In this research reflection we question the way leisure experience is commonly understood and how leisure science is commonly conducted. Specifically, we focus on advances in multiple self-theory popularized by Daniel Kahneman in Thinking, Fast and Slow, an in-depth examination of human thought processes. After establishing Kahneman's foundational perspective, we apply his thinking to leisure experience and leisure science by reviewing recent scholarship focused on the “experiencing” and “remembering” selves (2000). We conclude the reflection by discussing the implications of Kahneman's thinking for the use of self-reports by leisure scientists, as well as call for greater congruence between the selves we seek to research and our selected research methods.

Proximity, the physical distance between visitors and wildlife, has been suggested as a potential factor contributing to high-quality wildlife viewing experiences. Managing visitor proximity to wildlife through interpretation and regulation is a recognized strategy to improve the safety of visitors and the species they encounter during ecotourism experiences in parks and protected areas. To further understand the important elements that influence proximity preferences for wildlife viewing, this study used an interpretivist approach to explore the experiences of visitors (n = 43) at Denali National Park & Preserve (Alaska, U.S.A). Results indicate that five interrelated themes influence visitors’ desired proximity to wildlife. Study findings also highlight the importance of park unit-specific management, and the need to manage at a unit-specific level the expectations for wildlife viewing proximity. Practitioners can use these findings to inform wildlife viewing management, increase visitor safety, and positively influence visitor experiences.

Air pollution is one of the greatest environmental health risks facing people worldwide. The transboundary nature of air pollution may place park and protected area (PPA) resources, as well as visitors, at risk of exposure to the same harmful pollutants that plague urban populations. Despite our knowledge of the various impacts of air pollution on endemic species, ecosystem functions, and human health, there exists a gap in our understanding of how air pollution impacts the visitor experience in PPAs. We reduced this deficit by conducting a scoping review of existing empirical social science literature focused on the social and psychological effects of degraded air quality in and around PPAs. Using a systematic scoping process, we assessed peer-reviewed, empirical social science articles (n = 458), for evidence of human dimensions of air quality scholarship in International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) protected area sites. Results suggest a relative dearth of peer-reviewed social science scholarship explicitly focused on the visitor experience of air quality in PPAs worldwide. Descriptive analyses illustrate a consolidation of scholarship in specific publications, as well as geographic concentration of scholarship in North American protected areas and IUCN Category II (National Parks). Subsequent inductive analyses yielded five emergent themes—ecosystem services, visitor impacts, transit, measurement of behavior, and variable importance—evident in human dimensions of air quality literature, as well as variety of implications for future human dimensions of air quality scholarship and PPA management. 摘要 空气污染是全世界人民面临的最大的环境健康风险之一。空气污染的跨界性质可能使公园和保护区(PPA)资源以及游客如城市居民一样遭受同样有害污染物的困扰。尽管我们知道空气污染对当地物种、生态系统功能和人类健康的各种影响, 但我们对空气污染对公园与保护区游客体验的情感、行为和认知影响的了解尚有差距。我们对现有的实证社会科学文献进行了梳理以缩短这种差距, 重点是游客在公园与保护区内外空气质量下降的社会心理影响。通过系统的梳理文献, 我们评估了458篇经过同行评议的、实证性的社会科学的文章, 以证实国际自然保护联盟(IUCN)保护区空气质量研究的人文因素。结果表明, 全球范围明确关注公园与保护区空气质量对游客体验影响的同行评议社会科学研究相对缺乏。描述分析表明, 这方面的研究在某些出版物较为突出, 研究的地理范围集中在北美保护区和自然保护联盟第二类地区(国家公园)。随后的归纳分析呈现出五个主题：生态系统服务、游客影响、交通、行为测量和变量重要性——在空气质量文献的人类因素中很明显, 以及对未来空气质量研究和公园保护区管理的人类因素的各种启示。

We explore the sensory experiences of individuals who live, work, and play in an environment marred by air pollution. Sensory phenomenology provides a theoretical lens through which to analyze the experiences of residents living with and through air pollution events in the Salt Lake metropolitan area, Utah. Excerpts from ten essays are presented to support four researcher-developed themes and reflexive analyses. The role of the senses in negotiating air pollution during leisure experiences is discussed, as is the democratization of embodiment resulting from exposure to air pollution. We show how research that uses sensory descriptions as primary data can provide a radical closeness to the lived leisure experience as well as a replicable model for sensitive leisure scholarship.