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Compound-specific radiocarbon analysis (CSRA) of leaf waxes has revealed significant lag times before compounds are deposited in marine and lacustrine sediments. No such data so far exist for a cold and arid high altitude lake system, where carbon turnover and biomarker fluxes to sediments are expected to be relatively low. To elucidate transport dynamics of terrestrial leaf waxes in such an environment (MAT: -4°C, MAP <100mm), we determined CSRA-ages of selected long-chain n-alkanes in surface soil samples (0-10 cm), collected from alpine meadows in the catchment of Lake Karakul (Pamirs, Tajikistan), and in two sections of a well dated sediment core from the same lake. We aimed to answer the question if there is a potential bias in the interpretation of biomarker records, in case the leaf wax compounds are significantly older than the sediment age-model suggests.
nC29- and nC31-alkanes in the soil samples exhibited variable ages, ranging from 105±79 to 2260±155 cal. yrs BP. In the two sediment core samples, three of the four obtained ages for nC29 and nC31 felt on the very lower ends of the 1ϭ-uncertainty ranges of modelled ages (based on AMS 14CTOC and OSL dating results).
The large span of CSRA-ages of soils gives evidence for heterogeneous decomposition and transport conditions in the lake catchment. We hypothesize that compounds with longest pre-aging contributed in lower proportions to the accumulated lake sediments and further suggest that sedimentary leaf waxes represent compounds with intermediate turnover time in soils, for example originating from alluvial plains close to the shores. Overall, the obtained results give evidence that sedimentary leaf wax compounds in this cold and arid high altitude setting are potentially older than the conventional age-model indicates. On the other hand, these findings need to be interpreted in context of the generally large uncertainty ranges of such age-models, which are further influenced by unknown factors for example changes of reservoir effects.
Bernhard Aichner; Janet Rethemeyer; Merle Gierga; Alexander Stolz; Monika Mętrak; Mateusz Wilk; Małgorzata Suska-Malawska; Dirk Sachse; Ilhomjon Rajabov; Nasimjon Rajabov; Steffen Mischke. Compound-specific radiocarbon ages of soil and sedimentary leaf wax biomarkers in an arid high-altitude environment. 2021, 1 .
AMA StyleBernhard Aichner, Janet Rethemeyer, Merle Gierga, Alexander Stolz, Monika Mętrak, Mateusz Wilk, Małgorzata Suska-Malawska, Dirk Sachse, Ilhomjon Rajabov, Nasimjon Rajabov, Steffen Mischke. Compound-specific radiocarbon ages of soil and sedimentary leaf wax biomarkers in an arid high-altitude environment. . 2021; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBernhard Aichner; Janet Rethemeyer; Merle Gierga; Alexander Stolz; Monika Mętrak; Mateusz Wilk; Małgorzata Suska-Malawska; Dirk Sachse; Ilhomjon Rajabov; Nasimjon Rajabov; Steffen Mischke. 2021. "Compound-specific radiocarbon ages of soil and sedimentary leaf wax biomarkers in an arid high-altitude environment." , no. : 1.
Melting glaciers release new ground surfaces, which may be either a source of greenhouse gas emissions or a sink for carbon dioxide. Studies carried out in subpolar and alpine ecosystems confirm the relatively rapid soil development and increase of carbon and nitrogen pools. However, observations from high-mountain glacier forelands in cold and dry climate are very scarce. This study analyses the impact of major environmental factors related to climate, topography, and vegetation, over a time-scale, on soil development and spatial soil differentiation in the foreland of Uisu Glacier, East Pamir Mountains. Moreover, the usefulness of the World Reference Base (WRB) and Soil Taxonomy in the classification of poorly developed soils in the ultracontinental climate was assessed. Geomorphological, pedological, and botanical surveys covered a sequence of terraces, alluvial fans, and end-moraines. Typical characteristics of the soils in the glacier foreland were: very high stoniness, coarse texture, high content of calcium carbonate, alkaline reaction, and low salinity. Soil development has extremely low intensity and was manifested in (a) soil organic carbon pools being among the lowest reported in the world (up to 1.4 kg m-2 in the layer 0-50 cm), and (b) the presence of cambic/calcic horizons only on landforms older than of Mid-Holocene age (estimated). It was concluded that both the extremely cold and extremely dry climate conditions in the Uisu Glacier foreland limit the water flux and availability, suppress vegetation density and variability, and slow down the rate of soil development. Both WRB and Soil Taxonomy were able to reflect the advances in soil development and spatial soil differentiation (Calcaric Hyperskeletic Leptosols – Calcaric Cambisols – Cambic Calcisols, and Gelifluvents – Haplocambids - Haplocalcids, respectively); however, highlighting different features developed under an extremely cold and dry climate conditions of the East Pamir Mountains.
Cezary Kabala; Łukasz Chachulski; Bogdan Gądek; Bartosz Korabiewski; Monika Mętrak; Małgorzata Suska-Malawska. Soil development and spatial differentiation in a glacial river valley under cold and extremely arid climate of East Pamir Mountains. Science of The Total Environment 2020, 758, 144308 .
AMA StyleCezary Kabala, Łukasz Chachulski, Bogdan Gądek, Bartosz Korabiewski, Monika Mętrak, Małgorzata Suska-Malawska. Soil development and spatial differentiation in a glacial river valley under cold and extremely arid climate of East Pamir Mountains. Science of The Total Environment. 2020; 758 ():144308.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCezary Kabala; Łukasz Chachulski; Bogdan Gądek; Bartosz Korabiewski; Monika Mętrak; Małgorzata Suska-Malawska. 2020. "Soil development and spatial differentiation in a glacial river valley under cold and extremely arid climate of East Pamir Mountains." Science of The Total Environment 758, no. : 144308.
Toxic metabolites are produced by many cyanobacterial species. There are limited data on toxigenic benthic, mat-forming cyanobacteria, and information on toxic cyanobacteria from Central Asia is even more scarce. In the present study, we examined cyanobacterial diversity and community structure, the presence of genes involved in toxin production and the occurrence of cyanotoxins in cyanobacterial mats from small water bodies in a cold high-mountain desert of Eastern Pamir. Diversity was explored using amplicon-based sequencing targeting the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene, toxin potential using PCR-based methods (mcy, nda, ana, sxt), and toxins by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Molecular identification of cyanobacteria showed a high similarity of abundant taxa to Nostoc PCC-73102, Nostoc PCC-7524, Nodularia PCC-935 and Leptolyngbya CYN68. The PCRs revealed the presence of mcyE and/or ndaF genes in 11 samples and mcyD in six. The partial sequences of the mcyE gene showed high sequence similarity to Nostoc, Planktothrix and uncultured cyanobacteria. LC-MS/MS analysis identified six microcystin congeners in two samples and unknown peptides in one. These results suggest that, in this extreme environment, cyanobacteria do not commonly produce microcystins, anatoxins and cylindrospermopsins, despite the high diversity and widespread occurrence of potentially toxic taxa.
Nataliia Khomutovska; Małgorzata Sandzewicz; Łukasz Łach; Małgorzata Suska-Malawska; Monika Chmielewska; Hanna Mazur-Marzec; Marta Cegłowska; Toirbek Niyatbekov; Susanna A. Wood; Jonathan Puddick; Jan Kwiatowski; Iwona Jasser. Limited Microcystin, Anatoxin and Cylindrospermopsin Production by Cyanobacteria from Microbial Mats in Cold Deserts. Toxins 2020, 12, 244 .
AMA StyleNataliia Khomutovska, Małgorzata Sandzewicz, Łukasz Łach, Małgorzata Suska-Malawska, Monika Chmielewska, Hanna Mazur-Marzec, Marta Cegłowska, Toirbek Niyatbekov, Susanna A. Wood, Jonathan Puddick, Jan Kwiatowski, Iwona Jasser. Limited Microcystin, Anatoxin and Cylindrospermopsin Production by Cyanobacteria from Microbial Mats in Cold Deserts. Toxins. 2020; 12 (4):244.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNataliia Khomutovska; Małgorzata Sandzewicz; Łukasz Łach; Małgorzata Suska-Malawska; Monika Chmielewska; Hanna Mazur-Marzec; Marta Cegłowska; Toirbek Niyatbekov; Susanna A. Wood; Jonathan Puddick; Jan Kwiatowski; Iwona Jasser. 2020. "Limited Microcystin, Anatoxin and Cylindrospermopsin Production by Cyanobacteria from Microbial Mats in Cold Deserts." Toxins 12, no. 4: 244.
Nutrient cycling in alpine permafrost-affected wetlands remains insufficiently studied, as it is influenced by a complex network of interrelated climatic and environmental factors, at both regional and local scale. Therefore, we applied mathematical models to examine relationship between environmental factors and plant functional traits reflecting N availability in wetland communities developed under locally variable conditions in a geographic and climatic gradient of high-altitude habitats. Moreover, we assessed impact of local differences in soil chemistry on plant fractionation of N isotopes as a response to N availability. Based on environmental data and chemistry of biomass from 192 study sites from the Pamir Mountains (Tajikistan) and Khangai and Khentei Mountains (Mongolia), a matrix of rank correlations was prepared for regional and local factors and community level plant functional traits. For the traits that were highly correlated either with regional or with local drivers (that is plant N:P ratio and plant δ15N), linear models were built, with a limited set of predictors selected according to the Risk Inflation Criterion and the SOS algorithm. The models were fitted for each of the studied regions. Presented regional models indicated significant influence of soil NH4+ and/or PO43- content on plant N:P ratio, which showed increase with altitude and lowering precipitation. Thus, its values clearly distinguished between the Pamir Mountains (high N:P) and the Mongolian ranges (low N:P). Models for plant δ15N showed its strong positive correlations with soil δ15N and soil salinity. Average values of plant δ15N were comparable for both study areas. The studied plant functional traits showed different response to regional and local drivers. Plant N:P ratio was controlled by regional drivers via their influence on soil NH4+ content. Contrastingly, plant δ15N was significantly affected by local factors, namely soil δ15N and soil salinity expressed as Na:EC.
Monika Mętrak; Piotr Pokarowski; Marcin Sulwiński; Altantsetseg Gantumur; Małgorzata Suska-Malawska; Mętrak Monika; Pokarowski Piotr; Sulwiński Marcin; Gantumur Altantsetseg; Suska-Malawska Małgorzata. Plant response to N availability in permafrost-affected alpine wetlands in arid and semi-arid climate zones. Science of The Total Environment 2020, 721, 137791 .
AMA StyleMonika Mętrak, Piotr Pokarowski, Marcin Sulwiński, Altantsetseg Gantumur, Małgorzata Suska-Malawska, Mętrak Monika, Pokarowski Piotr, Sulwiński Marcin, Gantumur Altantsetseg, Suska-Malawska Małgorzata. Plant response to N availability in permafrost-affected alpine wetlands in arid and semi-arid climate zones. Science of The Total Environment. 2020; 721 ():137791.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMonika Mętrak; Piotr Pokarowski; Marcin Sulwiński; Altantsetseg Gantumur; Małgorzata Suska-Malawska; Mętrak Monika; Pokarowski Piotr; Sulwiński Marcin; Gantumur Altantsetseg; Suska-Malawska Małgorzata. 2020. "Plant response to N availability in permafrost-affected alpine wetlands in arid and semi-arid climate zones." Science of The Total Environment 721, no. : 137791.
This study was aimed at collecting and examining a sediment core from Lake Rangkul (Eastern Pamir, Tajikistan) to better understand the lake's development and to assess past variations in climatic conditions in this particular area in comparison with data available from other lakes from the neighboring locations. For the purposes of this study, we performed detailed geochemical and palynological analyses on the sediment core taken from Lake Rangkul in 2014. Moreover, we obtained historical satellite and meteorological data and performed field tests for ground ice presence to identify trends in recent lake development. We distinguished 5 distinct stages over the past 2000 years of the lake's history that differ in geochemical and palynological characteristics. Despite the fact that Lake Rangkul is shallow and sensitive to various disturbances in sedimentation, the recorded stages are in accordance with general climatic trends observed for the Northern Hemisphere in the Late Holocene. Satellite data from the past 45 years shows a noticeable increase in the lake's area, which coincides with rising air temperatures. As the lake is located in the permafrost region with ground ice present immediately below the soil surface, its functioning is influenced by permafrost thawing, which will lead to future changes in the lake area and the distribution of surrounding wet meadows, used as pastures by local inhabitants.
Monika Mętrak; Piotr Szwarczewski; Krzysztof Bińka; Elżbieta Rojan; Jakub Karasiński; Grzegorz Górecki; Małgorzata Suska-Malawska. Late Holocene development of Lake Rangkul (Eastern Pamir, Tajikistan) and its response to regional climatic changes. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 2019, 521, 99 -113.
AMA StyleMonika Mętrak, Piotr Szwarczewski, Krzysztof Bińka, Elżbieta Rojan, Jakub Karasiński, Grzegorz Górecki, Małgorzata Suska-Malawska. Late Holocene development of Lake Rangkul (Eastern Pamir, Tajikistan) and its response to regional climatic changes. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 2019; 521 ():99-113.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMonika Mętrak; Piotr Szwarczewski; Krzysztof Bińka; Elżbieta Rojan; Jakub Karasiński; Grzegorz Górecki; Małgorzata Suska-Malawska. 2019. "Late Holocene development of Lake Rangkul (Eastern Pamir, Tajikistan) and its response to regional climatic changes." Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 521, no. : 99-113.
Invasive alien predators pose a threat to native fauna and the studies of their feeding habits are crucial to understanding their impact on prey populations. Diet of the American mink Neovison vison, an invasive species in Europe, is relatively well studied based on scat analysis, however, the use of other methods of diet analysis enables a better overview of this issue. We analyzed the isotopic composition of carbon and nitrogen in the livers, which reflects the diet from about 30–40 days (scat analysis provides information on the diet over 1–2 days only) of the American mink from four national parks in Poland and in the muscles of three types of mink prey (root voles, common frogs, and roach) in order to estimate their contribution to the mink diet. Mink in Biebrza and Narew National Parks fed mainly on frogs and fish, in Drawa National Park on voles and fish, and in Warta Mouth National Park almost exclusively on fish—as shown by Bayesian mixing models calculated for three selected groups of prey. There was no isotopic evidence for differences between the diets of male and female mink. In all groups of prey, we found surprisingly high differences between individuals of the same species from different study sites in the isotopic composition of both δ13C (up to 3‰) and δ15N (up to 6‰). Based on a detailed literature review, we predict that the main reasons for these variations are differences in abiotic environment, food availability, and trophic position. We also indicate a lack of data on trophic discrimination in fish and amphibians, which makes it hard to assess the influence of differences in trophic position on isotopic variations. We suggest caution to authors who plan to study geographical variations in diet of animals using stable isotope analysis without acknowledging that taxonomically and ecologically similar prey can differ in isotopic composition between studied areas.
Piotr Chibowski; Andrzej Zalewski; Małgorzata Suska-Malawska; Marcin Brzeziński. Study on geographical differences in American mink diets reveals variations in isotopic composition of potential mink prey. Mammal Research 2019, 64, 343 -351.
AMA StylePiotr Chibowski, Andrzej Zalewski, Małgorzata Suska-Malawska, Marcin Brzeziński. Study on geographical differences in American mink diets reveals variations in isotopic composition of potential mink prey. Mammal Research. 2019; 64 (3):343-351.
Chicago/Turabian StylePiotr Chibowski; Andrzej Zalewski; Małgorzata Suska-Malawska; Marcin Brzeziński. 2019. "Study on geographical differences in American mink diets reveals variations in isotopic composition of potential mink prey." Mammal Research 64, no. 3: 343-351.
In arid and semi-arid zones, atmospheric dust of different origins influences soil chemistry and plant biomass composition. Thus, studies on plant accumulation of heavy metals and rare earth elements (RREs) should include some assessments of potential eolian deposition. Here, we proposed the use of fractionation of metals in soils as an indirect method to assess potential atmospheric dust input to metal content in plant biomass. Our research was performed on individuals of Tamarix spp. growing on saline automorphic and hydromorphic soils in Kazakhstan. Studied soils could be, in general, classified as polluted, especially in industrial areas of Karaganda and Chromtau. However, concentrations of heavy metals and RREs in biomass remained low, as most of the studied elements were present in plant-inaccessible forms. Nevertheless, we recorded a high accumulation of Cd in biomass (70% of this element present in soils as plant-inaccessible fractions), which indicates the impact of Cd atmospheric deposition.
Małgorzata Suska-Malawska; Marcin Sulwiński; Mateusz Wilk; Azimbay Otarov; Monika Mętrak. Potential eolian dust contribution to accumulation of selected heavy metals and rare earth elements in the aboveground biomass of Tamarix spp. from saline soils in Kazakhstan. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 2019, 191, 57 .
AMA StyleMałgorzata Suska-Malawska, Marcin Sulwiński, Mateusz Wilk, Azimbay Otarov, Monika Mętrak. Potential eolian dust contribution to accumulation of selected heavy metals and rare earth elements in the aboveground biomass of Tamarix spp. from saline soils in Kazakhstan. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment. 2019; 191 (2):57.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMałgorzata Suska-Malawska; Marcin Sulwiński; Mateusz Wilk; Azimbay Otarov; Monika Mętrak. 2019. "Potential eolian dust contribution to accumulation of selected heavy metals and rare earth elements in the aboveground biomass of Tamarix spp. from saline soils in Kazakhstan." Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 191, no. 2: 57.
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E.V. Baybakova; E.E. Nefedieva; Małgorzata Suska-Malawska. THE INFLUENCE OF CYPROCONAZOLE, FLUDIOXONIL AND PREPARATIONS ON THEIR BASIS ON THE GROWTH OF WHEAT AND BARLEY, AND GRAINS CONTAMINATION WITH FUNGAL DISEASES. Book of proceedings of the All-Russian Scientific Conference with International Participation and Schools of Young Scientists "Mechanisms of resistance of plants and microorganisms to unfavorable environmental" (parts I, II) 2018, 1 .
AMA StyleE.V. Baybakova, E.E. Nefedieva, Małgorzata Suska-Malawska. THE INFLUENCE OF CYPROCONAZOLE, FLUDIOXONIL AND PREPARATIONS ON THEIR BASIS ON THE GROWTH OF WHEAT AND BARLEY, AND GRAINS CONTAMINATION WITH FUNGAL DISEASES. Book of proceedings of the All-Russian Scientific Conference with International Participation and Schools of Young Scientists "Mechanisms of resistance of plants and microorganisms to unfavorable environmental" (parts I, II). 2018; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleE.V. Baybakova; E.E. Nefedieva; Małgorzata Suska-Malawska. 2018. "THE INFLUENCE OF CYPROCONAZOLE, FLUDIOXONIL AND PREPARATIONS ON THEIR BASIS ON THE GROWTH OF WHEAT AND BARLEY, AND GRAINS CONTAMINATION WITH FUNGAL DISEASES." Book of proceedings of the All-Russian Scientific Conference with International Participation and Schools of Young Scientists "Mechanisms of resistance of plants and microorganisms to unfavorable environmental" (parts I, II) , no. : 1.
The spectral-kinetic characteristics of luminescence of 17 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) sorbed from a “water-organic solvent” medium on cellulose diacetate (CDA) matrices were studied. A significant increase in the fluorescence signal on the CDA matrix was observed for 13 PAHs in comparison with aqueous solutions. The highest detection sensitivity was found for pyrene, benzo(a)pyrene, and benzo(k)fluoranthene. The fluorescence spectra of two PAH indicator pairs (anthracene–phenanthrene and pyrene–fluoranthene) used to control toxicant emission sources were studied with the simultaneous presence of isomers in the analyte, depending on the excitation wavelength. For both isomer pairs, it has been found that the spectra of their solid-state luminescence overlap insignificantly, the characteristic peaks do not coincide and do not overlap, the sensitivities of detection are close to each other, which makes it possible to consider this technique as promising to control PAH contamination sources.
Malgorzata Suska-Malawska; Tamara Gubina; Svetlana Rogacheva; Anna Shipovskaya; Elena Volkova; Grachia Khurshudyan. Solid-state surface luminescence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons adsorbed on cellulose diacetate matrices. Saratov Fall Meeting 2017: Optical Technologies in Biophysics and Medicine XIX 2018, 10716, 1071620 .
AMA StyleMalgorzata Suska-Malawska, Tamara Gubina, Svetlana Rogacheva, Anna Shipovskaya, Elena Volkova, Grachia Khurshudyan. Solid-state surface luminescence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons adsorbed on cellulose diacetate matrices. Saratov Fall Meeting 2017: Optical Technologies in Biophysics and Medicine XIX. 2018; 10716 ():1071620.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMalgorzata Suska-Malawska; Tamara Gubina; Svetlana Rogacheva; Anna Shipovskaya; Elena Volkova; Grachia Khurshudyan. 2018. "Solid-state surface luminescence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons adsorbed on cellulose diacetate matrices." Saratov Fall Meeting 2017: Optical Technologies in Biophysics and Medicine XIX 10716, no. : 1071620.
Jacek Borgulat; Monika Mętrak; Tomasz Staszewski; Bogusław Wiłkomirski; Małgorzata Suska-Malawska. Heavy Metals Accumulation in Soil and Plants of Polish Peat Bogs. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies 2018, 27, 537 -544.
AMA StyleJacek Borgulat, Monika Mętrak, Tomasz Staszewski, Bogusław Wiłkomirski, Małgorzata Suska-Malawska. Heavy Metals Accumulation in Soil and Plants of Polish Peat Bogs. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies. 2018; 27 (2):537-544.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJacek Borgulat; Monika Mętrak; Tomasz Staszewski; Bogusław Wiłkomirski; Małgorzata Suska-Malawska. 2018. "Heavy Metals Accumulation in Soil and Plants of Polish Peat Bogs." Polish Journal of Environmental Studies 27, no. 2: 537-544.
Nataliia Khomutovska; Maja Jerzak; Iwona Kostrzewska-Szlakowska; Jan Kwiatowski; Małgorzata Suska-Malawska; Marcin Syczewski; Iwona Jasser. Life in Extreme Habitats: Diversity of Endolithic Microorganisms from Cold Desert Ecosystems of Eastern Pamir. Polish Journal of Ecology 2017, 65, 303 -319.
AMA StyleNataliia Khomutovska, Maja Jerzak, Iwona Kostrzewska-Szlakowska, Jan Kwiatowski, Małgorzata Suska-Malawska, Marcin Syczewski, Iwona Jasser. Life in Extreme Habitats: Diversity of Endolithic Microorganisms from Cold Desert Ecosystems of Eastern Pamir. Polish Journal of Ecology. 2017; 65 (4):303-319.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNataliia Khomutovska; Maja Jerzak; Iwona Kostrzewska-Szlakowska; Jan Kwiatowski; Małgorzata Suska-Malawska; Marcin Syczewski; Iwona Jasser. 2017. "Life in Extreme Habitats: Diversity of Endolithic Microorganisms from Cold Desert Ecosystems of Eastern Pamir." Polish Journal of Ecology 65, no. 4: 303-319.
Central Asia is a vast area extending from the Caspian Sea to the western borders of China, with highly differentiated geography (high mountains, excessive deserts, grassy steppes), geology and anthropological history. As such it poses a perfect site for various studies, including paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic research. Up to now, we performed two distinct studies in Central Asia: (1) a preliminary study on the Holocene loess-soil succession in the Karasu Valley, at the Tien Shan foothills in Uzbekistan; (2) and a study on development of high mountain lakes in the Pamir, based on lake sediments of the Rangkul Lake in the Eastern Pamir, Tajikistan (initial results presented here). In both studies we used magnetic properties of studied sediments and soils as one of parameters in multiproxy analyses. Paleosols from the Karasu Valley developed into continuous and uninterrupted sedimentary sequences interbedded with loess horizons. These sequences are characterized by diversified magnetic susceptibility values that reflect changes in their formation. Sediments form the Rangkul Lake show 5 significant shifts in deposition processes, caused by changes in water level. These shifts are clearly reflected both in sediment composition and in magnetic susceptibility of deposited material.
Monika Mętrak; Fabian Welc; Piotr Szwarczewski; Małgorzata Suska-Malawska. From Deserts to Glaciers: Magnetometry in Paleoenvironmental Studies in Central Asia. Flood Risk in the Upper Vistula Basin 2017, 51 -63.
AMA StyleMonika Mętrak, Fabian Welc, Piotr Szwarczewski, Małgorzata Suska-Malawska. From Deserts to Glaciers: Magnetometry in Paleoenvironmental Studies in Central Asia. Flood Risk in the Upper Vistula Basin. 2017; ():51-63.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMonika Mętrak; Fabian Welc; Piotr Szwarczewski; Małgorzata Suska-Malawska. 2017. "From Deserts to Glaciers: Magnetometry in Paleoenvironmental Studies in Central Asia." Flood Risk in the Upper Vistula Basin , no. : 51-63.
The eastern part of the Pamir Mountains, located in Central Asia, is characterized by great climatic continentality and aridity. Wetlands developed in this hostile region are restricted to spring areas, terraces of shallow lakes or floodplains along rivers, and provide diversified ecosystem services e.g. as water reservoirs, refugia for rare species and pastures for domestic cattle. These ecosystems are particularly susceptible to climate changes, that in the Pamir Mountains result in increased temperatures, intense permafrost/glacial melt and alterations of precipitation patterns. Climatic changes affect pasture management in the mountains, causing overutilization of sites located at lower elevations. Thus, both climate and man-induced disturbances may violate the existing ecological equilibrium in high-mountain wetlands of the Eastern Pamir, posing a serious risk to their biodiversity and to food security of the local population. In this context, we sought to assess how environmental drivers (with special focus on soil features and potential water sources) shape the distribution and diversity of halophytic plant communities developed in valleys in the Eastern Pamir. This task was completed by means of a vegetation survey and comprehensive analyses of habitat conditions. The lake terraces and floodplains studied were covered by a repetitive mosaic of plant communities determined by differences in soil moisture and salinity. On lower, wetter sites, this patchwork was formed by Blysmus rufus dominated salt marshes, saline small sedge meadows and saline meadows with Kobresia royleana and Primula pamirica; and on drier, elevated sites, by endemic grasslands with Hordeum brevisubulatum and Puccinellia species and patches of xerohalophytic vegetation. Continuous instability of water sources and summer droughts occurring in the Pamir Mountains may lead to significant structural and functional transformations of described wetland ecosystems. Species more tolerant to decreased soil moisture and/or increased soil salinity will expand, leading to alterations of ecosystem services provided by the Pamirs’ wetlands. The described research will help to assess the current state of the wetlands and to predict directions of their future changes.
Monika Mętrak; Łukasz Chachulski; Dovutsho Navruzshoev; Paweł Pawlikowski; Elżbieta Rojan; Marcin Sulwiński; Małgorzata Suska-Malawska. Nature's patchwork: How water sources and soil salinity determine the distribution and structure of halophytic plant communities in arid environments of the Eastern Pamir. PLoS ONE 2017, 12, e0174496 .
AMA StyleMonika Mętrak, Łukasz Chachulski, Dovutsho Navruzshoev, Paweł Pawlikowski, Elżbieta Rojan, Marcin Sulwiński, Małgorzata Suska-Malawska. Nature's patchwork: How water sources and soil salinity determine the distribution and structure of halophytic plant communities in arid environments of the Eastern Pamir. PLoS ONE. 2017; 12 (3):e0174496.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMonika Mętrak; Łukasz Chachulski; Dovutsho Navruzshoev; Paweł Pawlikowski; Elżbieta Rojan; Marcin Sulwiński; Małgorzata Suska-Malawska. 2017. "Nature's patchwork: How water sources and soil salinity determine the distribution and structure of halophytic plant communities in arid environments of the Eastern Pamir." PLoS ONE 12, no. 3: e0174496.
Fire has considerable impact on vegetation and organic soils properties. As we observed that the differences between vegetation of burnt and unburnt areas on the rich fen are visible 11 years after the fire, we assumed that the post-fire changes are long lasting, yet limited exclusively to the burnt areas. In order to check this hypothesis we studied spatial differentiation of physical and chemical properties of soils, and productivity capacities of burnt and unburnt areas in the fen in Biebrza National Park. We took soil samples from the neighboring burnt and unburnt areas, from the depth of 0–30 cm and 30–50 cm. We analyzed 21 parameters of the soils including: pH, ash content, moisture, bulk density, exchangeable K, Na, Ca, available P, N-NH4+, N-NO3−, total N, C, K, Na, Ca, Mg, Fe, P; and calculated C:N, C:P ratios. Surface layer of the burnt soils differed significantly from the unburnt soils in respect of 17 out of 21 parameters. The most pronounced difference was observed for available phosphorous (on average 6 times higher for the burnt soils). The differences in the deeper layer were mostly insignificant. The burnt areas were also characterized by twofold higher plant productivity than recorded for the unburnt areas. The influence of fire on peaty soils was long lasting but mostly limited to the surface layer of the soils. In the case of particular soil features, the post-fire differences were modified by advanced muck formation (moorshing) processes in the unburnt areas. Since the fire led to long lasting increase of fertility, the recovery of fen vegetation is unlikely.
Marcin Sulwiński; Monika Mętrak; Małgorzata Suska-Malawska. Long-term fire effects of the drained open fen on organic soils. Archives of Environmental Protection 2017, 43, 11 -19.
AMA StyleMarcin Sulwiński, Monika Mętrak, Małgorzata Suska-Malawska. Long-term fire effects of the drained open fen on organic soils. Archives of Environmental Protection. 2017; 43 (1):11-19.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarcin Sulwiński; Monika Mętrak; Małgorzata Suska-Malawska. 2017. "Long-term fire effects of the drained open fen on organic soils." Archives of Environmental Protection 43, no. 1: 11-19.
Pine needles are one of the most commonly used bioindicators of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the environment. Therefore, the main objective of the current research was the assessment of PAHs accumulation potential of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) needles in comparison to wild rosemary (Rhododendron tomentosum Harmaja) and birch (Betula spp.) leaves. Our study was carried out on three peat bogs subjected to different degree of anthropopression, which gave us also the opportunity to identify local emission sources. Pine needles had the lowest accumulation potential from all the studied species. The highest accumulation potential, and hence carcinogenic potential, was observed for wild rosemary leaves. As far as emission sources are concerned, the most pronounced influence on atmospheric PAHs loads had traditional charcoal production, resulting in great influx of heavy PAHs. Observed seasonal changes in PAHs concentrations followed the pattern of winter increase, caused mainly by heating season, and summer decrease, caused mainly by volatilization of light PAHs.
Monika Mętrak; Ekonomiuk Aneta; Bogusław Wiłkomirski; Tomasz Staszewski; Małgorzata Suska-Malawska. Interspecific differences in foliar 1 PAHs load between Scots pine, birch, and wild rosemary from three polish peat bogs. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 2016, 188, 456 .
AMA StyleMonika Mętrak, Ekonomiuk Aneta, Bogusław Wiłkomirski, Tomasz Staszewski, Małgorzata Suska-Malawska. Interspecific differences in foliar 1 PAHs load between Scots pine, birch, and wild rosemary from three polish peat bogs. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment. 2016; 188 (8):456.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMonika Mętrak; Ekonomiuk Aneta; Bogusław Wiłkomirski; Tomasz Staszewski; Małgorzata Suska-Malawska. 2016. "Interspecific differences in foliar 1 PAHs load between Scots pine, birch, and wild rosemary from three polish peat bogs." Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 188, no. 8: 456.
Scenario of climate changes in the Late Pleistocene and Holocene in Central Asia is very fragmentary and inconsistent. Therefore, interaction between the development and decline of ancient cultures and the climate fluctuations are difficult to be traced. To resolve this problem, the key role can be played by multidisciplinary studies of unique Late Pleistocene and especially Holocene loess – soil succession of the Tien Shan foothills in Uzbekistan. This area yields unique successions of paleosols interbedded with loesses that are particularly useful for paleoclimate analysis. They are represented by continuous and uninterrupted sedimentary sequences with a highly varied record of magnetic susceptibility. As such, they contain a full sequence of short-term climatic oscillations of the Holocene in high resolution and therefore, in this case, they are exceptional on global scale. The correlation of Late Pleistocene and Holocene climate changes scenario with stages of development and collapse of the past human settlement in Central Asia seems at present one of the most promising research directions, in line with the substantial course of interdisciplinary research on the interaction between humans and the natural environment.
Fabian Welc; Khodjiakbar Toychiew; Małgorzata Suska-Malawska; Leszek Marks; Monika Mętrak. Paleoclimatological and Geoarchaeological Significance of the Holocene Loess – Soil Successions of the Tien Shan Foothills of Uzbekistan. Studia Quaternaria 2016, 33, 57 -68.
AMA StyleFabian Welc, Khodjiakbar Toychiew, Małgorzata Suska-Malawska, Leszek Marks, Monika Mętrak. Paleoclimatological and Geoarchaeological Significance of the Holocene Loess – Soil Successions of the Tien Shan Foothills of Uzbekistan. Studia Quaternaria. 2016; 33 (1):57-68.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFabian Welc; Khodjiakbar Toychiew; Małgorzata Suska-Malawska; Leszek Marks; Monika Mętrak. 2016. "Paleoclimatological and Geoarchaeological Significance of the Holocene Loess – Soil Successions of the Tien Shan Foothills of Uzbekistan." Studia Quaternaria 33, no. 1: 57-68.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heavy metals are the two most important groups of pollutants associated with rail transport. Both have a serious negative impact on the natural environment, including human health and degradation of sensitive ecosystems. In our study, apart from qualitative and quantitative analysis of the main PAHs and heavy metals associated with rail, we tried to assess composition of specific compounds related to functional areas of railway infrastructure and to distinguish potential chemical markers which can be used for identification of pollution. Moreover, we evaluated the applicability of plants overgrowing railway infrastructure as bioindicators of rail-associated pollution. Though we confirmed that high amounts of PAHs and heavy metals in soil are characteristic for intensively used railway infrastructure, we found no typical pollution profiles for the differently used areas (i.e. platforms, sidings, cleaning bays). The major source of these contaminants is petroleum products used in conservation of railway infrastructure and rolling stock. As far as the use of plants overgrowing railway infrastructure as bioindicators of rail-associated pollution is concerned, it is rather limited, due to frequent application of herbicides for security and track stability reasons.
Monika Mętrak; Monika Chmielewska; Barbara Sudnik-Wójcikowska; Bogusław Wiłkomirski; Tomasz Staszewski; Małgorzata Suska-Malawska. Does the Function of Railway Infrastructure Determine Qualitative and Quantitative Composition of Contaminants (PAHs, Heavy Metals) in Soil and Plant Biomass? Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 2015, 226, 1 .
AMA StyleMonika Mętrak, Monika Chmielewska, Barbara Sudnik-Wójcikowska, Bogusław Wiłkomirski, Tomasz Staszewski, Małgorzata Suska-Malawska. Does the Function of Railway Infrastructure Determine Qualitative and Quantitative Composition of Contaminants (PAHs, Heavy Metals) in Soil and Plant Biomass? Water, Air, & Soil Pollution. 2015; 226 (8):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMonika Mętrak; Monika Chmielewska; Barbara Sudnik-Wójcikowska; Bogusław Wiłkomirski; Tomasz Staszewski; Małgorzata Suska-Malawska. 2015. "Does the Function of Railway Infrastructure Determine Qualitative and Quantitative Composition of Contaminants (PAHs, Heavy Metals) in Soil and Plant Biomass?" Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 226, no. 8: 1.
Pamir is a highland region in Central Asia, located on the orogenic uplift known as the Pamir Knot which joins several Asian mountain ranges. The name Pamir may derive from the ancient Iranian pai-mir, “foot of Mithra,” god of the sun or from the word pamers, which means the flat and wide high valleys with typical mountain meadows in altitudes around 3500–4000 m above sea level (a.s.l.) High mountain topography (the highest ranges exceed 7000 m a.s.l.) is a characteristic feature of this region and acts as a barrier isolating it from the rest of the world.
M. Metrak; M. Sulwinski; Łukasz Chachulski; M. Wilk; Małgorzata Suska-Malawska. Creeping Environmental Problems in the Pamir Mountains: Landscape Conditions, Climate Change, Wise Use and Threats. Climate Change Impacts on High-Altitude Ecosystems 2015, 665 -694.
AMA StyleM. Metrak, M. Sulwinski, Łukasz Chachulski, M. Wilk, Małgorzata Suska-Malawska. Creeping Environmental Problems in the Pamir Mountains: Landscape Conditions, Climate Change, Wise Use and Threats. Climate Change Impacts on High-Altitude Ecosystems. 2015; ():665-694.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM. Metrak; M. Sulwinski; Łukasz Chachulski; M. Wilk; Małgorzata Suska-Malawska. 2015. "Creeping Environmental Problems in the Pamir Mountains: Landscape Conditions, Climate Change, Wise Use and Threats." Climate Change Impacts on High-Altitude Ecosystems , no. : 665-694.
Heavy metal (As, Mn, Ni, Sn, Ti) concentrations were determined in soil and plant samples collected in different areas of the railway junction Iława Główna, Poland. Soil and plant samples were collected in four functional parts of the junction, i.e. the loading ramp, main track within the platform area, rolling stock cleaning bay and the railway siding. Four plant species occurring in relatively higher abundance were selected for heavy metals analysis, although in the loading ramp and platform areas only one species could be collected in the amount which makes chemical analysis possible. The selected species included three perennials (Daucus carota, Pastinaca sativa and Taraxacum officinale) and one annual plant (Sonchus oleraceus). The entire area of the railway junction showed elevated concentrations of heavy metals when compared to the control level. It was most pronounced for the platform area and railway siding. The concentration of arsenic, manganese and nickel in plants growing in these parts of the junction exceeded the toxic level. The highest contamination of soil and plants found in the platform area suggested advanced emission process of the analyzed metals from wheel and track abrasion. Literature review showed that the concentration of the investigated metals in soil was generally higher than that found in centers of cities and along traffic roads proving that the railway is an important linear source of soil contamination
Tomasz Staszewski; Małgorzata Malawska; Barbara Studnik-Wójcikowska; Halina Galera; Bogusław Wiłkomirski. Soil and plants contamination with selected heavy metals in the area of a railway junction / Zanieczyszczenie gleby i roślin wybranymi metalami ciężkimi na terenie węzła kolejowego. Archives of Environmental Protection 2015, 41, 35 -42.
AMA StyleTomasz Staszewski, Małgorzata Malawska, Barbara Studnik-Wójcikowska, Halina Galera, Bogusław Wiłkomirski. Soil and plants contamination with selected heavy metals in the area of a railway junction / Zanieczyszczenie gleby i roślin wybranymi metalami ciężkimi na terenie węzła kolejowego. Archives of Environmental Protection. 2015; 41 (1):35-42.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTomasz Staszewski; Małgorzata Malawska; Barbara Studnik-Wójcikowska; Halina Galera; Bogusław Wiłkomirski. 2015. "Soil and plants contamination with selected heavy metals in the area of a railway junction / Zanieczyszczenie gleby i roślin wybranymi metalami ciężkimi na terenie węzła kolejowego." Archives of Environmental Protection 41, no. 1: 35-42.
Małgorzata Suska-Malawska; Monika Mętrak. Reconstruction of a Raised Bog Development: Which Geochemical Parameters of Peat are the Most Convenient for Preliminary Analyses? Polish Journal of Environmental Studies 2015, 24, 1185 -1193.
AMA StyleMałgorzata Suska-Malawska, Monika Mętrak. Reconstruction of a Raised Bog Development: Which Geochemical Parameters of Peat are the Most Convenient for Preliminary Analyses? Polish Journal of Environmental Studies. 2015; 24 ():1185-1193.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMałgorzata Suska-Malawska; Monika Mętrak. 2015. "Reconstruction of a Raised Bog Development: Which Geochemical Parameters of Peat are the Most Convenient for Preliminary Analyses?" Polish Journal of Environmental Studies 24, no. : 1185-1193.