Jacob Klein

Dr. Jacob Klein

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Research Focus & Metrics

Academic Career Length

35Years (1992-Present)

(Calculated once Scilit publication data is synced: current year − year of first publication + 1)

Representative Publications

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26 March 2013 in Friction
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JKJacob Klein
Jacob Klein
The hydration lubrication paradigm, whereby hydration layers are both strongly held by the charges they surround, and so can support large pressures without being squeezed out, and at the same time remain very rapidly relaxing and so have a fluid response to shear, provides a framework for understanding, controlling, and designing very efficient boundary lubrication systems in aqueous and biological media. This review discusses the properties of confined water, which—unlike organic solvents—retains its fluidity down to molecularly thin films. It then describes lubrication by hydrated ions trapped between charged surfaces, and by other hydrated boundary species including charged and zwitterionic polymer brushes, surfactant monolayers, liposomes, and biological macromolecules implicated in synovial joint lubrication. Finally, challenges and prospects for future development of this new boundary lubrication approach are considered.

24 March 2021 in Advanced Materials
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WLWeifeng Lin
Weifeng Lin
JKJacob Klein
Jacob Klein

16 October 2020 in Science
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WLWeifeng Lin
Weifeng Lin
MKMonika Kluzek
Monika Kluzek
NINoa Iuster
Noa Iuster
ESEyal Shimoni
Eyal Shimoni
NKNir Kampf
Nir Kampf
JKJacob Klein
Jacob Klein
Slippery surfaces using lipids: In engineered systems, a reduction in friction can come from the use of lubricants or through surface coatings that are inherently slippery. For most hydrogels, which are cross-linked polymers heavily swelled with water, surface lubrication typically comes from trapped liquids that help to form a slippery surface. Drawing inspiration from articular cartilage that in part uses a lipid boundary layer, Lin et al. designed hydrogels with small concentrations of lipids that are continuously exuded toward the surface to make a slippery layer (see the Perspective by Schmidt). Friction and wear of the hydrogels was reduced by up to a factor of 100, and the effect was observed even after the hydrogels were dried and rehydrated. Science , this issue p. 335 ; see also p. 288

11 July 2016 in Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering
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SJSabrina Jahn
Sabrina Jahn
JSJasmine Seror
Jasmine Seror
JKJacob Klein
Jacob Klein
The major synovial joints such as hips and knees are uniquely efficient tribological systems, able to articulate over a wide range of shear rates with a friction coefficient between the sliding cartilage surfaces as low as 0.001 up to pressures of more than 100 atm. No human-made material can match this. The means by which such surfaces maintain their very low friction has been intensively studied for decades and has been attributed to fluid-film and boundary lubrication. Here, we focus especially on the latter: the reduction of friction by molecular layers at the sliding cartilage surfaces. In particular, we discuss such lubrication in the light of very recent advances in our understanding of boundary effects in aqueous media based on the paradigms of hydration lubrication and of the synergism between different molecular components of the synovial joints (namely hyaluronan, lubricin, and phospholipids) in enabling this lubrication.

10 March 2015 in Nature Communications
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JSJasmine Seror
Jasmine Seror
LZLinyi Zhu
Linyi Zhu
RGRonit Goldberg
Ronit Goldberg
ADAnthony Day
Anthony Day
JKJacob Klein
Jacob Klein
Hyaluronan, lubricin and phospholipids, molecules ubiquitous in synovial joints, such as hips and knees, have separately been invoked as the lubricants responsible for the remarkable lubrication of articular cartilage; but alone, these molecules cannot explain the extremely low friction at the high pressures of such joints. We find that surface-anchored hyaluronan molecules complex synergistically with phosphatidylcholine lipids present in joints to form a boundary lubricating layer, which, with coefficient of friction μ≈0.001 at pressures to over 100 atm, has a frictional behaviour resembling that of articular cartilage in the major joints. Our findings point to a scenario where each of the molecules has a different role but must act together with the others: hyaluronan, anchored at the outer surface of articular cartilage by lubricin molecules, complexes with joint phosphatidylcholines to provide the extreme lubrication of synovial joints via the hydration–lubrication mechanism.

2 January 2009 in Science
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JKJacob Klein
Jacob Klein
Insights into the molecular origins of cartilage lubrication could lead to more efficient tissue repair and to longer-lasting prostheses for hip and knee joints.