Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that causes impairment in daily living activities. Although there is no consensus on the pathophysiology of this disease, neuroinflammation is known to be associated with this disease. Objective: To evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of nanoparticles containing alpha-humulene (HUM) in an experimental model of AD. Methodology: Thirty-three animals were included in the sample, 3 of which were in the negative control group. The other 30 patients received the amyloid-beta peptide in the CA1 region of the hippocampus for neuroinflammation. The cells were allowed to rest for 30 days for the inflammatory process to occur. The HUM group was treated with α-humulene particles, the NHUM group was treated with α-humulene nanoparticles for 15 days, and the CP group was not treated. Results: There were significant differences in IFN concentrations between the CP and CN (p=0.0001), HUM and CN (p=0.0003), CP and NHUM (p=0.0006), and HUM and NHUM (p=0.0495) groups. There was no difference in TNF-α levels between the groups. IL-6 levels were significantly different between the CP and NHUM groups (p=0.0078) and between the CP and CN groups (p=0.0009). IL-12 levels were significantly different between the CP and CN (p=0.0001) and between the NHUM and CN (p=0.0160). Overall, the highest concentration was in the CP group. Concerning IL-10, there was a difference between the CP and NHUM (p=0.0003) and between the NHUM and CN (p=0.0005), with the NHUM having the highest concentration. Immunohistochemistry analysis of the anti-Tau and anti-GAPF antibodies revealed strong positivity in the CP group, positivity in the HUM group, and weak positivity in the NHUM group. Conclusion: Treatments for Alzheimer's disease and HUM and NHUM were effective.

Background: Quercetin is a flavonoid widely found in plant kingdom and target of studies in pharmacological area due to its potent antinociceptive effect compared to analgesics used in conventional therapies. The aim was to evaluate its antinociceptive activity and antinociception mechanism. Methods: For this, 40 Norvegicus Wistar rats were used, divided into 4 groups: Q50 (treated with quercetin 50 mg/Kg), Q100 (treated with quercetin 100 mg/Kg), Q500 (treated with quercetin 500 mg/Kg) and Positive control (PC) without quercetin treatment), who were submitted through the pain induction methods by tail immersion and formalin in the first step to assess antinociceptive action and in the second step, tail immersion method receiving antagonists from opioid, cholinergic and nitric oxide - L-arginine to evaluate the action mechanism. Results: Quercetin antinociceptive activity was verified at the dose of 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg in tail immersion test after formalin injection, with better performance at the dose of 50 mg/kg. There were no statistically significant results in paw opening and capsaicin tests. Quercetin demonstrated a possible influence on opioid and cholinergic pathway, which was not observed on the nitric acid - L-arginine pathway in view of parameters tested. Conclusion: Quercetin performed the best antinociceptive activity at a dose 50 mg/kg and there was a possible influence on opioid and cholinergic pathways.

Background: The use of photobiomodulation can be effective in the healing of tissues, highlighting the use of LED in tissue repair. Was evaluated the effect of 627 nm wavelength LED irradiation on VEGF-α and TGF-β1 expressions in a model of secondary intention wound healing. Methods: The evaluations were performed using a dorsal puncture model and the sample consisted of 120 Wistar rats, randomly divided into LED groups submitted to 3, 7, 14 and 21 irradiation treatment for 100 s, 7 J / cm2, and control groups. Histological analysis, immunohistochemistry and contraction of the lesion were performed. Results: LED irradiation led to effective wound regeneration results. Similar effects were obtained with vascular, exudative, and proliferative phenomena. VEGF and TGF-β1 levels were increased in LED-treated groups with initial treatments. Collagen analysis revealed that LED-treated groups levels were increased on days 14- and 21 of the treatments. An acceleration in tissue regeneration was observed in LED treated groups. Macroscopically visible results showing a complete healing process was evident after 14 days of treatment. Conclusion: 627 nm LED irradiation effectively accelerated wound healing leading complete closure of the skin in a shorter time compared to control group.

Breast cancer (BC) has been highlighted worldwide in view of its high prevalence. There are several risk factors that can be associated with the occurrence of BC, such as reproductive aspects, genetic mutations and family history. In this sense, lifestyle and environmental conditions may also be relevant - factors that are related to environmental contamination by pesticides, which in Brazil stands out, given the high consumption rates, therefore, exposure of the population. Since some types of BC associate themselves to the positive regulation of ERs, being sensitive to certain pesticides, it is valid to assume the existence, thus, an epigenetic association between cases. Thus, through a systematic review of the literature of studies reporting pesticides that alter estrogenic expression and activity and esstablish a risk for BC, focusing on epigenetic mechanisms. Descriptors were used and inclusion and exclusion criteria were established, so that 195 articles were found, and 3 were selected by the criteria. It is evident the existence of a relationship between estrogenic regulation and activity according to mechanisms that interfere in the expression of associated control genes, and the set of these factors is determinant for the increased risk of developing BC. However, the epigenetic genetic mechanisms described, associated with BC, are not standardized, and further research in the area is necessary in order to delineate more clearly the epigenetic aspects that permeate the disease.

Stroke is one of the leading causes of death worldwide; its severity is associated with high death rates and motor, cognitive, and sensory . Several interventions have been proposed in recent years to prevent and primarily treat stroke. LED stands out as one of these interventions; it indicates promising results because it stimulates cellular metabolism, increasing the cellular regenerative potential, and promoting . Thus, the present study evaluated the effects of 630 nm LED in animals submitted to ischemic stroke by analyzing and motor behavior. This was an experimental study with a controlled qualitative and quantitative intervention, with a sample of 30 male Wistar Rattus divided into two groups: a control group and treated group, consisting of 15 animals each. The experimental time points were 3, 7, and 21 days of treatment. All animals were submitted to surgery for the implantation of an electrode and subsequent electrolytic lesion. The quantitative results in the three experimental time points indicate treatment superiority using the 630 nm LED compared to the control group. The findings also showed increased tissue in the treated group at 3, 7, and 21 days of treatment when compared to the control group. Hence, the results suggest that the 630 nm LED guided treatment in the experimental time points of 3, 7, and 21 days was superior to those in the control group, showing animals with increased motor response according to the apprehension test, and improved according to the evaluation.

Resumo: A doença de Alzheimer (DA) é neurodegenerativa e progressiva, ocasionando uma série de mudanças na estrutura cerebral e incapacidades funcionais, dificultando a realização das atividades de vida diárias e sociais, presentes e desejadas por toda a sociedade, necessitando de alternativas eficientes no manejo da doença. Nesse sentido a utilização da realidade virtual (RV), vem sendo bastante visada na área da pesquisa, pela possibilidade de vivenciar experiências semelhantes às diárias, capazes de explorar várias emoções, assim como a cognição e aptidão física, tornando a realidade virtual uma estratégia interessante na reabilitação funcional física e cognitiva, útil tanto na avaliação quanto tratamento de diversas patologias. Metodologia: O presente estudo trata-se de uma revisão sistemática da literatura que buscou identificar as diferentes formas de utilização da RV em indivíduos com DA. A busca foi realizada nas seguintes bases de dados eletrônicas: PubMed; PeDro; EBSCO, Lilacs e SciELO. Após os critérios de inclusão e exclusão, foram selecionados quatro artigos científicos. Resultados: A literatura apoia uso da RV como instrumento de tratamento e avaliação de pacientes com DA, tendo resultados satisfatórios e animadores como sendo uma técnica eficaz e que facilita a análise de evolução e de estado desses pacientes. Conclusão: Concluímos que a realidade virtual tem se mostrado promissora no tratamento e avaliação de pacientes com déficits cognitivos associado a Doença de Alzheimer. Porém, novos estudos fazem-se necessário para que possamos eleger os melhores recursos de RV para melhor atender pacientes com DA e suas necessidades específicas.