The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) has revolutionized smart manufacturing by enhancing automation, operational efficiency, and data-driven decision making. However, the interconnected nature of IIoT devices raises significant concerns about security and system integrity. This paper examines the application of blockchain technology to address these challenges, with a focus on data integrity, access control, and traceability. This paper proposes a blockchain-based framework that leverages decentralized security, smart contracts, and edge computing to mitigate vulnerabilities, including unauthorized access and data manipulation. The framework is evaluated for practicality, scalability, and constraints within IIoT environments. Additionally, this paper discusses the integration of complementary security mechanisms, such as Zero Trust architecture and AI-driven anomaly detection, to provide a comprehensive cybersecurity solution for the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT).

This research presents a novel method to assess inter-chain message relay time in the Cosmos blockchain network, which employs the Inter-Blockchain Communication (IBC) protocol for blockchain interoperability. While inter-chain transactions in Cosmos lag behind intra-chain transactions, this research conducts a thorough performance evaluation, emphasizing message relay time across diverse Cosmos chains. The results show a strong association between inter-chain transaction frequency and overall transaction processing speed (TPS), underscoring the inherent trade-off between scalability and compatibility in inter-chain communication protocols. A thorough understanding of inter-chain transaction performance is essential for advancing interoperability and improving cross-blockchain network designs. As a result, this research improves our understanding of Cosmos’ functionality and provides insightful recommendations for boosting the effectiveness and scalability of inter-chain communication. The study also sheds light on message delivery patterns in the Cosmos ecosystem, showing that IBC message relay time has an average duration of 55.448 s and is distributed lognormally. Notably, the time between the commitment of the IBC RecvPacket transaction and the commitment of the IBC Acknowledgement transaction (R to A time) considerably impacts the effectiveness of message transmission, which causes delays in the IBC message relay process.

A good archive management system must consider information security aspects, such as availability, confidentiality, and integrity. The Cilegon E-Archive (CEA) system is a centralized system for managing the lifecycle of archives. The existing CEA system has several problems, including a single point of failure, low data availability, and difficulty in proving the originality of files. This paper introduces a prototype for a new CEA system that integrates IPFS and the Ethereum private network. In addition, CEA DApp is developed as an interface for users in interacting with CEA system, and its functionality is managed by a smart contract. The results show that the conducted improvements into the CEA system highly improved the system security in terms of preventing archival forgeries.