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This paper is an introductory paper to the Special Issue marking the 20th Anniversary of the Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism. The aim of this paper is threefold: First, it briefly presents and give thanks to the persons involved in establishing and developing the journal to what it is today. Second is a presentation of the journal’s current standing. Third, it presents an overview of the ten main areas of research featured in the journal since its start. For each of the 10 areas, expert researchers within each field have been invited to review the SJHT publications related to their topic and propose a future research agenda. They are included as separate short papers in this issue (SJHT, Vol. 21, No. 1). Thus, this anniversary issue looks to the past and forward, aiming to inspire future event, hospitality, and tourism research relevant to the Nordic, as well as the North Atlantic, North Sea and Baltic regions.
Christine Lundberg; Trude Furunes. 20 years of theScandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism: looking to the past and forward. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism 2021, 21, 1 -13.
AMA StyleChristine Lundberg, Trude Furunes. 20 years of theScandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism: looking to the past and forward. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism. 2021; 21 (1):1-13.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChristine Lundberg; Trude Furunes. 2021. "20 years of theScandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism: looking to the past and forward." Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism 21, no. 1: 1-13.
The world has been affected by an outbreak of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19). Health care workers are among those most at risk of contracting the virus. In the fight against the coronavirus, nurses play a critical role. Still, most social media platforms demonstrate that nurses fear that their health is not being prioritized. The purpose of this study is to investigate nurses’ experiences through analyzing the main themes shared on Instagram by nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. In contrast with highly structured research, the current paper highlights nurses’ natural language use in describing their experiences during the first months of the outbreak in their workplace. Instagram captions were utilized as a data source. Leximancer was utilized for the content analysis of nurses’ narratives towards their coronavirus experience. We sought to accomplish three research objectives: the first was to identify the main themes in the descriptions of nurses’ experiences shared via their social media, specifically Instagram; then, to determine the relationships among concepts, and finally, to give useful implications based on the findings. The current study uses a qualitative (i.e., narratives) approach to analyze the main components of the nurses’ experiences during the pandemic. The Leximancer software analysis revealed nine major textual themes and the relationships among these themes. In order of the relative importance, the themes were “patients”, “coronavirus”, “exhaustion”, “family”, “hospital”, “personal protective equipment” (PPE), “shift”, “fear”, and “uncertainty”. The results offer practical implications based on the social media information regarding nurses’ overall experiences.
Huseyin Arasli; Trude Furunes; Kaveh Jafari; Mehmet Bahri Saydam; Zehra Degirmencioglu. Hearing the Voices of Wingless Angels: A Critical Content Analysis of Nurses’ COVID-19 Experiences. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 8484 .
AMA StyleHuseyin Arasli, Trude Furunes, Kaveh Jafari, Mehmet Bahri Saydam, Zehra Degirmencioglu. Hearing the Voices of Wingless Angels: A Critical Content Analysis of Nurses’ COVID-19 Experiences. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (22):8484.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHuseyin Arasli; Trude Furunes; Kaveh Jafari; Mehmet Bahri Saydam; Zehra Degirmencioglu. 2020. "Hearing the Voices of Wingless Angels: A Critical Content Analysis of Nurses’ COVID-19 Experiences." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 22: 8484.
Trude Furunes; Christine Lundberg. Editorial. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism 2020, 20, 1 -3.
AMA StyleTrude Furunes, Christine Lundberg. Editorial. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism. 2020; 20 (1):1-3.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTrude Furunes; Christine Lundberg. 2020. "Editorial." Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism 20, no. 1: 1-3.
Effective leadership of healthcare professionals is critical for creating supportive work environments but also for strengthening quality of care. Based on current evidence, the aim of this chapter is to synthesize how different approaches to leadership are associated with healthy and unhealthy employee and patient outcomes. Further the chapter points to promising Healthy Healthcare approaches and discusses potential strengths and weaknesses. The increasing research interest in the links between leadership and quality of care is also outlined.
Trude Furunes. Leadership in Healthcare. Integrating the Organization of Health Services, Worker Wellbeing and Quality of Care 2020, 135 -157.
AMA StyleTrude Furunes. Leadership in Healthcare. Integrating the Organization of Health Services, Worker Wellbeing and Quality of Care. 2020; ():135-157.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTrude Furunes. 2020. "Leadership in Healthcare." Integrating the Organization of Health Services, Worker Wellbeing and Quality of Care , no. : 135-157.
BackgroundKnowledge of how to improve consumer satisfaction with the outcome of co-production in services with high levels of interaction is important for achieving and maintaining a competitive advantage in the service industry.ObjectivesThe aim of this paper is to review and meta-analyse research on the relationship between aspects of feedback to customers in interaction-intense encounters and the customer's satisfaction with the outcome.MethodsWe followed recommendations of the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Review and Interventions to do a review and meta-analysis of relevant empirical research. From January 2018 to July 2018, we systematically searched PsycINFO, Business Source Complete, Science Direct and Web of Science for relevant studies.ResultsA total of six articles – consisting of 22 RCTs – were identified and included in the meta-analysis. Results indicate that feedback valence, with an effect size of 0.61 (0.43, 0.78), and feedback style, with an effect size of 0.82 (0.08, 1.57), have an impact on customers' satisfaction with the outcome of co-production. For feedback interventions, effect size -0.29 (-0.69, 0.11), and feedback medium, effect size 0.43 (-0.00, 0.86), the results are inconclusive.ConclusionsThe present study suggest that there is a significant relationship between satisfaction with the outcome of co-production and feedback style and valence. To satisfy customers, service providers should offer positive feedback. In order to extend our knowledge, more studies on the effect of different feedback styles on customers' satisfaction with the outcome of co-production are needed.
May Irene Furenes; Jo Røislien; Olga Gjerald; Trude Furunes; Torvald Øgaard. A systematic review and meta-analysis: the effect of feedback on satisfaction with the outcome of task performance. Heliyon 2019, 5, 1 .
AMA StyleMay Irene Furenes, Jo Røislien, Olga Gjerald, Trude Furunes, Torvald Øgaard. A systematic review and meta-analysis: the effect of feedback on satisfaction with the outcome of task performance. Heliyon. 2019; 5 (11):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMay Irene Furenes; Jo Røislien; Olga Gjerald; Trude Furunes; Torvald Øgaard. 2019. "A systematic review and meta-analysis: the effect of feedback on satisfaction with the outcome of task performance." Heliyon 5, no. 11: 1.
Purpose Informed by the role and script theory, this paper aims to explore workforce and customer experiences related to service delivery under the sharing economy. The study is expedient as the sharing economy spreads its disruptive innovation across the hospitality industry. Design/methodology/approach This paper applies a qualitative approach, sourcing online data from virtual platforms. Findings The results indicate both positive and negative experiences for customers and the workforce, and the paper highlights the challenges of fragmented service delivery as a result of service delivery mediated through mobile applications. Practical implications Food delivery mediated through mobile applications is likely to expand as more households are lured by its convenience. This change has implications for both restaurants and the workforce. Originality/value Although a growing number of studies analyse the impact of the sharing economy on the hospitality industry, much of the focus has been on accommodation, and the impact and implications for the food-service segment has not been thoroughly investigated yet.
Trude Furunes; Muchazondida Mkono. Service-delivery success and failure under the sharing economy. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 2019, 31, 3352 -3370.
AMA StyleTrude Furunes, Muchazondida Mkono. Service-delivery success and failure under the sharing economy. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management. 2019; 31 (8):3352-3370.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTrude Furunes; Muchazondida Mkono. 2019. "Service-delivery success and failure under the sharing economy." International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 31, no. 8: 3352-3370.
Aims and objectives To increase knowledge about experienced nurses’ understanding of a health‐promoting work environment, health‐promoting leadership, and its role in retention of staff in the nursing workplace. Background The quality of leadership is imperative in creating supportive and health‐promoting work environments to ensure workforce productivity and ethically sustainable caring cultures. More knowledge on how leaders can promote health and sustainable careers among nurses is needed. At a time of current and projected nursing shortage, it is important to understand the reasons why nurses intend to remain in their jobs. Design Qualitative descriptive. Method Twelve experienced Registered Nurses participated in an individual, digitally recorded, semi‐structured interview. Data were transcribed verbatim and subjected to qualitative content analysis of manifest and latent content. Results A health‐promoting work environment should provide autonomy, participation in decision‐making, skills development, and social support. Health‐promoting leaders should be attentive and take action. Conclusion Health‐promoting work environments enable nurses to flourish. Having ample autonomy is therefore important to nurses so that when they face new challenges they see them as a way of using and developing their competencies. Although most nurses claim their own leaders are not health promoting, they have a clear understanding of how a health‐promoting leader should act. The health‐promoting leader should not only be attentive and promote skills development, but also cater for nurses’ meaningfulness. Relevance to clinical practice Nurses in primary healthcare understand a health‐ promoting work environment to be a workplace where they can develop, not only clinical skills, but also flourish as human beings. Further, nurses find it health promoting to have a meaningful job, using their competence to make a difference for patients and their families. Nurse Managers have an important role in facilitating meaningfulness in nurses’ jobs in order to retain nurses as a valuable asset for the organization. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Trude Furunes; Anita Kaltveit; Kristin Akerjordet. Health-promoting leadership: A qualitative study from experienced nurses’ perspective. Journal of Clinical Nursing 2018, 27, 4290 -4301.
AMA StyleTrude Furunes, Anita Kaltveit, Kristin Akerjordet. Health-promoting leadership: A qualitative study from experienced nurses’ perspective. Journal of Clinical Nursing. 2018; 27 (23-24):4290-4301.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTrude Furunes; Anita Kaltveit; Kristin Akerjordet. 2018. "Health-promoting leadership: A qualitative study from experienced nurses’ perspective." Journal of Clinical Nursing 27, no. 23-24: 4290-4301.
Trude Furunes. Reflections on systematic reviews: moving golden standards? Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism 2018, 19, 227 -231.
AMA StyleTrude Furunes. Reflections on systematic reviews: moving golden standards? Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism. 2018; 19 (3):227-231.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTrude Furunes. 2018. "Reflections on systematic reviews: moving golden standards?" Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism 19, no. 3: 227-231.
To provide a synthesis of the evidence of health-promoting leadership related to nursing by exploring definitions, core attributes and critical conditions. Increasing pressure in health-care settings due to efficiency requirements, population aging with complex illnesses and projected global shortage of nurses, is a potential threat to nurses’ health and job satisfaction, as well as patient quality of care and safety. New ways of thinking about nursing leadership and evidence-based human resource management are required to improve nursing environments. Integrative literature review. Eight databases were searched: Academic Search Premier, CINAHL, Emerald, ERIC, Web of Science, MEDLINE, Psychinfo and Science Direct. Included papers were published between 2000-2016. Of 339 papers, 13 were eligible for inclusion: eight qualitative and five quantitative. Studies were assessed for quality using standardized checklists. Framework-based synthesis was used, allowing for themes identified a priori to be specified as coding categories. This method also allows new themes to emerge de novo. Four themes emerged. There are multiple definitions of health-promoting leadership, along with description of the non-health promoting leader. The health-promoting nurse leader engages in employees’ health promotion, takes responsibility for actions and maintains open communication, accommodating nurses’ participation in change processes. Through competence development, the health-promoting organization builds capacity. Research on health-promoting leadership may be a promising path to optimizing nursing outcomes through holistic thinking, which emphasizes the importance of context. Accumulated research is required to build a stronger line of international research, with attention to underlying mechanisms, limiting conditions and behaviours known to health-promoting leadership. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Kristin Akerjordet; Trude Furunes; Annie Haver. Health-promoting leadership: An integrative review and future research agenda. Journal of Advanced Nursing 2018, 74, 1505 -1516.
AMA StyleKristin Akerjordet, Trude Furunes, Annie Haver. Health-promoting leadership: An integrative review and future research agenda. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 2018; 74 (7):1505-1516.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKristin Akerjordet; Trude Furunes; Annie Haver. 2018. "Health-promoting leadership: An integrative review and future research agenda." Journal of Advanced Nursing 74, no. 7: 1505-1516.
Per Erik Solem; Astri Syse; Trude Furunes; Reidar J. Mykletun; Annet de Lange; Wilmar Schaufeli; Juhani Ilmarinen. Measurement of Retirement Intentions. PsycTESTS Dataset 2016, 1 .
AMA StylePer Erik Solem, Astri Syse, Trude Furunes, Reidar J. Mykletun, Annet de Lange, Wilmar Schaufeli, Juhani Ilmarinen. Measurement of Retirement Intentions. PsycTESTS Dataset. 2016; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StylePer Erik Solem; Astri Syse; Trude Furunes; Reidar J. Mykletun; Annet de Lange; Wilmar Schaufeli; Juhani Ilmarinen. 2016. "Measurement of Retirement Intentions." PsycTESTS Dataset , no. : 1.
Gro Ellen Mathisen; Trude Furunes. Editorial. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism 2015, 15, 241 -243.
AMA StyleGro Ellen Mathisen, Trude Furunes. Editorial. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism. 2015; 15 (3):241-243.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGro Ellen Mathisen; Trude Furunes. 2015. "Editorial." Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism 15, no. 3: 241-243.
SynonymsDecision to retire; Labor market exit; Labor market pathways; Older workers; Pension reforms; Retirement decision processes; Retirement pathwaysDefinitionThis contribution focuses on the act of retirement, that is, exiting the labor market, and the potential processes involved prior to an older worker’s retirement decision. Employee and employer perspectives are discussed.IntroductionTo minimize the growing economic burden caused by population aging, there has been an increasing focus on prolonging older workers’ careers. Internationally, recent pension reforms and initiatives to prolong working life have led to multiple retirement options and possible pathways among which older workers can choose (Furunes et al. in process).In spite of pension reforms and initiatives to prolong working life, obstacles to prolong working life exist at the individual level (e.g., motivation to continue or bridge careers; Feldman 2007), at the organizational level (e.g., manager attitudes; Furune ...
Trude Furunes. Timing of Retirement. Encyclopedia of Geropsychology 2015, 1 -11.
AMA StyleTrude Furunes. Timing of Retirement. Encyclopedia of Geropsychology. 2015; ():1-11.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTrude Furunes. 2015. "Timing of Retirement." Encyclopedia of Geropsychology , no. : 1-11.
Theories on the relations between leaders and subordinates have been of interest to researchers for decades; however, these theories have received less attention in the Nordic countries. The aim of this study is twofold: to investigate the validity of the Leader-Member-Exchange Scale, LMX-7, in three Norwegian samples, and to explore potentially negative relationships between leader–member relationships and work-environment quality indicators. Data were collected from teachers (n = 409), industrial workers (n = 406), and bus drivers (n = 1024). All hypotheses were supported. Results supported use of the measure LMX-7 as indicated by factor structure, high construct validity, sufficient criterion-related validity, discriminant validity, and internal reliability as measured by Cronbach’s alpha above 0.90. Poor quality relationships were associated with higher levels of role conflict, stress, bullying, turnover intentions, age discrimination, and negative affectivity, and lower levels of job satisfaction, commitment, skills utilization, autonomy, participation, perceived fairness, and social support. Potential consequences of low-quality relations and implications of findings are discussed.
Trude Furunes; Reidar J. Mykletun; Ståle Einarsen; Lars Glasø. Do Low-quality Leader-Member Relationships Matter for Subordinates? Evidence from Three Samples on the Validity of the Norwegian LMX Scale. Nordic Journal of Working Life Studies 2015, 5, 71 -87.
AMA StyleTrude Furunes, Reidar J. Mykletun, Ståle Einarsen, Lars Glasø. Do Low-quality Leader-Member Relationships Matter for Subordinates? Evidence from Three Samples on the Validity of the Norwegian LMX Scale. Nordic Journal of Working Life Studies. 2015; 5 (2):71-87.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTrude Furunes; Reidar J. Mykletun; Ståle Einarsen; Lars Glasø. 2015. "Do Low-quality Leader-Member Relationships Matter for Subordinates? Evidence from Three Samples on the Validity of the Norwegian LMX Scale." Nordic Journal of Working Life Studies 5, no. 2: 71-87.
Aims: Mental health, currently one of the biggest challenges worldwide, requires attention and research. The aim of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Short Warwick–Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale (SWEMWBS), and validate the scale for use in Norway and Sweden. SWEMWBS, which includes both hedonic and eudemonic principles of mental well-being, could facilitate useful future studies. Method: Data were collected among Norwegian and Swedish hotel managers ( N=600) through self-rated online questionnaires. Tests used to examine the psychometric properties of the scale included descriptive statistics, correlations, reliability analyses, and explorative factor analyses in SPSS, as well as confirmatory factor analyses in AMOS. Robustness tests were run for gender and country subsamples. Results: The scale showed adequate internal consistency and reliability. Results of the confirmatory factor analysis showed moderate fit in Norway and Sweden. In addition, the scale showed acceptable construct, criterion-related, and discriminant validity. Conclusion: The psychometric properties of the SWEMWBS were acceptable in both the Norwegian and the Swedish translations of the scale.
Annie Haver; Kristin Akerjordet; Peter Caputi; Trude Furunes; Christopher Magee. Measuring mental well-being: A validation of the Short Warwick–Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale in Norwegian and Swedish. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health 2015, 43, 721 -727.
AMA StyleAnnie Haver, Kristin Akerjordet, Peter Caputi, Trude Furunes, Christopher Magee. Measuring mental well-being: A validation of the Short Warwick–Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale in Norwegian and Swedish. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. 2015; 43 (7):721-727.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnnie Haver; Kristin Akerjordet; Peter Caputi; Trude Furunes; Christopher Magee. 2015. "Measuring mental well-being: A validation of the Short Warwick–Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale in Norwegian and Swedish." Scandinavian Journal of Public Health 43, no. 7: 721-727.
Research on the correspondence between retirement intentions and subsequent behaviour is scarce. We aimed to explore possible associations between retirement intentions and behaviour, using five-year high-quality quantitative panel data on Norwegian senior workers. Retirement intentions operate at different levels of firmness: (a) considerations; (b) preferences; and (c) decisions. Compared to work continuation considerations, a targeted age for retirement improved predictive power whether the target was preferred or decided, and particularly so if the target (i.e. the preferred or decided age of retirement), corresponded with a normative retirement age. Because more workers are able to state a preferred age of retiring than a decision about when to retire, preferences may be better proxies for retirement behaviour than decisions, when the issue is planning for policies. The correspondence between intentions and behaviour varies primarily by health, education and type of work. Older workers with poor health, and workers with low education, often retire earlier than they prefer. Blue-collar workers often retire earlier than they had decided. These findings illustrate the possible effect of labour market resources, not only for senior workers' labour market participation, but also for their opportunities to work up to the age they prefer or had decided. Even for white-collar workers and those in good health, constraints seem to apply when they wish to retire late.
Per Erik Solem; Astri Syse; Trude Furunes; Reidar J. Mykletun; Annet De Lange; Wilmar Schaufeli; Juhani Ilmarinen. To leave or not to leave: retirement intentions and retirement behaviour. Ageing and Society 2014, 36, 259 -281.
AMA StylePer Erik Solem, Astri Syse, Trude Furunes, Reidar J. Mykletun, Annet De Lange, Wilmar Schaufeli, Juhani Ilmarinen. To leave or not to leave: retirement intentions and retirement behaviour. Ageing and Society. 2014; 36 (2):259-281.
Chicago/Turabian StylePer Erik Solem; Astri Syse; Trude Furunes; Reidar J. Mykletun; Annet De Lange; Wilmar Schaufeli; Juhani Ilmarinen. 2014. "To leave or not to leave: retirement intentions and retirement behaviour." Ageing and Society 36, no. 2: 259-281.
Annie Haver; Kristin Akerjordet; Trude Furunes. Wise Emotion Regulation and the Power of Resilience in Experienced Hospitality Leaders. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism 2014, 14, 152 -169.
AMA StyleAnnie Haver, Kristin Akerjordet, Trude Furunes. Wise Emotion Regulation and the Power of Resilience in Experienced Hospitality Leaders. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism. 2014; 14 (2):152-169.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnnie Haver; Kristin Akerjordet; Trude Furunes. 2014. "Wise Emotion Regulation and the Power of Resilience in Experienced Hospitality Leaders." Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism 14, no. 2: 152-169.
Research on spouses’ joint work exits is scarce, although household factors such as spouses’ work status, marital quality, and caregiving burdens are likely to affect seniors’ work engagement. We therefore examine whether the work exit probability of one spouse affects that of the other. Discrete-time hazard regression analyses of survey data linked to later registry information including all gainfully employed married respondents aged 50–74 with a working spouse ( N = 1,764) were used to assess subsequent work exits. A spouse’s work exit is a strong predictor of a respondent’s work exit (hazard ratio 3.1, 95% confidence interval [2.5, 4.0]). Educational attainment, poor marital quality, and spouses’ health and care needs do not predict work exits. Surprisingly, no gender differences are observed. Research on larger survey samples to distinguish different work exit routes and reasons for spouses’ joint work exits appears warranted. To account for cultural and welfare state characteristics, cross-national studies ought to be undertaken.
Astri Syse; Per Erik Solem; Elisabeth Ugreninov; Reidar Mykletun; Trude Furunes. Do Spouses Coordinate Their Work Exits? A Combined Survey and Register Analysis From Norway. Research on Aging 2014, 36, 625 -650.
AMA StyleAstri Syse, Per Erik Solem, Elisabeth Ugreninov, Reidar Mykletun, Trude Furunes. Do Spouses Coordinate Their Work Exits? A Combined Survey and Register Analysis From Norway. Research on Aging. 2014; 36 (5):625-650.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAstri Syse; Per Erik Solem; Elisabeth Ugreninov; Reidar Mykletun; Trude Furunes. 2014. "Do Spouses Coordinate Their Work Exits? A Combined Survey and Register Analysis From Norway." Research on Aging 36, no. 5: 625-650.
This integrative review synthesizes research on emotion regulation and its implications for leadership, from both leaders’ and followers’ perspectives. Regulating one’s emotions is considered an area of key competence associated with effective and good leadership. Three themes emerged from the preliminary synthesis: (a) emotion regulation strategies as facilitators of health, (b) emotion regulation strategies as facilitators of job outcome, and (c) emotion regulation as barriers to health and job outcomes. Findings revealed that leaders’ emotion competencies, cultural understanding, and coaching ability and the quality of leader–member relationships seem particularly important for the efficiency of emotion regulation. Methodological shortcomings and future research are discussed.
Annie Haver; Kristin Akerjordet; Trude Furunes. Emotion Regulation and Its Implications for Leadership. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies 2013, 20, 287 -303.
AMA StyleAnnie Haver, Kristin Akerjordet, Trude Furunes. Emotion Regulation and Its Implications for Leadership. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies. 2013; 20 (3):287-303.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnnie Haver; Kristin Akerjordet; Trude Furunes. 2013. "Emotion Regulation and Its Implications for Leadership." Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies 20, no. 3: 287-303.
This article aims at illuminating the contemporary glacier tourism scene, and does so by showing how glacier tourism in Norway has developed as an adventure tourism activity over the past 7 years. In total, 17 companies offered guided glacier activities for approximately 20–30,000 visitors per year. Data were collected by repeated interviews, website studies, and participant observation. The product variety covers guided day tours, longer guided tours, and glacier instructor courses. There has been product development from traditional glacier surface walks and activities in the glacier-arm area as well as glacier lake kayaking, terminal face walks, and ice climbing. Glacier tourism can be seen as a mix between purchasable short-term holidays and gradually acquired life-time skill. This analysis focuses on five important preconditions for this adventure tourism niche, namely, natural resources, access, demand, entrepreneurship, and need for special competence. The study also provides insight into current and future challenges and perceived risks on three levels. Results indicate that glacier tourism is not dependent on large glaciers. Studying current companies' location shows there is room for expansion in terms of extensively using natural resources where there is demand. However, some entrepreneurs are sceptical of the industry's future as recent recession of the glaciers has made access more difficult.
Trude Furunes; Reidar J. Mykletun. Frozen Adventure at Risk? A 7-year Follow-up Study of Norwegian Glacier Tourism. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism 2012, 12, 324 -348.
AMA StyleTrude Furunes, Reidar J. Mykletun. Frozen Adventure at Risk? A 7-year Follow-up Study of Norwegian Glacier Tourism. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism. 2012; 12 (4):324-348.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTrude Furunes; Reidar J. Mykletun. 2012. "Frozen Adventure at Risk? A 7-year Follow-up Study of Norwegian Glacier Tourism." Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism 12, no. 4: 324-348.
Municipal health service are facing many new challenges, including a growing number of elderly patients, the emergence of complex diseases, time pressure at work and an increased use of technology in the workplace. As a means of coping with these challenges municipalities may require their health professionals possess expertise in these particular areas, and performance appraisal (PA) may uses to assess their employees' skills. The aim of this study is to use different models (PA carried out in group and individual conversations) to examine the effects of professional learning through PA. Group and individual PAs were conducted in one municipality. Questionnaires were distributed to a representative sample of 60 employees (test-group: 10 groups X3 employees; control-group: 30 employees), most of them were nurses and auxiliary nurses, at three different points in time (pre-test, post-test1 and post-test2). Respondents involved in the group-PA experienced more professional learning through the PA than those involved in the individual-PA. This finding was correlated with greater levels of employee participation, effort and personal exchanges in the PA, as well as better working conditions. However, employees involved in the individual-PA were more satisfied with the PA per se. Health personnel in municipal health services experience more professional learning through group-PA than individual-PA.
Froydis Vasset; Einar Marnburg; Trude Furunes. Exploring Different Effects of Performance Appraisal in Group and Individual Conversations. Nordic Journal of Nursing Research 2012, 32, 36 -41.
AMA StyleFroydis Vasset, Einar Marnburg, Trude Furunes. Exploring Different Effects of Performance Appraisal in Group and Individual Conversations. Nordic Journal of Nursing Research. 2012; 32 (3):36-41.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFroydis Vasset; Einar Marnburg; Trude Furunes. 2012. "Exploring Different Effects of Performance Appraisal in Group and Individual Conversations." Nordic Journal of Nursing Research 32, no. 3: 36-41.