O número de estudos a respeito de flotação de caulinita tem crescido nos últimos anos, principalmente, devido às contribuições dos pesquisadores chineses. As bauxitas chinesas apresentam alta quantidade de aluminossilicatos, entre eles caulinita, o que prejudica sua utilização no processo Bayer. Esse trabalho apresenta resultados de testes de microflotação de caulinita com três aminas: dodecilamina (amina primária), Flotigam EDA (eteramina) e Duomeen T (amina graxa). Dodecilamina e Flotigam EDA apresentaram eficiente ação coletora na concentração de 1x10-4 mol/L. DuomeenT se mostrou eficiente em concentração mais alta, 1x10-3 mol/L. O ponto isoelétrico da caulinita, determinado a partir de medidas de potencial zeta, ocorreu em pH = 4,6. O estudo do potencial zeta da caulinita, na presença e na ausência de dodecilamina e Flotigam EDA, mostrou que a presença de amina no sistema altera seu ponto isoelétrico. Tal variação sugere que ocorreu adsorção dos coletores na superfície da caulinita.
1 January 2021 in REM - International Engineering Journal
The final disposal of tailings in the form of paste is a technological alternative. The objective of the present study is to obtain knowledge and compare different operational conditions that are favorable to the production of paste with the fine tailings generated after final desliming stage, obtained from the processing of metallic and non-metallic ores. The sample tailings, despite having a specific weight and similar granulometry, presented different behaviors related to the formation of paste. The minerals calcite and dolomite were predominant in the phosphate tailings while in the manganese tailings, there were pyrolusite and kaolinite. The used column thickener with the best operational conditions found to obtain a maximum concentration of solids after 3 hours of continuous thickening: 55% (manganese tailing) and 70% (phosphate tailing), with values of yield stress around 100 Pa and 300 Pa respectively. This indicates that the pumping conditions are not the same. According to the slump and flume tests, it was possible to preliminary estimate the reduction of the disposal area and the recovery of process water considering the case of a final disposal paste.