitive in response to cell activity, safe with regard to cross contamination, and suitable for routine screening of diversified drug candidates for anti-anaerobic activity.
Chun-Yun Zhang; Meng-Hui Li; Ming-Quan Guo. A phase conversion headspace technique for the determination of anti-anaerobic activity of drug candidate based on the metabolic acidity change in culture medium. Journal of Chromatography A 2020, 1621, 461024 .
AMA StyleChun-Yun Zhang, Meng-Hui Li, Ming-Quan Guo. A phase conversion headspace technique for the determination of anti-anaerobic activity of drug candidate based on the metabolic acidity change in culture medium. Journal of Chromatography A. 2020; 1621 ():461024.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChun-Yun Zhang; Meng-Hui Li; Ming-Quan Guo. 2020. "A phase conversion headspace technique for the determination of anti-anaerobic activity of drug candidate based on the metabolic acidity change in culture medium." Journal of Chromatography A 1621, no. : 461024.
Hagenia abyssinica (Bruce) J. F. Gmel. is a multipurpose dioecious tree that has been used to treat various ailments, for example, the flowers of H. abyssinica have been widely used as a tea to treat intestinal parasites by local residents and the roots of H. abyssinica could also be used for anticancer purposes. Antioxidant activity could be one of the most important pathways to suppress cancer and there is hardly any information available on the specific chemical components corresponding to the bioactivities of H. abyssinica to date. The present study intended to screen and evaluate the antioxidant and anti-proliferative properties of five different fractions from H. abyssinica along with their corresponding total flavonoid and phenolic contents and then further identify those compounds with the most potent antioxidant and anti-proliferative activities using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled to mass spectrometry (MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The total flavonoid and phenolic content assays showed that the ethyl acetate (EA) fraction of H. abyssinica had higher flavonoid and phenolic levels than the other four fractions. Furthermore, the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) superoxide radical scavenging abilities, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) assay with 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) were measured to evaluate the antioxidant activities of the five fractions and some pure compounds isolated from the EA fraction, which displayed higher antioxidant properties than that of the other fractions. Caffeic acid from the EA fraction showed even stronger DPPH scavenging ability (IC50 7.858 ± 0.31 µg/mL) than that of Vc (IC50 8.27 ± 0.11 µg/mL) as the positive control. The anti-proliferative properties of four fractions and the ethanol extract were evaluated by the 3-(4,5)-dimethylthiahiazo (-z-y1)-3,5-di-phenytetrazoliumromide (MTT) assay and the EA fraction exhibited higher anti-proliferative activities against three cancer cell lines than that of the other fractions. Additionally, the compounds with good antioxidant activity from the EA fraction of H. abyssinica were screened and identified using LC-MS and NMR and were also found to possess good anti-proliferative activity. In the MTT assay, the quercetin showed the strongest dose-dependent anti-proliferative activities to colon cancer cells (HT-29) and liver cancer cells (HepG2) among all of the compounds isolated. This study provided valuable information on the synergistic antioxidant and anti-proliferative properties of H. abyssinica.
Minxia Fan; Guilin Chen; Yongli Zhang; Lutfun Nahar; Satyajit Dey Sarker; Guangwan Hu; Mingquan Guo. Antioxidant and Anti-Proliferative Properties of Hagenia abyssinica Roots and Their Potentially Active Components. Antioxidants 2020, 9, 143 .
AMA StyleMinxia Fan, Guilin Chen, Yongli Zhang, Lutfun Nahar, Satyajit Dey Sarker, Guangwan Hu, Mingquan Guo. Antioxidant and Anti-Proliferative Properties of Hagenia abyssinica Roots and Their Potentially Active Components. Antioxidants. 2020; 9 (2):143.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMinxia Fan; Guilin Chen; Yongli Zhang; Lutfun Nahar; Satyajit Dey Sarker; Guangwan Hu; Mingquan Guo. 2020. "Antioxidant and Anti-Proliferative Properties of Hagenia abyssinica Roots and Their Potentially Active Components." Antioxidants 9, no. 2: 143.
The headspace gas chromatographic method has been widely used to detect volatile metabolites to reflect the growth state of microorganisms, however, it has never been used for the determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration in antibacterial drugs. This paper reports a new method for evaluating the antimicrobial activity of drugs by measuring the amount of CO2 produced by bacterial metabolism after treatment with drugs. According to the amount of CO2 produced by bacterial metabolism, a proper amount of bacterial liquid is selected and added to a drug-containing culture medium as compared with bacteria without drugs in parallel. The amount of CO2 produced by bacteria is measured by using a headspace gas chromatograph coupled with a thermal conductivity detector to measure the bacteriostasis rate and the minimum bacteriostasis concentration of the tested drug, so as to evaluate its antibacterial activity. The accuracy of this method was verified by comparison with the standard method (the OD method), which indicated that the precision was less than 3 % (expressed by relative standard deviation), the inhibition rate (R2 = 0.968) was consistent with the reference method above. This method is simple in operation and can avoid the error caused by the properties of the sample such as volatility, solubility and color in the determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration. It is suitable for the determination of antibacterial activity of drugs, especially natural drugs.
Menghui Li; Chunyun Zhang; Guilin Chen; Lutfun Nahar; Satyajit D. Sarker; Mingquan Guo. Headspace gas chromatographic method for antimicrobial screening: Minimum inhibitory concentration determination. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 2020, 181, 113122 .
AMA StyleMenghui Li, Chunyun Zhang, Guilin Chen, Lutfun Nahar, Satyajit D. Sarker, Mingquan Guo. Headspace gas chromatographic method for antimicrobial screening: Minimum inhibitory concentration determination. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis. 2020; 181 ():113122.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMenghui Li; Chunyun Zhang; Guilin Chen; Lutfun Nahar; Satyajit D. Sarker; Mingquan Guo. 2020. "Headspace gas chromatographic method for antimicrobial screening: Minimum inhibitory concentration determination." Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 181, no. : 113122.
The upsurge of multiple drug resistance (MDR) bacteria substantially diminishes the effectiveness of antibiotic arsenal and therefore intensifies the rate of therapeutic failure. The major factor in MDR is efflux pump-mediated resistance. A unique pump can make bacteria withstand a wide range of structurally diverse compounds. Therefore, their inhibition is a promising route to eliminate resistance phenomenon in bacteria. Phytochemicals are excellent alternatives as resistance-modifying agents. They can directly kill bacteria or interact with the crucial events of pathogenicity, thereby decreasing the ability of bacteria to develop resistance. Numerous botanicals display noteworthy efflux pumps inhibitory activities. Edible plants are of growing interest. Likewise, some plant families would be excellent sources of efflux pump inhibitors (EPIs) including Apocynaceae, Berberidaceae, Convolvulaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Fabaceae, Lamiaceae, and Zingiberaceae. Easily applicable methods for screening plant-derived EPIs include checkerboard synergy test, berberine uptake assay and ethidium bromide test. In silico high-throughput virtual detection can be evaluated as a criterion of excluding compounds with efflux substrate-like characteristics, thereby improving the selection process and extending the identification of EPIs. To ascertain the efflux activity inhibition, real-time PCR and quantitative mass spectrometry can be applied. This review emphasizes on efflux pumps and their roles in transmitting bacterial resistance and an update plant-derived EPIs and strategies for identification.
Armel Jackson Seukep; Victor Kuete; Lutfun Nahar; Satyajit D. Sarker; Mingquan Guo. Plant-derived secondary metabolites as the main source of efflux pump inhibitors and methods for identification. Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2019, 10, 277 -290.
AMA StyleArmel Jackson Seukep, Victor Kuete, Lutfun Nahar, Satyajit D. Sarker, Mingquan Guo. Plant-derived secondary metabolites as the main source of efflux pump inhibitors and methods for identification. Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis. 2019; 10 (4):277-290.
Chicago/Turabian StyleArmel Jackson Seukep; Victor Kuete; Lutfun Nahar; Satyajit D. Sarker; Mingquan Guo. 2019. "Plant-derived secondary metabolites as the main source of efflux pump inhibitors and methods for identification." Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 10, no. 4: 277-290.
Introduction Cannabinoids are organic compounds, natural or synthetic, that bind to the cannabinoid receptors and have similar pharmacological properties as produced by the cannabis plant, Cannabis sativa. Gas chromatography (GC), e.g. gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC–MS), is a popular analytical tool that has been used extensively to analyse cannabinoids in various matrices. Objective To review published literature on the use of various GC‐based analytical methods for the analysis of naturally occurring cannabinoids published during the past decade. Methodology A comprehensive literature search was performed utilising several databases, like Web of Knowledge, PubMed and Google Scholar, and other relevant published materials including published books. The keywords used, in various combinations, with cannabinoids being present in all combinations, in the search were cannabinoids, Cannabis sativa, marijuana, analysis, GC, quantitative, qualitative and quality control. Results During the past decade, several GC‐based methods for the analysis of cannabinoids have been reported. While simple one‐dimensional (1D) GC–MS and GC‐FID (flame ionisation detector) methods were found to be quite common in cannabinoids analysis, two‐dimensional (2D) GC–MS as well as GC–MS/MS also were popular because of their ability to provide more useful data for identification and quantification of cannabinoids in various matrices. Some degree of automation in sample preparation, and applications of mathematical and computational models for optimisation of different protocols were observed, and pre‐analyses included various derivatisation techniques, and environmentally friendly extraction protocols. Conclusions GC‐based analysis of naturally occurring cannabinoids, especially using GC–MS, has dominated the cannabinoids analysis in the last decade; new derivatisation methods, new ionisation methods, and mathematical models for method optimisation have been introduced.
Lutfun Nahar; Mingquan Guo; Satyajit D. Sarker. Gas chromatographic analysis of naturally occurring cannabinoids: A review of literature published during the past decade. Phytochemical Analysis 2019, 31, 135 -146.
AMA StyleLutfun Nahar, Mingquan Guo, Satyajit D. Sarker. Gas chromatographic analysis of naturally occurring cannabinoids: A review of literature published during the past decade. Phytochemical Analysis. 2019; 31 (2):135-146.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLutfun Nahar; Mingquan Guo; Satyajit D. Sarker. 2019. "Gas chromatographic analysis of naturally occurring cannabinoids: A review of literature published during the past decade." Phytochemical Analysis 31, no. 2: 135-146.
Moringa oleifera Lam. (M. oleifera) is commonly distributed and utilized in tropical and sub-tropical areas. There has been a large number of reports on the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of its leaves, but only a few about its seeds and roots. Hence, in this work we aimed to systematically compare the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of the ethanol crude extracts of leaves, seeds, and roots of M. oleifera from Kenya, and further correlate the differential activities with the chemical constituents from these three parts. The antioxidant activities were measured by using three different assays (DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), ABTS (2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) and FRAP (Ferric-Reducing Antioxidant Power), respectively). Results showed that the leaf extracts displayed the highest DPPH radical scavenging and FRAP total reducing power activities with IC50 values of 1.02 ± 0.13 mg/mL and 0.99 ± 0.06 mM Fe2+/g, respectively; the leaf and root extracts exhibited potential ABTS radical scavenging activities with the IC50 values of 1.36 ± 0.02 and 1.24 ± 0.03 mg/mL. Meanwhile, the leaf and seed extracts (11.1-100 µg/mL) also exerted obvious anti-inflammatory activities, as indicated by the inhibition of NO production. To further reveal correlations between these differential activities with the chemical constituents in the three organs, the total flavonoids content (TFC) of the three different extracts were evaluated, and the TFC of leaves, seeds and roots were found to be 192.36 ± 2.96, 5.89 ± 0.65 and 106.79 ± 2.12 mg rutin equivalent (RE)/g, respectively. These findings indicated the important impacts of the total flavonoid contents on antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Additionally, we further determined the phytochemical profiles of M. oleifera by HPLC-UV/ESI-MS/MS, and identified most of the chemical constituents of leaves as flavonoids. In summary, the leaves of M. oleifera are a better potential natural source of antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents, and very promising for development into the health promoting dietary supplements.
Yong-Bing Xu; Gui-Lin Chen; Ming-Quan Guo. Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of the Crude Extracts of Moringa oleifera from Kenya and Their Correlations with Flavonoids. Antioxidants 2019, 8, 296 .
AMA StyleYong-Bing Xu, Gui-Lin Chen, Ming-Quan Guo. Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of the Crude Extracts of Moringa oleifera from Kenya and Their Correlations with Flavonoids. Antioxidants. 2019; 8 (8):296.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYong-Bing Xu; Gui-Lin Chen; Ming-Quan Guo. 2019. "Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of the Crude Extracts of Moringa oleifera from Kenya and Their Correlations with Flavonoids." Antioxidants 8, no. 8: 296.
Artemisinin (1), a well-known natural antimalarial drug, is a sesquiterpene lactone that contains a unique peroxide bridge. Since its discovery, the amount of research into the analysis of artemisinin has increased considerably, and it has been further intensified since the Noble Prize win by Tu Youyou in the year 2015 for the discovery of artemisinin. To review literature on the extraction and analysis of artemisinin, published during 2017-present, and to present an appraisal of those methods. Extensive literature search was carried out which involved, but not limited to, the use of, various databases, like Web of Knowledge, PubMed and Google Scholar, and relevant published materials including published books. The keywords used, in various combinations, with artemisinin being present in all combinations, in the search were artemisinin, Artemisia annua, analysis, extraction, quantitative, qualitative and quality control. During the period covered in this review, several methods of analysis of artemisinin have been reported, the most of which were liquid chromatography (LC)-based methods. However, the use of new methods like near-infrared analysis, fluorometirc analysis and molecular imprinting, and a significant increase in the use of computational tools have been observed. Mainly several methods involving supercritical fluid extraction and ultrasound-assisted extraction of artemisinin have dominated the extraction area. Newer analytical tools, as well as improved protocols for the known analytical tools, for qualitative and quantitative determination of artemisinin (1), have been made available by various researchers during the period covered by this review. Supercritical fluid extraction and ultrasound-assisted extraction are still the methods of choice for extraction of artemisinin.
Lutfun Nahar; Mingquan Guo; Satyajit D. Sarker. A review on the latest advances in extraction and analysis of artemisinin. Phytochemical Analysis 2019, 31, 5 -14.
AMA StyleLutfun Nahar, Mingquan Guo, Satyajit D. Sarker. A review on the latest advances in extraction and analysis of artemisinin. Phytochemical Analysis. 2019; 31 (1):5-14.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLutfun Nahar; Mingquan Guo; Satyajit D. Sarker. 2019. "A review on the latest advances in extraction and analysis of artemisinin." Phytochemical Analysis 31, no. 1: 5-14.