To predict the longevity of cut roses (Rosa hybrida L.), we used thermal image analysis on '3D', 'Kensington Garden', and 'Hera' rose cultivars. At blooming stage, the temperatures of leaves and petals were similar to or slightly lower than the air temperature. When the temperature of leaves and petals increased by 2°C compared to the air temperature, no symptoms such as senescence were visible in the leaves and petals. However, three days after the temperature increase, significant visual senescence was observed and the temperature of leaves and petals decreased back to that of the air temperature. Based on this data, we identified three different stages of cut roses: (1) the blooming stage, (2) the last stage with no visual senescence, and (3) the stage with significant visual senescence. To embody a longevity prediction model for cut roses, the temperature difference between the leaf of 'Hera' and the air were chosen for the practice data for the model. After the machine learning process, a model with 100% accuracy was obtained. According to the model, when the temperature of a cut rose leaf is lower than the surrounding air, it is undergoing its blooming stage, while when it is higher it is undergoing the senescence stage. Using logistic regression with machine learning, a value of 1 indicates the senescence stage and a value of 0 indicates the blooming stage. This study suggests that current smart farming techniques used for cut roses are first-generation level, which means there are limitations in environmental control when using a remote control system and partially automatic system. To upgrade this process and overcome these limitations, an optimal model to predict the longevity of a cut rose is needed.

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of different qualities of LED irradiation on the growth of and antioxidant concentrations and activity in Sedum takesimense. After blue LED treatment, leaf length and width increased, and there were more leaves per stem than under other treatments. The plants under RBW (red:blue:white = 1:1:1) LED treatment had significantly higher fresh and dry weights than those under other treatments. The concentrations of total flavonoids and total phenolics and DPPH (2,2 Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity of the plants increased after light treatment. The concentration of antioxidants (total flavonoids and total phenolics) and DPPH radical scavenging, ABTS [2, 2ʹ-Azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)] radical scavenging were higher after blue LED treatment than after any other treatment. The concentration of total flavonoids was highly correlated with that of total phenolics (r = 0.821, p ≤ 0.05) and with DPPH radical scavenging (r = 0.505, p ≤ 0.05), ABTS radical scavenging (r = 0.767, p ≤ 0.01). The concentration of total phenolics was also strongly correlated with DPPH radical scavenging (r = 0.868, p ≤ 0.01) and ABTS radical scavenging (r = 0.862, p ≤ 0.01) activities. It is suggested that blue LED treatment affects the synthesis of antioxidants during growth in chamber. We thus conclude that these antioxidant compounds are a major factor in determining antioxidant activity. Therefore, it was determined that Sedum takesimense belonging to Crassulaceae can be grown using blue LED in growth chambers.