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Dr. Andreu Rico
IMDEA Water Institute, Science and Technology Campus of the University of Alcalá, Avenida Punto Com 2, 28805, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain

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0 Aquaculture
0 Ecological Risk Assessment
0 Ecotoxicology
0 Environmental Monitoring
0 Pharmaceuticals

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pesticides
Aquaculture
Pharmaceuticals
Ecological Risk Assessment
aquatic Invertebrates
Environmental Monitoring
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Journal article
Published: 26 June 2021 in Toxics
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As the number of legal and illegal gold mining sites increases in the Andes–Amazonia region, integrative methods to evaluate the effects of mining pollution on freshwater ecosystems are of paramount importance. Here, we sampled water and sediments in 11 sites potentially affected by gold mining activities in the Napo province (Ecuador). The environmental impacts were evaluated using the following lines of evidence (LOEs): water physicochemical parameters, metal exposure concentrations, macroinvertebrate community response (AAMBI), and toxicity by conducting bioassays with Lactuca sativa and Daphnia magna. Dissolved oxygen and total suspended solids were under (130 mg/Ls) quality standards 65% of the sites. Ag, Al, As, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, and Zn in water and V, B, and Cr in sediments were detected above quality standards at sampled sites. Nine out of eleven sites were classified as having bad environmental quality based on the AAMBI. L. sativa seed germination in both water (37% to 70%) and sediment (0% to 65%) indicate significant toxicity. In five sites, neonates of D. magna showed a 25% reduction in survival compared to the control. Our integrated LOEs index ranked sites regarding their environmental degradation. We recommend environmental impact monitoring of the mining expansion at the Andes–Amazonia region using multiple LOEs.

ACS Style

Mariana V. Capparelli; Marcela Cabrera; Andreu Rico; Oscar Lucas-Solis; Daniela Alvear-S; Samantha Vasco; Emily Galarza; Lady Shiguango; Veronica Pinos-Velez; Andrés Pérez-González; Rodrigo Espinosa; Gabriel M. Moulatlet. An Integrative Approach to Assess the Environmental Impacts of Gold Mining Contamination in the Amazon. Toxics 2021, 9, 149 .

AMA Style

Mariana V. Capparelli, Marcela Cabrera, Andreu Rico, Oscar Lucas-Solis, Daniela Alvear-S, Samantha Vasco, Emily Galarza, Lady Shiguango, Veronica Pinos-Velez, Andrés Pérez-González, Rodrigo Espinosa, Gabriel M. Moulatlet. An Integrative Approach to Assess the Environmental Impacts of Gold Mining Contamination in the Amazon. Toxics. 2021; 9 (7):149.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mariana V. Capparelli; Marcela Cabrera; Andreu Rico; Oscar Lucas-Solis; Daniela Alvear-S; Samantha Vasco; Emily Galarza; Lady Shiguango; Veronica Pinos-Velez; Andrés Pérez-González; Rodrigo Espinosa; Gabriel M. Moulatlet. 2021. "An Integrative Approach to Assess the Environmental Impacts of Gold Mining Contamination in the Amazon." Toxics 9, no. 7: 149.

Journal article
Published: 15 June 2021 in Environment International
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Urban areas in the Brazilian Amazon have grown at an unprecedented rate during the last years. About 90% of the wastewater produced by these urban areas are discharged untreated into Amazonian freshwater ecosystems, constituting a potential environmental pathway for pharmaceuticals and other chemicals consumed by modern societies (e.g. psychostimulants, personal-care products, hormones). The distribution of these chemicals into the Amazon River and their potential risks for freshwater biodiversity have not been evaluated so far. Here, we show the results of the largest chemical monitoring campaign conducted in the Amazon region. We assessed exposure patterns for 43 pharmaceuticals and other urban contaminants in 40 sampling sites distributed along the Amazon River, three major tributaries (Negro, Tapajós and Tocantins Rivers), and four large cities of the Brazilian Amazon (Manaus, Santarém, Macapá, Belém). We assessed risks for freshwater biodiversity using species sensitivity distributions and mixture toxicity approaches. We found that urban areas constitute important hot-spots for chemical contamination, with mixtures containing up to 40 different compounds and exposure concentrations reaching the world’s maxima for some of them. We show that chemical pollution can result in long-term effects for up to 50–80% of aquatic species next to urban areas. Moreover, we identified several ubiquitous compounds which can be used as tracers of anthropogenic pressure in the Amazon basin. We conclude that the chemical burden created by urbanization significantly contributes to a biodiversity loss in the region and should be further controlled.

ACS Style

Andreu Rico; Rhaul de Oliveira; Gabriel Silva de Souza Nunes; Cristiana Rizzi; Sara Villa; Isabel López-Heras; Marco Vighi; Andrea Viviana Waichman. Pharmaceuticals and other urban contaminants threaten Amazonian freshwater ecosystems. Environment International 2021, 155, 106702 .

AMA Style

Andreu Rico, Rhaul de Oliveira, Gabriel Silva de Souza Nunes, Cristiana Rizzi, Sara Villa, Isabel López-Heras, Marco Vighi, Andrea Viviana Waichman. Pharmaceuticals and other urban contaminants threaten Amazonian freshwater ecosystems. Environment International. 2021; 155 ():106702.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andreu Rico; Rhaul de Oliveira; Gabriel Silva de Souza Nunes; Cristiana Rizzi; Sara Villa; Isabel López-Heras; Marco Vighi; Andrea Viviana Waichman. 2021. "Pharmaceuticals and other urban contaminants threaten Amazonian freshwater ecosystems." Environment International 155, no. : 106702.

Journal article
Published: 17 May 2021 in Water Research
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Only a limited number of households in the Amazon are served by sewage collection or treatment facilities, suggesting that there might be a significant emission of pharmaceuticals and other wastewater contaminants into freshwater ecosystems. In this work, we performed a wide-scope screening to assess the occurrence of pharmaceuticals, illicit drugs and their metabolites in freshwater ecosystems of the Brazilian Amazon. Our study included 40 samples taken along the Amazon River, in three of its major tributaries, and in small tributaries crossing four important urban areas (Manaus, Santarém, Macapá, Belém). More than 900 compounds were investigated making use of target and suspect screening approaches, based on liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry with ion mobility separation. Empirical collision-cross section (CCS) values were used to help and confirm identifications in target screening, while in the suspect screening approach CCS values were predicted using Artificial Neural Networks to increase the confidence of the tentative identification. In this way, 51 compounds and metabolites were identified. The highest prevalence was found in streams crossing the urban areas of Manaus, Macapá and Belém, with some samples containing up to 30 - 40 compounds, while samples taken in Santarém showed a lower number (8 - 11), and the samples taken in the main course of the Amazon River and its tributaries contained between 1 and 7 compounds. Most compounds identified in areas with significant urban impact belonged to the analgesics and antihypertensive categories, followed by stimulants and antibiotics. Compounds such as caffeine, cocaine and its metabolite benzoylecgonine, and cotinine (the metabolite of nicotine), were also detected in areas with relatively low anthropogenic impact and showed the highest total prevalence. This study supports the need to improve the sanitation system of urban areas in the Brazilian Amazon and the development of follow-up studies aimed at quantifying exposure levels and risks for Amazonian freshwater biodiversity.

ACS Style

David Fabregat-Safont; María Ibáñez; Lubertus Bijlsma; Félix Hernández; Andrea V. Waichman; Rhaul de Oliveira; Andreu Rico. Wide-scope screening of pharmaceuticals, illicit drugs and their metabolites in the Amazon River. Water Research 2021, 200, 117251 .

AMA Style

David Fabregat-Safont, María Ibáñez, Lubertus Bijlsma, Félix Hernández, Andrea V. Waichman, Rhaul de Oliveira, Andreu Rico. Wide-scope screening of pharmaceuticals, illicit drugs and their metabolites in the Amazon River. Water Research. 2021; 200 ():117251.

Chicago/Turabian Style

David Fabregat-Safont; María Ibáñez; Lubertus Bijlsma; Félix Hernández; Andrea V. Waichman; Rhaul de Oliveira; Andreu Rico. 2021. "Wide-scope screening of pharmaceuticals, illicit drugs and their metabolites in the Amazon River." Water Research 200, no. : 117251.

Original research
Published: 07 March 2021 in Ecology and Evolution
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Pesticides, nutrients, and ecological stressors such as competition or predation co‐occur in freshwater ecosystems impacted by agriculture. The extent to which combinations of these stressors affect aquatic populations and the role of nutrients availability in modulating these responses requires further understanding. In this study, we assessed how pesticides affecting different taxonomic groups and predation influence the response of Daphnia pulex populations under different trophic conditions. An outdoor experiment was designed following a factorial design, with the insecticide chlorpyrifos, the herbicide diuron, and the predation by Notonecta sp. individuals as key stressors. The single impact of each of these stressors, and their binary and tertiary combinations, was evaluated on D. pulex abundance and population structure under mesotrophic and eutrophic conditions for 21 days. Data were analyzed using generalized linear mixed models estimated by means of a novel Bayesian shrinkage technique. Our study shows a significant influence of each of the evaluated stressors on D. pulex abundance; however, the impacts of the herbicide and predation were lower under eutrophic conditions as compared to the mesotrophic ones. We found that binary stressor interactions were generally additive in the mesotrophic scenario, except for the herbicide–predation combination, which resulted in synergistic effects. The impacts of the binary stressor combinations in the eutrophic scenario were classified as antagonistic, except for the insecticide–herbicide combination, which was additive. The tertiary interaction resulted in significant effects on some sampling dates; however, these were rather antagonistic and resembled the most important binary stressor combination in each trophic scenario. Our study shows that the impact of pesticides on freshwater populations depends on the predation pressure, and demonstrates that the combined effect of pesticides and ecological stressors is influenced by the food availability and organism fitness related to the trophic status of freshwater ecosystems.

ACS Style

Talles Bruno Oliveira dos Anjos; Francesco Polazzo; Alba Arenas‐Sánchez; Laura Cherta; Roberto Ascari; Sonia Migliorati; Marco Vighi; Andreu Rico. Eutrophic status influences the impact of pesticide mixtures and predation on Daphnia pulex populations. Ecology and Evolution 2021, 11, 4046 -4057.

AMA Style

Talles Bruno Oliveira dos Anjos, Francesco Polazzo, Alba Arenas‐Sánchez, Laura Cherta, Roberto Ascari, Sonia Migliorati, Marco Vighi, Andreu Rico. Eutrophic status influences the impact of pesticide mixtures and predation on Daphnia pulex populations. Ecology and Evolution. 2021; 11 (9):4046-4057.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Talles Bruno Oliveira dos Anjos; Francesco Polazzo; Alba Arenas‐Sánchez; Laura Cherta; Roberto Ascari; Sonia Migliorati; Marco Vighi; Andreu Rico. 2021. "Eutrophic status influences the impact of pesticide mixtures and predation on Daphnia pulex populations." Ecology and Evolution 11, no. 9: 4046-4057.

Journal article
Published: 21 December 2020 in Chemosphere
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Temperature increase, salinity intrusion and pesticide pollution have been suggested to be among the main stressors affecting the biodiversity of coastal wetland ecosystems. Here we assessed the single and combined effects of these stressors on zooplankton communities collected from a Mediterranean coastal lagoon. An indoor microcosm experiment was designed with temperature variation (20 °C and 30 °C), salinity (no addition, 2.5 g/L NaCl) and the insecticide chlorpyrifos (no addition, 1 μg/L) as treatments. The impact of these stressors was evaluated on water quality variables and on the zooplankton comunity (structure, diversity, abundance and taxa responses) for 28 days. This study shows that temperature is the main driver for zooplankton community change, followed by salinity and chlorpyrifos. The three stressors contributed to a decrease on zooplankton diversity. The increase of temperature contributed to an increase of zooplankton abundance. Salinity generally affected Cladocera, which resulted in a Copepoda increase at 20 °C, and a reduction in the abundance of all major zooplankton groups at 30 °C. The insecticide chlorpyrifos affected primarily Cladocera, altough the magnitude and duration of the direct and indirect effects caused by the insecticide substantially differed between the two temperature scenarios. Chlorpyrifos and salinity resulted in antagonistic effects on sensitive taxa (Cladocera) at 20 °C and 30 °C. This study shows that temperature can influence the direct and indirect effects of salinity and pesticides on zooplankton communities in Mediterranean coastal wetlands, and highlights vulnerable taxa and ecological responses that are expected to dominate under future global change scenarios.

ACS Style

Jéssica Andrade Vilas-Boas; Alba Arenas-Sánchez; Marco Vighi; Susana Romo; Paul J. Van Den Brink; Roberto Júnio Pedroso Dias; Andreu Rico. Multiple stressors in Mediterranean coastal wetland ecosystems: Influence of salinity and an insecticide on zooplankton communities under different temperature conditions. Chemosphere 2020, 269, 129381 .

AMA Style

Jéssica Andrade Vilas-Boas, Alba Arenas-Sánchez, Marco Vighi, Susana Romo, Paul J. Van Den Brink, Roberto Júnio Pedroso Dias, Andreu Rico. Multiple stressors in Mediterranean coastal wetland ecosystems: Influence of salinity and an insecticide on zooplankton communities under different temperature conditions. Chemosphere. 2020; 269 ():129381.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jéssica Andrade Vilas-Boas; Alba Arenas-Sánchez; Marco Vighi; Susana Romo; Paul J. Van Den Brink; Roberto Júnio Pedroso Dias; Andreu Rico. 2020. "Multiple stressors in Mediterranean coastal wetland ecosystems: Influence of salinity and an insecticide on zooplankton communities under different temperature conditions." Chemosphere 269, no. : 129381.

Journal article
Published: 12 November 2020 in Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry
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Chemical monitoring datasets such as those provided by the implementation of the Water Framework Directive (WFD) offer opportunities to evaluate the ecological risks of pesticides under large spatio‐temporal scales and to evaluate the protectiveness of the current prospective risk assessment framework. As a case study, we used the monitoring dataset for the insecticide chlorpyrifos (CPF) to perform a probabilistic risk assessment for Iberian surface water ecosystems. The specific objectives of the study were: (1) to assess the occurrence of CPF in relation to different agricultural production land uses, (2) to assess the spatio‐temporal variation in the exceedance of the European WFD short‐ and long‐term environmental quality standards (MAC‐EQS and AA‐EQS), and (3) to perform a probabilistic risk assessment for freshwater invertebrates. A database was analysed that contains CPF concentrations from 14600 surface water samples taken between 2012 and 2017 in the Iberian Peninsula (Spain and Portugal). CPF was detected in 21% of these samples. The MAC‐EQS was exceeded in 2% of the cases, while the AA‐EQS was exceeded in 18% of the cases. The majority of the exceedances took place in the littoral areas of the east and south‐east part of the Iberian Peninsula, particularly in areas with dominant citrus production during late‐spring, late‐summer and autumn. Our study indicates unacceptable risks posed by chlorpyrifos to Iberian surface waters over the study period, while it was approved for use in Europe. This study supports the need to perform further post‐registration monitoring assessments with other pesticides following similar approaches, which can help to identify possible pesticide misuse practices and improvements of the prospective risk assessment framework. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

ACS Style

Andreu Rico; Raquel Dafouz; Marco Vighi; José Luis Rodríguez‐Gil; Michiel A. Daam. Use of Postregistration Monitoring Data to Evaluate the Ecotoxicological Risks of Pesticides to Surface Waters: A Case Study with Chlorpyrifos in the Iberian Peninsula. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 2020, 40, 500 -512.

AMA Style

Andreu Rico, Raquel Dafouz, Marco Vighi, José Luis Rodríguez‐Gil, Michiel A. Daam. Use of Postregistration Monitoring Data to Evaluate the Ecotoxicological Risks of Pesticides to Surface Waters: A Case Study with Chlorpyrifos in the Iberian Peninsula. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. 2020; 40 (2):500-512.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andreu Rico; Raquel Dafouz; Marco Vighi; José Luis Rodríguez‐Gil; Michiel A. Daam. 2020. "Use of Postregistration Monitoring Data to Evaluate the Ecotoxicological Risks of Pesticides to Surface Waters: A Case Study with Chlorpyrifos in the Iberian Peninsula." Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 40, no. 2: 500-512.

Journal article
Published: 02 September 2020 in Biologia
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This study investigates length-mass relationships for 17 families of freshwater macroinvertebrates collected in the Choghakhor Wetland (Central Iran). Body length, head width, distance between eyes and mass (dry weight and wet weight) were used to estimate biomass with linear, log-linear and exponential models. The results show better performance of the log-linear model (ANOVA, p = 0.03), as compared to the other two (ANOVA, p > 0.05). A cross-validation test demonstrated that all three models performed reasonably well, in terms of both statistics and the accuracy of prediction. However, for more than 60% of the relationships the p value for the log-linear model was greater than for the other two, suggesting that the accuracy of this model is in general superior. Body length was generally demonstrated to be a good indicator to estimate biomass. However, for some taxa, the measurement of sclerotized structures (i.e., the distance between the eyes and the head width) were also found to be suitable biomass indicators. The latter is beneficial for the estimation of biomass with individuals that have been kept for a long time under laboratory conditions and/or those that show damaged parts of their bodies. The present study provides the first set of length-mass relationships for macroinvertebrates in the Middle-East region, and its findings are expected to contribute to the estimation of biomass in aquatic environments that are affected by semi-arid conditions and different degrees of anthropogenic stress.

ACS Style

Shirin Shahbaz-Gahroee; Jaber Aazami; Ali Aghamohammadi; Andreu Rico; Kizar Ahmed Sumon. Length-mass relationships for macroinvertebrates in the Choghakhor international wetland, Iran. Biologia 2020, 76, 645 -653.

AMA Style

Shirin Shahbaz-Gahroee, Jaber Aazami, Ali Aghamohammadi, Andreu Rico, Kizar Ahmed Sumon. Length-mass relationships for macroinvertebrates in the Choghakhor international wetland, Iran. Biologia. 2020; 76 (2):645-653.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shirin Shahbaz-Gahroee; Jaber Aazami; Ali Aghamohammadi; Andreu Rico; Kizar Ahmed Sumon. 2020. "Length-mass relationships for macroinvertebrates in the Choghakhor international wetland, Iran." Biologia 76, no. 2: 645-653.

Journal article
Published: 02 September 2020 in Science of The Total Environment
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Benthic macroinvertebrate communities are used as indicators for anthropogenic stress in freshwater ecosystems. To better understand the relationship between anthropogenic stress and changes in macroinvertebrate community composition, it is important to understand how different stressors and species traits are associated, and how these associations influence variation in species occurrence and abundances. Here, we show the capacity of the multivariate technique of double constrained correspondence analysis (dc-CA) to analyse trait-environment relationships, and we compare it with the redundancy analysis method on community weighted mean values of traits (CWM-RDA), which is frequently used for this type of analysis. The analyses were based on available biomonitoring data for macroinvertebrate communities from the Danube River. Results from forward selection of traits and environmental variables using dc-CA analyses showed that aquatic stages, reproduction techniques, dispersal tactics, locomotion and substrate relations, altitude, longitudinal and transversal distribution, and substrate preferendum were significantly related to habitat characteristics, hydromorphological alterations and water quality measurements such as physico-chemical parameters, heavy metals, pesticides and pharmaceuticals. Environmental variables significantly associated with traits using the CWM-RDA method were generally consistent with those found in dc-CA analysis. However, the CWM-RDA does neither test nor explicitly select traits, while dc-CA tests and selects both traits and environmental variables. Moreover, the dc-CA analysis revealed that the set of environmental variables was much better in explaining the community data than the available trait set, a kind of information that can neither be obtained from CWM-RDA nor from RLQ (Environment, Link and Trait data), which is a close cousin of dc-CA but not regression-based. Our results suggest that trait-based analysis based on dc-CA may be useful to assess mechanistic links between multiple anthropogenic stressors and ecosystem health, but more data sets should be analysed in the same manner.

ACS Style

Feng-Jiao Peng; Cajo J.F. ter Braak; Andreu Rico; Paul J. Van Den Brink. Double constrained ordination for assessing biological trait responses to multiple stressors: A case study with benthic macroinvertebrate communities. Science of The Total Environment 2020, 754, 142171 .

AMA Style

Feng-Jiao Peng, Cajo J.F. ter Braak, Andreu Rico, Paul J. Van Den Brink. Double constrained ordination for assessing biological trait responses to multiple stressors: A case study with benthic macroinvertebrate communities. Science of The Total Environment. 2020; 754 ():142171.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Feng-Jiao Peng; Cajo J.F. ter Braak; Andreu Rico; Paul J. Van Den Brink. 2020. "Double constrained ordination for assessing biological trait responses to multiple stressors: A case study with benthic macroinvertebrate communities." Science of The Total Environment 754, no. : 142171.

Journal article
Published: 20 June 2020 in Science of The Total Environment
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Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) has become a very useful tool to monitor a population's drug consumption or exposure to environmental and food contaminants. In this work, WBE has been applied to estimate tobacco consumption in seven Spanish regions. To this end, 24 h composite wastewater samples were taken daily for one week in 17 wastewater treatment plants, covering altogether a population of ca. 6 million inhabitants. The samples were treated by enzymatic deconjugation and the wastewater content of two human-specific nicotine metabolites (namely, cotinine and trans-3′-hydroxycotinine) was measured to estimate the daily consumption of nicotine. The population-weighted average nicotine consumption in the seven analyzed regions was 2.2 g/(day∙1000 inh.), without any daily pattern. This average estimated nicotine consumption value agreed with the value derived from official tobacco sales data. Differences in consumption among the seven studied regions were found, being Galicia, the region with the lowest rate, and the Basque Country and Catalonia those with the highest rates. However, no conclusive correlation was found between those values and the prevalence data taken from two different national surveys, nor sociodemographic and health data. This study demonstrates that this tool can complement other indicators in order to accurately assess tobacco consumption rates at regional and national levels and provides the most extensive application of the approach in the Spanish territory.

ACS Style

Rosa Montes; Rosario Rodil; Andreu Rico; Rafael Cela; Iria González-Mariño; Félix Hernández; Lubertus Bijlsma; Alberto Celma; Yolanda Picó; Vicente Andreu; Miren López de Alda; Ester López-García; Cristina Postigo; Eva Pocurull; Rosa María Marcé; María Rosende; Maitane Olivares; Yolanda Valcárcel; José Benito Quintana. First nation-wide estimation of tobacco consumption in Spain using wastewater-based epidemiology. Science of The Total Environment 2020, 741, 140384 .

AMA Style

Rosa Montes, Rosario Rodil, Andreu Rico, Rafael Cela, Iria González-Mariño, Félix Hernández, Lubertus Bijlsma, Alberto Celma, Yolanda Picó, Vicente Andreu, Miren López de Alda, Ester López-García, Cristina Postigo, Eva Pocurull, Rosa María Marcé, María Rosende, Maitane Olivares, Yolanda Valcárcel, José Benito Quintana. First nation-wide estimation of tobacco consumption in Spain using wastewater-based epidemiology. Science of The Total Environment. 2020; 741 ():140384.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rosa Montes; Rosario Rodil; Andreu Rico; Rafael Cela; Iria González-Mariño; Félix Hernández; Lubertus Bijlsma; Alberto Celma; Yolanda Picó; Vicente Andreu; Miren López de Alda; Ester López-García; Cristina Postigo; Eva Pocurull; Rosa María Marcé; María Rosende; Maitane Olivares; Yolanda Valcárcel; José Benito Quintana. 2020. "First nation-wide estimation of tobacco consumption in Spain using wastewater-based epidemiology." Science of The Total Environment 741, no. : 140384.

Erratum
Published: 11 April 2020 in Science of The Total Environment
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ACS Style

Andreu Rico; Alba Arenas-Sánchez; Covadonga Alonso-Alonso; Isabel López-Heras; Leonor Nozal; David Rivas-Tabares; Marco Vighi. Corrigendum to “Identification of contaminants of concern in the upper Tagus river basin (central Spain). Part 1: Screening, quantitative analysis and comparison of sampling methods” [Sci. Total Environ. Volume 666 (2019), 1058–1070]. Science of The Total Environment 2020, 724, 138270 .

AMA Style

Andreu Rico, Alba Arenas-Sánchez, Covadonga Alonso-Alonso, Isabel López-Heras, Leonor Nozal, David Rivas-Tabares, Marco Vighi. Corrigendum to “Identification of contaminants of concern in the upper Tagus river basin (central Spain). Part 1: Screening, quantitative analysis and comparison of sampling methods” [Sci. Total Environ. Volume 666 (2019), 1058–1070]. Science of The Total Environment. 2020; 724 ():138270.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andreu Rico; Alba Arenas-Sánchez; Covadonga Alonso-Alonso; Isabel López-Heras; Leonor Nozal; David Rivas-Tabares; Marco Vighi. 2020. "Corrigendum to “Identification of contaminants of concern in the upper Tagus river basin (central Spain). Part 1: Screening, quantitative analysis and comparison of sampling methods” [Sci. Total Environ. Volume 666 (2019), 1058–1070]." Science of The Total Environment 724, no. : 138270.

Journal article
Published: 01 February 2020 in Chemosphere
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The hepatotoxic cyanotoxins microcystins (MCs) are emerging contaminants naturally produced by cyanobacteria. Yet their ecological role remains unsolved, previous research suggests that MCs have allelopathic effects on competing photosynthetic microorganisms, even eliciting toxic effects on other freshwater cyanobacteria. In this context, the bioluminescent recombinant cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. PCC7120 CPB4337 (hereinafter Anabaena) was exposed to extracts of MCs. These were obtained from eight natural samples from freshwater reservoirs that contained MCs with a concentration range of 0.04-11.9 μg MCs L-1. MCs extracts included the three most common MCs variants (MC-LR, MC-RR, MC-YR) in different proportions (MC-LR: 100-0%; MC-RR: 100-0%; MC-YR: 14.2-0%). The Anabaena bioassay based on bioluminescence inhibition has been successfully used to test the toxicity of many emerging contaminants (e.g., pharmaceuticals) but never for cyanotoxins prior to this study. Exposure of Anabaena to MCs extracts induced a decrease in its bioluminescence with effective concentration decreasing bioluminescence by 50% ranging from 0.4 to 50.5 μg MC L-1 in the different samples. Bioluminescence responses suggested an interaction between MCs variants which was analyzed via the Additive Index method (AI), indicating an antagonistic effect (AI < 0) of MC-LR and MC-RR present in the samples. Additionally, MC extracts exposure triggered an increase of intracellular free Ca2+ in Anabaena. In short, this study supports the use of the Anabaena bioassay as a sensitive tool to assess the presence of MCs at environmentally relevant concentrations and opens interesting avenues regarding the interactions between MCs variants and the possible implication of Ca2+ in the mode of action of MCs towards cyanobacteria.

ACS Style

Miguel González-Pleiter; Samuel Cirés; Lars Wörmer; Ramsy Agha; Gerardo Pulido-Reyes; Keila Martín-Betancor; Andreu Rico; Francisco Leganés; Antonio Quesada; Francisca Fernández-Piñas. Ecotoxicity assessment of microcystins from freshwater samples using a bioluminescent cyanobacterial bioassay. Chemosphere 2020, 240, 124966 .

AMA Style

Miguel González-Pleiter, Samuel Cirés, Lars Wörmer, Ramsy Agha, Gerardo Pulido-Reyes, Keila Martín-Betancor, Andreu Rico, Francisco Leganés, Antonio Quesada, Francisca Fernández-Piñas. Ecotoxicity assessment of microcystins from freshwater samples using a bioluminescent cyanobacterial bioassay. Chemosphere. 2020; 240 ():124966.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Miguel González-Pleiter; Samuel Cirés; Lars Wörmer; Ramsy Agha; Gerardo Pulido-Reyes; Keila Martín-Betancor; Andreu Rico; Francisco Leganés; Antonio Quesada; Francisca Fernández-Piñas. 2020. "Ecotoxicity assessment of microcystins from freshwater samples using a bioluminescent cyanobacterial bioassay." Chemosphere 240, no. : 124966.

Journal article
Published: 21 January 2020 in Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
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The majority of pharmaceuticals and personal health-care products are ionisable molecules at environmentally relevant pHs. The ionization state of these molecules in freshwater ecosystems may influence their toxicity potential to aquatic organisms. In this study we evaluated to what extent varying pH conditions may influence the toxicity of the antibiotic enrofloxacin (ENR) and the personal care product ingredient triclosan (TCS) to three freshwater invertebrates: the ephemeropteran Cloeon dipterum, the amphipod Gammarus pulex and the snail Physella acuta. Acute toxicity tests were performed by adjusting the water pH to four nominal levels: 6.5, 7.0, 7.5 and 8.0. Furthermore, we tested the efficiency of three toxicity models with different assumptions regarding the uptake and toxicity potential of ionisable chemicals with the experimental data produced in this study. The results of the toxicity tests indicate that pH fluctuations of only 1.5 units can influence EC50-48 h and EC50-96 h values by a factor of 1.4–2.7. Overall, the model that only focuses on the fraction of neutral chemical and the model that takes into account ion-trapping of the test molecules showed the best performance, although present limitations to perform risk assessments across a wide pH range (i.e., well above or below the substance pKa). Under such conditions, the model that takes into account the toxicity of the neutral and the ionized chemical form is preferred. The results of this study show that pH fluctuations can have a considerable influence on toxicity thresholds, and should therefore be taken into account for the risk assessment of ionisable pharmaceuticals and personal health-care products. Based on our results, an assessment factor of at least three should be used to account for toxicity differences between standard laboratory and field pH conditions. The models evaluated here can be used to perform refined risk assessments by taking into account the influence of temporal and spatial pH fluctuations on aquatic toxicity.

ACS Style

Ming Sun; Rahmat Quaigrane Duker; Frits Gillissen; Paul Van Den Brink; Andreas Focks; Andreu Rico. Influence of pH on the toxicity of ionisable pharmaceuticals and personal care products to freshwater invertebrates. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 2020, 191, 110172 .

AMA Style

Ming Sun, Rahmat Quaigrane Duker, Frits Gillissen, Paul Van Den Brink, Andreas Focks, Andreu Rico. Influence of pH on the toxicity of ionisable pharmaceuticals and personal care products to freshwater invertebrates. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 2020; 191 ():110172.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ming Sun; Rahmat Quaigrane Duker; Frits Gillissen; Paul Van Den Brink; Andreas Focks; Andreu Rico. 2020. "Influence of pH on the toxicity of ionisable pharmaceuticals and personal care products to freshwater invertebrates." Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 191, no. : 110172.

Preprint
Published: 09 July 2019
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Wastewaters (WW) are important sources for the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) into the environment. Hospital WW (HWW) contain higher loads of micro-pollutants and AMR markers than urban WW (UWW). Little is known about the long-term dynamics of H and U WW and the impact of their joined treatment on the general burden of AMR. Here, we characterized the resistome, microbiota and eco-exposome signature of 126 H and U WW samples treated separately for three years, and then mixed, over one year. Multi-variate analysis and machine learning revealed a robust signature for each WW with no significant variation over time before mixing, and once mixed, both WW closely resembled U signatures. We demonstrated a significant impact of pharmaceuticals and surfactants on the resistome and microbiota of H and U WW. Our results present considerable targets for AMR related risk assessment of WW.

ACS Style

Elena Buelow; Andreu Rico; Margaux Gaschet; Jose Lourenco; Sean P. Kennedy; Laure Wiest; Marie-Cecile Ploy; Christophe Dagot. Classification of hospital and urban wastewater resistome and microbiota over time and their relationship to the eco-exposome. 2019, 697433 .

AMA Style

Elena Buelow, Andreu Rico, Margaux Gaschet, Jose Lourenco, Sean P. Kennedy, Laure Wiest, Marie-Cecile Ploy, Christophe Dagot. Classification of hospital and urban wastewater resistome and microbiota over time and their relationship to the eco-exposome. . 2019; ():697433.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Elena Buelow; Andreu Rico; Margaux Gaschet; Jose Lourenco; Sean P. Kennedy; Laure Wiest; Marie-Cecile Ploy; Christophe Dagot. 2019. "Classification of hospital and urban wastewater resistome and microbiota over time and their relationship to the eco-exposome." , no. : 697433.

Original article
Published: 18 June 2019 in Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry
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In Europe, the European Food Safety Authority aquatic guidance document describes the procedures for the derivation of regulatory acceptable concentrations (RACs) for pesticides in edge-of-field surface waters on the basis of tier-1 (standard test species), tier-2 (geometric mean and species sensitivity distributions [SSDs]), and tier-3 (model ecosystem studies) approaches. In the present study, the protectiveness of such a tiered approach was evaluated for fungicides. Acute and chronic RACs for tier-1 and tier-2B (SSDs) were calculated using toxicity data for standard and additional test species, respectively. Tier-3 RACs based on ecological thresholds (not considering recovery) could be derived for 18 fungicides. We show that tier-1 RACs, in the majority of cases, are more conservative than RACs calculated based on model ecosystem experiments. However, acute tier-2B RACs do not show a sufficient protection level compared with tier-3 RACs from cosm studies that tested a repeated pulsed exposure regime or when relatively persistent compounds were tested. Chronic tier-2B RACs showed a sufficient protection level, although they could only be evaluated for 6 compounds. Finally, we evaluated the suitability of the calculated RACs for 8 compounds with toxicity data for fungi. The comparison shows that the current RACs for individual fungicides, with a few exceptions (e.g., tebuconazole), show a sufficient protection level for structural and functional fungal endpoints. However, more data are needed to extend this comparison to other fungicides with different modes of action. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:2279-2293. © 2019 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of SETAC.

ACS Style

Andreu Rico; Theo C.M. Brock; Michiel Daam. Is the Effect Assessment Approach for Fungicides as Laid Down in the European Food Safety Authority Aquatic Guidance Document Sufficiently Protective for Freshwater Ecosystems? Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 2019, 38, 2279 -2293.

AMA Style

Andreu Rico, Theo C.M. Brock, Michiel Daam. Is the Effect Assessment Approach for Fungicides as Laid Down in the European Food Safety Authority Aquatic Guidance Document Sufficiently Protective for Freshwater Ecosystems? Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. 2019; 38 (10):2279-2293.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andreu Rico; Theo C.M. Brock; Michiel Daam. 2019. "Is the Effect Assessment Approach for Fungicides as Laid Down in the European Food Safety Authority Aquatic Guidance Document Sufficiently Protective for Freshwater Ecosystems?" Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 38, no. 10: 2279-2293.

Journal article
Published: 01 May 2019 in Science of The Total Environment
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Pesticides and point source contaminants (primarily pharmaceuticals) were monitored in 16 sampling sites of the upper Tagus river basin during spring, summer and autumn of 2016. A qualitative screening analysis was performed using a library of 430 compounds. Next, a novel method was implemented for the selection and quantification of contaminants with LC-MS/MS. The method is based on the frequency of detection in the screening, ecotoxicity data and the potential use in the watershed. Moreover, the efficacy of grab samples and passive samples (POCIS) in detecting compound-specific exposure patterns was compared during the summer sampling campaign. The screening method detected the presence of 268 compounds in the study area, out of which 52 were selected for the quantitative analysis (20 pesticides and 32 point source chemicals). Although very helpful in the prioritization exercise, the qualitative screening demonstrated some biases and the need for improvement by using more effective instruments for confirming positive results. Grab samples proved not to be fully suitable for contaminants with discontinuous exposure such as pesticides, which may be underestimated, but offer a sufficient basis for the characterization of contaminants coming from urban wastewaters. All selected chemicals showed a very high concentration variability due to differences among sampling sites, which are related to agricultural intensity and demographic pressure. Some insecticides (chlorpyrifos, dimethoate, imidacloprid), herbicides (diuron, metribuzine, simazine, terbuthylazine), and fungicides (carbendazim) were measured at concentrations exceeding 100 ng/L; while paracetamol, ibuprofen, some antibiotics (azithromycin, sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim) and life-style compounds (caffeine, paraxanthine, nicotine) were found at very high concentrations (up to several μg/L). The results of this work represent the basis for the development of an ecological risk assessment for the aquatic ecosystem in the upper Tagus river basin and for the identification of basin-specific contaminant mixtures of environmental concern.

ACS Style

Andreu Rico; Alba Arenas Sanchez; Covadonga Alonso; Isabel López-Heras; Leonor Nozal; David Rivas-Tabares; Marco Vighi. Identification of contaminants of concern in the upper Tagus river basin (central Spain). Part 1: Screening, quantitative analysis and comparison of sampling methods. Science of The Total Environment 2019, 666, 1058 -1070.

AMA Style

Andreu Rico, Alba Arenas Sanchez, Covadonga Alonso, Isabel López-Heras, Leonor Nozal, David Rivas-Tabares, Marco Vighi. Identification of contaminants of concern in the upper Tagus river basin (central Spain). Part 1: Screening, quantitative analysis and comparison of sampling methods. Science of The Total Environment. 2019; 666 ():1058-1070.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andreu Rico; Alba Arenas Sanchez; Covadonga Alonso; Isabel López-Heras; Leonor Nozal; David Rivas-Tabares; Marco Vighi. 2019. "Identification of contaminants of concern in the upper Tagus river basin (central Spain). Part 1: Screening, quantitative analysis and comparison of sampling methods." Science of The Total Environment 666, no. : 1058-1070.

Journal article
Published: 22 February 2019 in Science of The Total Environment
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This study provides a description of the water quality status in the tributaries of the upper Tagus River and a preliminary risk assessment for freshwater organisms. A wide range of physico-chemical parameters, nutrients, metals and organic contaminants (20 pesticides, and 32 point source chemicals, mainly pharmaceuticals) were monitored during spring, summer and autumn of 2016. Monitoring of organic contaminants was performed using conventional grab sampling and passive samples (POCIS). The variation of the different groups of parameters as regards to land use and sampling season was investigated. The prioritization of organic and inorganic contaminants was based on the toxic unit (TU) approach, using toxicity data for algae, invertebrates and fish. Finally, the compliance with the Environmental Quality Standards (EQS) set as part of the Water Framework Directive (WFD) was evaluated for the listed substances. This study shows that the land use characteristics had a large influence on the spatial distribution of the contaminants and other water quality parameters, while temporal trends were only significant for physico-chemical parameters, and marginally significant for insecticides. Acute toxicity is likely to occur for some metals (copper and zinc) in the most impacted sites (TU values close to or above 1). Low acute toxicity was determined for organic contaminants (individual compounds and mixtures) on the basis of grab samples. However, the assessment performed with POCIS samples identified diuron, chlorpyrifos and imidacloprid as potentially hazardous compounds. Several contaminant mixtures that may cause chronic toxicity and that should be considered in future regional chemical monitoring plans were identified. Our study also shows that some metals and pesticides exceeded the WFD regulatory thresholds and that only 30% of the sampled sites had a good chemical status. Further research is needed to identify chemical emission sources and to design proper abatement options in the Tagus river basin.

ACS Style

Alba Arenas-Sánchez; Andreu Rico; David Rivas-Tabares; Alberto Blanco; Patricia Garcia-Doncel; Amaya Romero-Salas; Leonor Nozal; Marco Vighi. Identification of contaminants of concern in the upper Tagus river basin (central Spain). Part 2: Spatio-temporal analysis and ecological risk assessment. Science of The Total Environment 2019, 667, 222 -233.

AMA Style

Alba Arenas-Sánchez, Andreu Rico, David Rivas-Tabares, Alberto Blanco, Patricia Garcia-Doncel, Amaya Romero-Salas, Leonor Nozal, Marco Vighi. Identification of contaminants of concern in the upper Tagus river basin (central Spain). Part 2: Spatio-temporal analysis and ecological risk assessment. Science of The Total Environment. 2019; 667 ():222-233.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alba Arenas-Sánchez; Andreu Rico; David Rivas-Tabares; Alberto Blanco; Patricia Garcia-Doncel; Amaya Romero-Salas; Leonor Nozal; Marco Vighi. 2019. "Identification of contaminants of concern in the upper Tagus river basin (central Spain). Part 2: Spatio-temporal analysis and ecological risk assessment." Science of The Total Environment 667, no. : 222-233.

Original article
Published: 07 December 2018 in Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry
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In the present study we performed a microcosm experiment to assess the effects of the insecticide lufenuron on zooplankton communities exposed to increased temperature and drought in (semi‐)arid regions. The experiment consisted of three environmental scenarios, assessed in two parts. Firstly, we assessed how water temperature (20°C and 28°C) affects the sensitivity and resilience of the zooplankton community to lufenuron. Secondly, we investigated the influence of drought on the structure of the zooplankton community at a high water temperature (28°C) and evaluated its possible interaction with lufenuron. The results show that the community exposed to lufenuron at 28°C had a faster lufenuron‐related response and recovery than the community at 20°C. The combined effects of lufenuron and temperature resulted in a synergistic effect on some taxa (Daphnia sp., Cyclopoida and Copepoda nauplii). The tested zooplankton community had a high resilience to drought, although some particular taxa were severely affected after desiccation (Calanoida). Interactions between drought and lufenuron were not statistically significant. However, rewetting after desiccation contributed to lufenuron remobilization from sediments, and resulted in a slight Cyclopoida population decline at high exposure concentrations. This study shows how environmental conditions related to global change in (semi‐)arid regions may influence chemical fate and the vulnerability of zooplankton communities to chemical stress. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

ACS Style

Alba Arenas‐Sánchez; Isabel López‐Heras; Leonor Nozal; Marco Vighi; Andreu Rico. Effects of increased temperature, drought, and an insecticide on freshwater zooplankton communities. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 2018, 38, 396 -411.

AMA Style

Alba Arenas‐Sánchez, Isabel López‐Heras, Leonor Nozal, Marco Vighi, Andreu Rico. Effects of increased temperature, drought, and an insecticide on freshwater zooplankton communities. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. 2018; 38 (2):396-411.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alba Arenas‐Sánchez; Isabel López‐Heras; Leonor Nozal; Marco Vighi; Andreu Rico. 2018. "Effects of increased temperature, drought, and an insecticide on freshwater zooplankton communities." Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 38, no. 2: 396-411.

Journal article
Published: 01 December 2018 in Science of The Total Environment
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Antibiotics used in marine aquaculture have been reported to accumulate in sediments and non-target aquatic organisms, modifying the biodiversity and the environmental conditions in areas close to the fish farms. Improved analytical methods are required to assess the spread and the impacts of aquaculture antibiotics in the marine environment, as well as to estimate resistance development risks. In this study, we have optimized a method for simultaneous quantitative determination of oxytetracycline, florfenicol and flumequine in marine samples using liquid chromatography coupled to time-of-flight high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-TOF/MS). The method optimization was carried out for seawater, sediment and biological samples (biofilm and two benthic invertebrate species: Gammarus aequicauda and Monodonta articulata). Special attention was paid to the optimization of the extraction and purification steps, testing: liquid-liquid and solid-liquid extractions, the use of silica and other commercial sorbents' clean-up, and single and tandem solid phase extraction procedures. The limits of quantification (MQLs) achieved with the developed method are 0.1-0.5 μg L- in seawater; 1-5 μg kg in marine sediments; 5-25 μg kg in biofilm; and 100-500 μg kg in invertebrates, with good accuracy and precision. Method recoveries in spiked samples are 65-120% in seawater and sediment samples, and 63-110% in the biological samples. The method has been successfully implemented for the determination of antibiotic concentrations in sediment and invertebrate samples collected from a Mediterranean bay in south-east Spain. These represent significant advances in the analysis of antibiotics in environmental samples, especially for wild marine taxa, and attend for a proper assessment of the environmental fate and side effects of aquaculture antibiotics in the marine environment.

ACS Style

Belen Gonzalez-Gaya; Laura Cherta; Leonor Nozal; Andreu Rico. An optimized sample treatment method for the determination of antibiotics in seawater, marine sediments and biological samples using LC-TOF/MS. Science of The Total Environment 2018, 643, 994 -1004.

AMA Style

Belen Gonzalez-Gaya, Laura Cherta, Leonor Nozal, Andreu Rico. An optimized sample treatment method for the determination of antibiotics in seawater, marine sediments and biological samples using LC-TOF/MS. Science of The Total Environment. 2018; 643 ():994-1004.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Belen Gonzalez-Gaya; Laura Cherta; Leonor Nozal; Andreu Rico. 2018. "An optimized sample treatment method for the determination of antibiotics in seawater, marine sediments and biological samples using LC-TOF/MS." Science of The Total Environment 643, no. : 994-1004.

Journal article
Published: 12 September 2018 in Aquatic Toxicology
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Neonicotinoid insecticides are considered contaminants of concern due to their high toxicity potential to non-target terrestrial and aquatic organisms. In this study we evaluated the sensitivity of aquatic invertebrates to a single application of imidacloprid and an equimolar mixture of five neonicotinoids (imidacloprid, acetamiprid, thiacloprid, thiamethoxam, clothianidin) using mesocosms under Mediterranean conditions. Cyclopoida, Cloeon dipterum and Chironomini showed the highest sensitivity to neonicotinoids, with calculated NOECs below 0.2 μg/L. The sensitivity of these taxa was found to be higher than that reported in previous studies performed under less warm conditions, proving the high influence of temperature on neonicotinoid toxicity. The short-term responses of the zooplankton and the macroinvertebrate communities to similar imidacloprid and neonicotinoid mixture concentrations were very similar, suggesting that the concentration addition model can be used as a plausible hyphotesis to assess neonicotinoid mixture effects in aquatic ecosystems. Long-term mixture toxicity assessments, however, should consider the fate of the evaluated substances in the environment of concern. As part of this study, we also demonstrated that Species Sensitivity Distributions constructed with chronic laboratory toxicity data and calculated (multi-substance) Potentially Affected Fractions provide an accurate estimation to asssess the ecotoxicologial risks of imidacloprid and neonicotinoid mixtures to aquatic invertebrate species assemblages.

ACS Style

Andreu Rico; Alba Arenas-Sánchez; Julia Pasqualini; Ariadna García-Astillero; Laura Cherta; Leonor Nozal; Marco Vighi. Effects of imidacloprid and a neonicotinoid mixture on aquatic invertebrate communities under Mediterranean conditions. Aquatic Toxicology 2018, 204, 130 -143.

AMA Style

Andreu Rico, Alba Arenas-Sánchez, Julia Pasqualini, Ariadna García-Astillero, Laura Cherta, Leonor Nozal, Marco Vighi. Effects of imidacloprid and a neonicotinoid mixture on aquatic invertebrate communities under Mediterranean conditions. Aquatic Toxicology. 2018; 204 ():130-143.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andreu Rico; Alba Arenas-Sánchez; Julia Pasqualini; Ariadna García-Astillero; Laura Cherta; Leonor Nozal; Marco Vighi. 2018. "Effects of imidacloprid and a neonicotinoid mixture on aquatic invertebrate communities under Mediterranean conditions." Aquatic Toxicology 204, no. : 130-143.

Invited commentary
Published: 17 August 2018 in Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management
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Resilience represents one of the key components of the vulnerability of ecological systems and may refer to different levels of biological organization, from populations to the biosphere. A short description is given on the concept of resilience applied to the levels that are directly involved in ecological risk assessment (ERA): populations, communities, and ecosystems. The opportunities and challenges for measuring and quantifying resilience are discussed. Finally, some suggestions for introducing the resilience concept in regulatory ERA are proposed. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2018;14:581–585. © 2018 SETAC

ACS Style

Marco Vighi; Andreu Rico. The Concept of Resilience in Ecological Risk Assessment: Scientific and Regulatory Issues. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management 2018, 14, 581 -585.

AMA Style

Marco Vighi, Andreu Rico. The Concept of Resilience in Ecological Risk Assessment: Scientific and Regulatory Issues. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management. 2018; 14 (5):581-585.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marco Vighi; Andreu Rico. 2018. "The Concept of Resilience in Ecological Risk Assessment: Scientific and Regulatory Issues." Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management 14, no. 5: 581-585.