Resolvins are vital in resolving inflammation and are crucial in various disease activities. Their therapeutic potential has also been identified in severa

Periodontitis is an inflammatory condition triggered by a host response to pathogenic dental biofilms, particularly Gram-negative anaerobes such as Porphyromonas gingivalis (P gingivalis ). Effective management often involves scaling, root planing, and chemical treatments. Herbal remedies, such as onion extracts, have shown potential in combating periodontal pathogens due to their low toxicity and beneficial properties. This interventional study aims to evaluate the antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties of onion peel extract against P gingivalis in an in vitro setting. Onion peels were cleaned, dried, powdered, and extracted using the Soxhlet method. The minimum inhibitory concentration of the extract against P gingivalis was determined. Antioxidant activity was assessed using the 2,2-diphenyl-picryl-hydrazyl assay, and anti-inflammatory effects were evaluated through matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibition assays. The minimum inhibitory concentration for onion peel extract was 0.2 µL/mL, indicating significant antimicrobial activity. The 2,2-diphenyl-picryl-hydrazyl assay revealed 40% antioxidant activity at concentrations ranging from 25 to 100 µL/mL. The anti-inflammatory assay demonstrated a 65% inhibition of MMP-9 and a 72% inhibition of MMP-2, suggesting robust anti-inflammatory effects. The findings suggest that onion peel extract has antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory qualities, implying it could be used therapeutically to treat periodontal diseases. Its effectiveness in lowering P gingivalis growth and inflammation demonstrates its potential as a natural supplement to conventional treatments.

Background: Scaling and root planing (SRP) are non-surgical periodontal treatments used to remove plaque and calculus, essential for maintaining peri-implant health. However, the mechanical action of SRP may affect the surface characteristics of dental implant materials, potentially impacting implant osseointegration and longevity. Materials and Methods: A total of 60 dental implant specimens were categorized into three groups based on the material composition: Group A (Titanium), Group B (Zirconia), and Group C (Polyetheretherketone - PEEK). Each group consisted of 20 specimens. All specimens underwent SRP using a stainless steel curette and ultrasonic scaler. Surface roughness (Ra) was measured before and after treatment using a profilometer. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to evaluate the surface topography changes. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA and paired t-tests, with a significance level set at P < 0.05. Results: The surface roughness (Ra) of all implant materials increased following SRP. Group A (Titanium) showed an increase in roughness from 0.65 μm to 0.85 μm (P < 0.01), while Group B (Zirconia) exhibited an increase from 0.55 μm to 0.70 μm (P < 0.01). Group C (PEEK) demonstrated the most significant change, with roughness increasing from 0.30 μm to 0.60 μm (P < 0.001). SEM images revealed that Group A and B implants had minor surface scratches, while Group C showed deeper grooves post-SRP. The difference in surface alteration was statistically significant between the groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Scaling and root planing lead to increased surface roughness and topographical changes in dental implant materials, with PEEK implants being most affected. The findings suggest that while SRP is effective for peri-implant maintenance, care should be taken with material selection as surface alterations may influence implant success rates.