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Prof. Peter Glavič
University of Maribor, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering

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Short Biography

Peter Glavič, Prof Emeritus, graduated with degrees in Chemical Technology and in Economics and Business; he earned his master's and doctoral degrees in Chemistry. He held managerial positions in process industries for nine years. His research focuses on process systems engineering, environmental engineering, education, and sustainable development. He has participated in research projects financed by the EU, NATO, and various companies. He was a member of the Slovenian Parliament for eight years, and vice-rector and chairman of several professional bodies. He was president of the Slovenian Academy of Engineering, and has been a member of many international scientific committees, editorial boards, professional bodies, and program and organizational committees at international conferences.

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Review
Published: 20 August 2021 in Sustainability
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This review paper examines the past, present, and future of sustainable consumption and production (SCP). The history of the Sustainable Development Goal No. 12 (i.e., to ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns) is presented and analyzed. A definition of the sustainable consumption is given and the role of education is explained. The present status and existing trends of SCP are introduced by analyzing unsustainable behavior and the existing dilemma, namely sustainable growth or degrowth. A very broad range of methods is used for measuring and evaluating SCP within sustainable development. To forecast the future of SCP, important trends are presented. The future development of SCP will follow several megatrends and it will require reduced personal and collective consumption (degrowth). Energy usage in buildings, renewable energy sources, and energy storage will be important in that respect. Transportation emissions will continue to be lowered. Waste, especially food waste, shall be reduced, and consumer products shall become more durable. All waste must be collected and separated to be reused. SPC is elaborated in view of the two approaches—Industry 4.0 (smart factory), and the “Sixth Wave” evolution. Net-zero greenhouse gas emissions, resource efficiency, and zero waste will be at the forefront of future activities. A circular economy requires extension of product lifetimes, and the reuse and recycling of products. Reducing emissions, pollution and specific energy, water, and raw material usage (especially critical raw materials), as well as the role of digitalization, will be important.

ACS Style

Peter Glavič. Evolution and Current Challenges of Sustainable Consumption and Production. Sustainability 2021, 13, 9379 .

AMA Style

Peter Glavič. Evolution and Current Challenges of Sustainable Consumption and Production. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (16):9379.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Peter Glavič. 2021. "Evolution and Current Challenges of Sustainable Consumption and Production." Sustainability 13, no. 16: 9379.

Editorial
Published: 08 May 2021 in Standards
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We are glad to present the inaugural issue of the Standards journal

ACS Style

Peter Glavič. Special Issue: Feature Papers to Celebrate the Inaugural Issue of Standards. Standards 2021, 1, 17 -18.

AMA Style

Peter Glavič. Special Issue: Feature Papers to Celebrate the Inaugural Issue of Standards. Standards. 2021; 1 (1):17-18.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Peter Glavič. 2021. "Special Issue: Feature Papers to Celebrate the Inaugural Issue of Standards." Standards 1, no. 1: 17-18.

Review
Published: 16 April 2021 in Standards
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The International System of Quantities has to be used by scientific and engineering journals as well as by authors of their articles, conference papers, and corresponding books, especially textbooks. This paper describes the historical development and the state of the art of international communications in science, engineering, technology, production, and sustainable development. The International System of Quantities (ISQ) which systematically elaborated on the standards of the International Organization for Standardization and International Electrotechnical Commission on quantities and units (ISO/IEC 80000) still needs to be generally accepted and used. The list of standardized base and derived quantities with their symbols, and rules for terminology of other quantities are presented. In addition, names and symbols of base, derived, and “compound” units for these quantities are given. The most frequent mistakes and some recommendations about the use of quantities, units, prefixes, quantity value expressions, numbers, and symbols of chemical elements are shown, too. The standards shall be available in open access. The lack of standardized quantities regarding science, engineering, and economics is drawn to attention. Further development of the international systems of quantities and units could bring substantial synergies worldwide.

ACS Style

Peter Glavič. Review of the International Systems of Quantities and Units Usage. Standards 2021, 1, 2 -16.

AMA Style

Peter Glavič. Review of the International Systems of Quantities and Units Usage. Standards. 2021; 1 (1):2-16.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Peter Glavič. 2021. "Review of the International Systems of Quantities and Units Usage." Standards 1, no. 1: 2-16.

Journal article
Published: 04 February 2021 in Sustainability
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In the last decades, logistics has become an important industry sector, with significant impacts on the environment generated through several internal and external logistic processes. We analysed and elaborated on integrating sustainability topics within logistics-oriented programmes at universities across Europe, based on a framework of systemising and classifying sustainability terms. We also analysed pedagogical approaches within the identified courses. In our study, we perceived a moderate diversity of courses from the system and horizontal sustainability perspectives. Courses mostly focus on “principle” and “approach” levels, denoting specialised courses, with less environmental and social topics. Such coverage and distribution might imply a limitation to develop complex, multi-dimensional, and inter-disciplinary understanding, thinking, and problem-solving required for real-world challenges, comprehending all the dimensions. We also perceived a scarcity by using pedagogical approaches, where the majority of the courses emphasise traditional ones. This paper’s novelty lies in providing the first empirical evaluation and elaboration of logistics-oriented programmes at European universities from a sustainability perspective. Thus, our study enriches current knowledge and research on sustainability integration into curricula at the university level, enabling new insights and better correlations between various study fields and pedagogical approaches used.

ACS Style

Rebeka Lukman; Vasja Omahne; Lobna Sheikh; Peter Glavič. Integrating Sustainability into Logistics Oriented Education in Europe. Sustainability 2021, 13, 1667 .

AMA Style

Rebeka Lukman, Vasja Omahne, Lobna Sheikh, Peter Glavič. Integrating Sustainability into Logistics Oriented Education in Europe. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (4):1667.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rebeka Lukman; Vasja Omahne; Lobna Sheikh; Peter Glavič. 2021. "Integrating Sustainability into Logistics Oriented Education in Europe." Sustainability 13, no. 4: 1667.

Perspective
Published: 13 January 2021 in Processes
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This paper describes the state of the art and future opportunities for process design and sustainable development. In the Introduction, the main global megatrends and the European Union’s response to two of them, the European Green Deal, are presented. The organization of professionals in the field, their conferences, and their publications support the two topics. A brief analysis of the published documents in the two most popular databases shows that the environmental dimension predominates, followed by the economic one, while the social pillar of sustainable development is undervalued. The main design tools for sustainability are described. As an important practical case, the European chemical and process industries are analyzed, and their achievements in sustainable development are highlighted; in particular, their strategies are presented in more detail. The conclusions cover the most urgent future development areas of i) process industries and carbon capture with utilization or storage; ii) process analysis, simulation, synthesis, and optimization tools, and iii) zero waste, circular economy, and resource efficiency. While these developments are essential, more profound changes will be needed in the coming decades, such as shifting away from growth with changes in habits, lifestyles, and business models. Lifelong education for sustainable development will play a very important role in the growth of democracy and happiness instead of consumerism and neoliberalism.

ACS Style

Peter Glavič; Zorka Novak Pintarič; Miloš Bogataj. Process Design and Sustainable Development—A European Perspective. Processes 2021, 9, 148 .

AMA Style

Peter Glavič, Zorka Novak Pintarič, Miloš Bogataj. Process Design and Sustainable Development—A European Perspective. Processes. 2021; 9 (1):148.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Peter Glavič; Zorka Novak Pintarič; Miloš Bogataj. 2021. "Process Design and Sustainable Development—A European Perspective." Processes 9, no. 1: 148.

Journal article
Published: 12 August 2020 in Sustainability
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This paper elaborates and presents key issues established for a course on Education for Sustainable Development (ESD). ESD is supported by the United Nations (UN) organization and its agency, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). Quality education is also one of the seventeen UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The evolution of sustainable development and ESD is overviewed first in order to define the most important content of ESD in future teaching. Because of the fast development of humankind in all the SD pillars (economic, social and environmental), the climate crises as well as the new technologies and knowledge emerging, education leaders and teachers are lacking modern and effective content for ESD. Therefore, twelve key issues of ESD are identified and elaborated in the present article. The issues are organized into four groups (approach, contents, teaching, and organization) with three items each. The approach is including ESD scope, policy, and cooperation, the contents part deals with the three ESD pillars — environmental, social and economic; the third group, teaching, regards ESD methodologies, transformative teaching and learning, and capacity building; the organization group presents ESD metrics, documents, and institutions. The twelve issues have been synthesized after reviewing the available literature, enhanced by the participation in several international projects on education. In addition, they were further elaborated from feedback obtained from three international conferences focused on education for sustainable development, social responsibility, and sustainable consumption and production. The key goals suggested by the audience of the international conference in Vienna were holistic education, stakeholders’ awareness, participation and cooperation, and building capacity of stakeholders, while the challenge was found to be the timely evolution of human society towards the deep transformation. This paper is an informed perspective proposing content for an Education for Sustainable Development course.

ACS Style

Peter Glavič. Identifying Key Issues of Education for Sustainable Development. Sustainability 2020, 12, 6500 .

AMA Style

Peter Glavič. Identifying Key Issues of Education for Sustainable Development. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (16):6500.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Peter Glavič. 2020. "Identifying Key Issues of Education for Sustainable Development." Sustainability 12, no. 16: 6500.

Conference paper
Published: 21 May 2020 in 2nd International Conference on : Technologies & Business Models for Circular Economy: Conference Proceedings
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Peter Glavič; Aida Szilagyi; Isavella Karouti; Achilleas Kostoulas; Oihana Hernaez; Martin Dolinsky; Thomas Schönfelder; Pavel Ruzicka; Gosia Stawecka; Dimitrios Karadimas; Cristina S. Rocha; David Camocho; Bojana Žiberna; Eugenia Atín; Barbara Hammerl; Hans Schnitzer. Education for Zero Waste and the Circular Economy Sector in Europe. 2nd International Conference on : Technologies & Business Models for Circular Economy: Conference Proceedings 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Peter Glavič, Aida Szilagyi, Isavella Karouti, Achilleas Kostoulas, Oihana Hernaez, Martin Dolinsky, Thomas Schönfelder, Pavel Ruzicka, Gosia Stawecka, Dimitrios Karadimas, Cristina S. Rocha, David Camocho, Bojana Žiberna, Eugenia Atín, Barbara Hammerl, Hans Schnitzer. Education for Zero Waste and the Circular Economy Sector in Europe. 2nd International Conference on : Technologies & Business Models for Circular Economy: Conference Proceedings. 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Peter Glavič; Aida Szilagyi; Isavella Karouti; Achilleas Kostoulas; Oihana Hernaez; Martin Dolinsky; Thomas Schönfelder; Pavel Ruzicka; Gosia Stawecka; Dimitrios Karadimas; Cristina S. Rocha; David Camocho; Bojana Žiberna; Eugenia Atín; Barbara Hammerl; Hans Schnitzer. 2020. "Education for Zero Waste and the Circular Economy Sector in Europe." 2nd International Conference on : Technologies & Business Models for Circular Economy: Conference Proceedings , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 01 December 2016 in Journal of Cleaner Production
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ACS Style

Rebeka Kovačič Lukman; Peter Glavič; Angela Carpenter; Peter Virtič. Sustainable consumption and production – Research, experience, and development – The Europe we want. Journal of Cleaner Production 2016, 138, 139 -147.

AMA Style

Rebeka Kovačič Lukman, Peter Glavič, Angela Carpenter, Peter Virtič. Sustainable consumption and production – Research, experience, and development – The Europe we want. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2016; 138 ():139-147.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rebeka Kovačič Lukman; Peter Glavič; Angela Carpenter; Peter Virtič. 2016. "Sustainable consumption and production – Research, experience, and development – The Europe we want." Journal of Cleaner Production 138, no. : 139-147.

Journal article
Published: 05 August 2016 in Journal of Cleaner Production
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Despite the progress made toward incorporating sustainability concerns into the curricula and management of higher education institutions around the world during the Decade of Education for Sustainable Development 2005–2014, progress has been sluggish in the former socialist states of Central Europe. A question has been raised in this article about the specifics of this region where the situation in six of these countries (Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia) was explored. To characterize sustainability changes in higher education institutions and develop a comparative overview of leading concepts, the ‘conceptual framework analysis’ qualitative method was used. A review and critical reflection of the current situation in the countries in question provided insight into commonalities or differences at national level and overall trends in the region; this information was structured, categorized, interpreted and embedded in a theoretically underpinned framework. On this basis, ‘critical transition factors’ were identified which helped to understand sustainable development policies at the higher education level, the driving forces behind institutional changes, and ongoing processes and their outcomes in the observed countries. These factors show a temporal hierarchy representing various stages of transition from environmental awareness to an understanding of the ambiguous term ‘education for sustainable development’, and more pragmatic approach where education is closely linked to green campus initiatives. The explored countries have mostly reached the lower transition stages. Constructivist, transdisciplinary approaches that underpin a focus on competences as a practical pre-requisite of democratic, sustainability oriented teaching, is greatly lacking in the region. The transition factors can be treated as concepts in the authors' explanatory framework which is adjusted to each national context; its relevance for ESD transition processes can be generalized beyond the countries described in this article.

ACS Style

Jana Dlouhá; Peter Glavič; Andrew Barton. Higher education in Central European countries – Critical factors for sustainability transition. Journal of Cleaner Production 2016, 151, 670 -684.

AMA Style

Jana Dlouhá, Peter Glavič, Andrew Barton. Higher education in Central European countries – Critical factors for sustainability transition. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2016; 151 ():670-684.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jana Dlouhá; Peter Glavič; Andrew Barton. 2016. "Higher education in Central European countries – Critical factors for sustainability transition." Journal of Cleaner Production 151, no. : 670-684.

Journal article
Published: 01 May 2014 in Journal of Cleaner Production
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Peter Glavič; Rebeka Kovačič Lukman; Bojana Žiberna. Conference announcement and Call for Papers. Journal of Cleaner Production 2014, 70, 1 -3.

AMA Style

Peter Glavič, Rebeka Kovačič Lukman, Bojana Žiberna. Conference announcement and Call for Papers. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2014; 70 ():1-3.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Peter Glavič; Rebeka Kovačič Lukman; Bojana Žiberna. 2014. "Conference announcement and Call for Papers." Journal of Cleaner Production 70, no. : 1-3.

Review article
Published: 30 November 2012 in Current Opinion in Chemical Engineering
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The paper discusses definitions and history of Process Systems Engineering (PSE) as a discipline, starting from General Systems Theory and Systems Engineering. The past, present and future of PSE are presented. Eleven International symposia on PSE are analysed together with the content and importance of the first one organized in Kyoto thirty years ago. Other PSE conferences: European Symposia on Computer Aided Process Engineering (ESCAPE), International Conferences on Process Integration, Modelling and Optimization for Energy Saving and Pollution Reduction (PRES), Foundations of Computer Aided Process Design (FOCAPD), Foundations of Computer Aided Process Operations (FOCAPO), Chemical Process Control (CPC), and Process Systems Engineering Asia (PSE Asia) were analysed. The topical overview of the most important PSE conferences and plenary lectures presented there, enabled identification of the PSE research agenda in the present. On the basis of the recent PSE conferences in Europe, United States of America and Asia, future trends in PSE have been forecast.

ACS Style

Peter Glavič. Thirty Years of International Symposia on Process Systems Engineering. Current Opinion in Chemical Engineering 2012, 1, 421 -429.

AMA Style

Peter Glavič. Thirty Years of International Symposia on Process Systems Engineering. Current Opinion in Chemical Engineering. 2012; 1 (4):421-429.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Peter Glavič. 2012. "Thirty Years of International Symposia on Process Systems Engineering." Current Opinion in Chemical Engineering 1, no. 4: 421-429.

Book chapter
Published: 20 July 2011 in Green Defense Technology
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In this chapter, an extended strategy for efficient and applicable water minimization in process industries is presented. The strategy effectively incorporates environmental, organizational and economic aspects accompanying the water mini­mization issue. The strategy was tested and applied in several water minimi­zation projects involving chemical and process industries. Four case studies are presented for illustration purpose. The results obtained indicate that in most cases water efficiency can be greatly improved by using technologically, environmentally and economically viable solutions.

ACS Style

Peter Glavič; Miloš Bogataj. Water Networks – Theory and Practice. Green Defense Technology 2011, 13 -30.

AMA Style

Peter Glavič, Miloš Bogataj. Water Networks – Theory and Practice. Green Defense Technology. 2011; ():13-30.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Peter Glavič; Miloš Bogataj. 2011. "Water Networks – Theory and Practice." Green Defense Technology , no. : 13-30.

Journal article
Published: 07 July 2010 in Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy
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Human evolution is governed by non-equilibrium thermodynamics of bio-systems. Its laws are determining the ever increasing anthropogenic extraction of non-renewable materials and energy carriers, and pollution endangering the mankind to self-destroy the human race just the same way as the produced poisonous ethanol kills yeast on fermentation of juice of grapes. The dominating power of natural laws regarding materials, energy, information, and innovations is shown in the paper; it is stronger than the cultural awareness of mankind demonstrated by law, education, ethics, religion, and morality. Evidently, only natural catastrophes can make people act in a different way, towards lowering the pollution. Although catastrophes are increasing at an exponential rate, it may be too late for human action when heat waves, sea level rise, desertification, wood fires, and floods act strong enough to make the mankind respond culturally (non-naturally). Therefore, it is crucial to understand the natural laws of evolution and their influence on the human society. It is also vital for students, having the farthest reaching time horizon of their life cycle, to be acquainted with the consequences foreseen, and the adaptation strategy is available for the future decades.

ACS Style

Peter Glavič. Natural laws dominate the human society. Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy 2010, 12, 591 -599.

AMA Style

Peter Glavič. Natural laws dominate the human society. Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy. 2010; 12 (6):591-599.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Peter Glavič. 2010. "Natural laws dominate the human society." Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy 12, no. 6: 591-599.

Journal article
Published: 01 September 2009 in Chemical Engineering Research and Design
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Damjan Krajnc; Peter Glavič. Assessment of different strategies for the co-production of bioethanol and beet sugar. Chemical Engineering Research and Design 2009, 87, 1217 -1231.

AMA Style

Damjan Krajnc, Peter Glavič. Assessment of different strategies for the co-production of bioethanol and beet sugar. Chemical Engineering Research and Design. 2009; 87 (9):1217-1231.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Damjan Krajnc; Peter Glavič. 2009. "Assessment of different strategies for the co-production of bioethanol and beet sugar." Chemical Engineering Research and Design 87, no. 9: 1217-1231.

Journal article
Published: 31 August 2009 in Journal of Cleaner Production
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Rebeka Lukman; Damjan Krajnc; Peter Glavič. Fostering collaboration between universities regarding regional sustainability initiatives – the University of Maribor. Journal of Cleaner Production 2009, 17, 1143 -1153.

AMA Style

Rebeka Lukman, Damjan Krajnc, Peter Glavič. Fostering collaboration between universities regarding regional sustainability initiatives – the University of Maribor. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2009; 17 (12):1143-1153.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rebeka Lukman; Damjan Krajnc; Peter Glavič. 2009. "Fostering collaboration between universities regarding regional sustainability initiatives – the University of Maribor." Journal of Cleaner Production 17, no. 12: 1143-1153.

Original articles
Published: 24 March 2009 in European Journal of Engineering Education
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Over recent years, universities have been incorporating sustainable development (SD) into their systems, including their curricula. This article analyses the incorporation of SD into the curricula of chemical and environmental engineering or technology bachelor degrees at universities in the European Union (EU) and European Free Trade Association (EFTA) states. Available textbooks of some courses were analysed regarding their content and pedagogical-didactical perspectives based on a revised Bloom's taxonomy of cognitive domains. The research showed that both the universities and textbooks reviewed have room for improvement regarding SD incorporation into their curricula.

ACS Style

Peter Glavič; Rebeka Lukman; Rodrigo Lozano. Engineering education: environmental and chemical engineering or technology curricula – a European perspective. European Journal of Engineering Education 2009, 34, 47 -61.

AMA Style

Peter Glavič, Rebeka Lukman, Rodrigo Lozano. Engineering education: environmental and chemical engineering or technology curricula – a European perspective. European Journal of Engineering Education. 2009; 34 (1):47-61.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Peter Glavič; Rebeka Lukman; Rodrigo Lozano. 2009. "Engineering education: environmental and chemical engineering or technology curricula – a European perspective." European Journal of Engineering Education 34, no. 1: 47-61.

Book chapter
Published: 01 January 2008 in Green Defense Technology
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Unsustainable consumption mostly refers to energy resources and materials’ utilization, fostered by human activity. Therefore, energy consumption represents a major challenge when approaching sustainable development issues. Despite many environmental strategies relying on improvements in energy and material efficiency, the World’s energy demand is likely to increase in line with its population. In addition, cultural patterns of human activities are closely related to energy consumption patterns. This paper discusses the relationship between energy consumption and human overpopulation, which is one of the critical issues when approaching sustainability. Furthermore, this paper argues about cultural influences and barriers for the rational use of energy. The paper juxtaposes shallow to deep ecology and stresses the importance of transition to deep ecology, which draws on a wide diversity of ultimate philosophical or religious premises, by seeing Nature and culture as fundamentally intertwined. Education has a crucial role in revising energy consumption patterns. This paper also stresses the importance of education for sustainable development as a required approach to a sustainable society. It argues about those conflicts between different human goals that should be taken into account in educational systems. Universities should act as agents in promoting transformative change towards sustainability. Thus, the importance of incorporating sustainability principles into universities’ activities is discussed in the paper. Several activities and projects at the University of Maribor, embracing all departments and their everyday activities, are presented as an example.

ACS Style

Damjan Krajnc; Rebeka Lukman; Peter Glavič. Approaches to Sustainable Energy Consumption Patterns. Green Defense Technology 2008, 213 -226.

AMA Style

Damjan Krajnc, Rebeka Lukman, Peter Glavič. Approaches to Sustainable Energy Consumption Patterns. Green Defense Technology. 2008; ():213-226.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Damjan Krajnc; Rebeka Lukman; Peter Glavič. 2008. "Approaches to Sustainable Energy Consumption Patterns." Green Defense Technology , no. : 213-226.

Journal article
Published: 31 December 2007 in Resources, Conservation and Recycling
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This paper deals with the problem of performance benchmarking of traditional beet sugar plants, by considering Best Available Techniques (BAT) for beet sugar production, as determined by the Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC) Directive. A Fuzzy Logic Model, based on fuzzy set theory, was constructed for this purpose, in order to compare the performances of sugar plants within the sector's best standards, as expressed in the Reference Document on BAT. The effectiveness of the model was tested in the case study, in which three sugar plants were benchmarked against the BAT regarding the consumption of energy, water, raw materials and the production of wastes, wastewater, by-products and the main product. The model was recognized as helpful for the benchmarking needs of sugar plants. In addition, by integrating BAT Reference Document analysis into the model, it provides IPPC permitting authorities with an objective method and uniform BAT benchmarks to manage permitting process.

ACS Style

D. Krajnc; M. Mele; P. Glavič. Fuzzy Logic Model for the performance benchmarking of sugar plants by considering best available techniques. Resources, Conservation and Recycling 2007, 52, 314 -330.

AMA Style

D. Krajnc, M. Mele, P. Glavič. Fuzzy Logic Model for the performance benchmarking of sugar plants by considering best available techniques. Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 2007; 52 (2):314-330.

Chicago/Turabian Style

D. Krajnc; M. Mele; P. Glavič. 2007. "Fuzzy Logic Model for the performance benchmarking of sugar plants by considering best available techniques." Resources, Conservation and Recycling 52, no. 2: 314-330.

Journal article
Published: 30 September 2007 in Journal of Cleaner Production
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This paper investigates the possibilities of attaining zero-waste emissions in the case of sugar production. The case-studied sugar plant located in Slovenia reflected a typical plant, using traditional sugar production from beet. An investigation of the possible use of waste and by-products from sugar processing was carried out, in order to approach zero-waste from beet sugar processing. The sugar production process was simulated and optimization was carried out concerning energy utilization. Consumption of energy in the chosen sugar plant was lowered by simultaneous optimization of the evaporation and crystallization process. Changing the fuel type used in the case-studied sugar plant (replacement of heavy fuel oil with natural gas) produced a significant decrease in air emission. Opportunities in the sugar industry have been discovered for adapting to new market conditions through the optimization of combined sugar–ethanol production. The two proposed options have been economically and environmentally evaluated and compared.

ACS Style

D. Krajnc; M. Mele; P. Glavic. Improving the economic and environmental performances of the beet sugar industry in Slovenia: increasing fuel efficiency and using by-products for ethanol. Journal of Cleaner Production 2007, 15, 1240 -1252.

AMA Style

D. Krajnc, M. Mele, P. Glavic. Improving the economic and environmental performances of the beet sugar industry in Slovenia: increasing fuel efficiency and using by-products for ethanol. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2007; 15 (13-14):1240-1252.

Chicago/Turabian Style

D. Krajnc; M. Mele; P. Glavic. 2007. "Improving the economic and environmental performances of the beet sugar industry in Slovenia: increasing fuel efficiency and using by-products for ethanol." Journal of Cleaner Production 15, no. 13-14: 1240-1252.

Book chapter
Published: 01 January 2007 in 16th European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering and 9th International Symposium on Process Systems Engineering
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ACS Style

Damjan Krajnc; Peter Glavič. Fuzzy logic model for the performance benchmarking of sugar plants by considering best available techniques. 16th European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering and 9th International Symposium on Process Systems Engineering 2007, 24, 111 -116.

AMA Style

Damjan Krajnc, Peter Glavič. Fuzzy logic model for the performance benchmarking of sugar plants by considering best available techniques. 16th European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering and 9th International Symposium on Process Systems Engineering. 2007; 24 ():111-116.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Damjan Krajnc; Peter Glavič. 2007. "Fuzzy logic model for the performance benchmarking of sugar plants by considering best available techniques." 16th European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering and 9th International Symposium on Process Systems Engineering 24, no. : 111-116.