With the dramatic trend of global aging, the physical and mental health of the rural elderly has attracted significant attention. Social support plays an important role in improving the health of the elderly. However, assessing the impact of social support on the physical and mental health of the elderly is challenging in rural China. This paper analyzes the impact of social support on the physical and mental health of the Chinese rural elderly based on data collected from households and village cadres. Probit, Oprobit, and ordinary least squares (OLS) are used to estimate these effects. The results show that 24.3% of the rural elderly are in bad physical health, and 32.9% of them are depressed. Physical and mental health is worse among the female elderly and among those who are in western provinces. Having pensions, taking care of grandchildren, and communicating with children by telephone are shown to significantly improve the mental health of the rural elderly. The government could promote the mental health of the rural elderly by improving public health services, increasing pensions, providing free mobile phones to elderly people in poverty, and advocating that the younger generation provide emotional support.

The purpose of this paper is to assess the impact of plot size on the components of farmland rental contracts choice and evaluate the effects of its heterogeneities on different plot characteristics in the context of China. Based on the data from a nationally representative sample of 1215 plots among 5 provinces in rural China, this paper yields robust results using regional fixed effect method and SUR model. The results show that plot size significantly affects farmland rental contract choice. The probability of renting from non-relatives, signing a written contract, and renting with a fixed term increases by 0.5%, 0.9%, and 0.6% with 1 mu increase of plot size, respectively, and the annual rent rises by RMB 3.514 per mu. The effects of plot size on contract form, contract rent, and contract term were much larger for adjacent plots, especially for the flat and eastern plots. The findings imply that the government should encourage the innovation of managing or using plots that are of small size or non-adjacent to promote the integration of farmland resources for the formalization of farmland rental contracts, especially for mountain and western areas.