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The European Common Agricultural Policy promotes the sustainable use of soils through the principle of cross-compliance that links direct payments to good farming practices. Thus, it is necessary to find sustainable alternatives to the conventional management for forage production in the Atlantic Arc dairy farms. Two alternative managements (faba bean in monoculture—FB—and faba bean–Italian ryegrass intercrop—FBIR) were cultivated with organic fertilization during two consecutive years, and compared to the conventional management (Italian ryegrass in monoculture—IR—under chemical fertilization) as winter crops. Maize was used as the summer crop to complete the rotations using organic and chemical fertilization, respectively. The forage yield of winter fodder was quantified. Soil samples and summer harvests were performed to analyse the physico-chemical and biological parameters. The best forage yield corresponded to FBIR with 9.2 t dry matter (DM) ha−1 vs. 7.2 and 5.7 t DM ha−1 for FB and IR, respectively. The soil organic matter did not show significant differences among treatments, suggesting that it may be a poor indicator of the management influence on edaphic quality in the short term. Biological indicators were more sensitive and faster to differentiate among managements than chemical indicators. Earthworm abundance was higher in FB and FBIR than IR (p < 0.001), and consequently, soil infiltration was improved with the alternative management (13.90 vs. 2.08 and 0.90 min for IR, FB and FBIR, respectively, p < 0.01). As a result, the soil health diagnosis of the agroecosystem was better for alternative management.
Silvia Baizán; Fernando Vicente; Adela Martínez-Fernández. Management Influence on the Quality of an Agricultural Soil Destined for Forage Production and Evaluated by Physico-Chemical and Biological Indicators. Sustainability 2021, 13, 5159 .
AMA StyleSilvia Baizán, Fernando Vicente, Adela Martínez-Fernández. Management Influence on the Quality of an Agricultural Soil Destined for Forage Production and Evaluated by Physico-Chemical and Biological Indicators. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (9):5159.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSilvia Baizán; Fernando Vicente; Adela Martínez-Fernández. 2021. "Management Influence on the Quality of an Agricultural Soil Destined for Forage Production and Evaluated by Physico-Chemical and Biological Indicators." Sustainability 13, no. 9: 5159.
This study analyzes 174 tank milk samples taken from 89 commercial farms located all along the Cantabrian Coast (Green Spain). Sampling was performed in two periods: autumn 2016 and spring 2017. A survey was carried out for every day of sampling to record the average lactating dairy cow production and its diet composition. For each sample, the fatty acid (FA) profile (49 FA plus its main relationships) and nine fat-soluble antioxidant (FSA) profiles (retinol (vitamin A), α- and Υ-tocopherol (vitamin E), all-trans-β-carotene, 9-cis-β-carotene, 13-cis-β-carotene, lutein, zeaxanthin, and β-cryptoxanthin) were determined. The milk production varied between 7.3 and 45.9 liters per cow per day, highlighting the diversity found among production systems. The milk fat content ranged from 2.64% to 4.38% and the protein content from 2.87% to 3.56%. Regarding the fatty acids profile, the percentage of saturated fat varied between 59.95% and 75.99%. The linolenic acid content fluctuated between 0.21 and 1.31 and rumenic acid ranged from 0.20 to 2.47 (g 100 g−1 total FA). The most important correlations between diet and milk FA were always related to the content of fresh grass and total forage (which is defined by both fresh and conserved forage derived from fresh grass (GCF)) in the diet. The content of vaccenic acid, linolenic acid, total omega-3, rumenic acid, and total CLA isomers showed the highest correlation with the proportion of fresh grass in the diet. The antioxidant contents were also highly variable, although correlations with dietary components were lower. The highest correlations were between total forage content (fresh grass (FG) plus GCF) and lutein, all-trans-β-carotene, and 13-cis-β-carotene. Diets without fresh grass had lower omega-3 content, CLA, vaccenic acid, lutein, all-trans-β-carotene, and 13-cis-β-carotene.
Ana Villar; Ibán Vázquez-González; Fernando Vicente; Gregorio Salcedo; Laura González; Adrián Botana; Luís Royo; Paola Eguinoa; Juan Busqué. Study of the Variability in Fatty Acids and Carotenoid Profiles: Laying the Ground for Tank Milk Authentication. Sustainability 2021, 13, 4506 .
AMA StyleAna Villar, Ibán Vázquez-González, Fernando Vicente, Gregorio Salcedo, Laura González, Adrián Botana, Luís Royo, Paola Eguinoa, Juan Busqué. Study of the Variability in Fatty Acids and Carotenoid Profiles: Laying the Ground for Tank Milk Authentication. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (8):4506.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAna Villar; Ibán Vázquez-González; Fernando Vicente; Gregorio Salcedo; Laura González; Adrián Botana; Luís Royo; Paola Eguinoa; Juan Busqué. 2021. "Study of the Variability in Fatty Acids and Carotenoid Profiles: Laying the Ground for Tank Milk Authentication." Sustainability 13, no. 8: 4506.
Aim of study: To evaluate agronomic performance and changes on soil chemical properties in two types of managements: conventional or sustainable.Area of study: Principality of Asturias, Spain.Material and methods: On a sandy-clay-loam texture soil, three winter forage legumes (faba bean, red clover and white lupin), in monoculture or mixed with Italian ryegrass and with organic fertilization (sustainable management) versus Italian ryegrass in monoculture and inorganic fertilization (conventional management) were evaluated during three consecutive years. After the harvest in spring, the rotations were completed with maize crop with the purpose to evaluate the effect of the sustainable management on forage yield and soil chemical parameters.Main results: The results showed that faba bean and red clover in monoculture and mixed with Italian ryegrass had better edaphic quality than Italian ryegrass in monoculture, and white lupin in monoculture or mixed with Italian ryegrass. Faba bean in monoculture and mixed with Italian ryegrass, both with organic fertilization, could be competitive crops since both had yields comparable to Italian ryegrass in monoculture with inorganic fertilization.Research highlights: Current agricultural practice could be changed for a more sustainable management system, including organic fertilization and legume crops.
Silvia Baizán; Fernando Vicente; José A. Oliveira; Elías Afif-Khouri; Adela Martínez-Fernández. Effect of replacing conventional Italian ryegrass by organic nitrogen source systems on chemical soil properties. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research 2021, 18, e1105 .
AMA StyleSilvia Baizán, Fernando Vicente, José A. Oliveira, Elías Afif-Khouri, Adela Martínez-Fernández. Effect of replacing conventional Italian ryegrass by organic nitrogen source systems on chemical soil properties. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research. 2021; 18 (4):e1105.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSilvia Baizán; Fernando Vicente; José A. Oliveira; Elías Afif-Khouri; Adela Martínez-Fernández. 2021. "Effect of replacing conventional Italian ryegrass by organic nitrogen source systems on chemical soil properties." Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research 18, no. 4: e1105.
The optimization of milk production includes a rational use of forages, respect for the environment and offers the best quality to consumers. Milk production based on grass and forages produces healthier milk and it is widely spread throughout the Atlantic arc to maximize milk yield per hectare. However, the mode of offering the grass can have a major influence on milk composition. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of grass supply mode (grazing, zero-grazing or ensiling) on dairy cows’ performance, with particular reference to fatty acids and fat-soluble antioxidants concentration. A three by three Latin square experiment was performed with 18 dairy cows. Experimental treatments consisted of exclusive feeding with grass silage and zero-grazing, both offered ad libitum indoors, or grazing for 24 h. The results showed that grazing cows had a higher dry matter intake and greater milk yield than cows feeding on grass silage and zero-grazing, as well as higher concentrations of protein, lactose, nonfat-solids and urea in milk than housed cows. Milk fat from grazing cows had a higher proportion of unsaturated fatty acids than from cows feeding on grass silage and zero-grazing, with significant differences in the proportion of vaccenic and rumenic acids. The 18:1 trans-11 to 18:1 trans-10 ratio is proposed as biomarker to identify the milk produced from the management system of grazing cattle. Milk from grazing cows had a greater proportion of lutein than cows eating grass silage, with the zero-grazing system having intermediate values. In conclusion, the mode of grass supply affects fatty acid and antioxidant profiles of milk.
Senén De La Torre-Santos; Luis Royo; Adela Martínez-Fernández; Cristina Chocarro; Fernando Vicente. The Mode of Grass Supply to Dairy Cows Impacts on Fatty Acid and Antioxidant Profile of Milk. Foods 2020, 9, 1256 .
AMA StyleSenén De La Torre-Santos, Luis Royo, Adela Martínez-Fernández, Cristina Chocarro, Fernando Vicente. The Mode of Grass Supply to Dairy Cows Impacts on Fatty Acid and Antioxidant Profile of Milk. Foods. 2020; 9 (9):1256.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSenén De La Torre-Santos; Luis Royo; Adela Martínez-Fernández; Cristina Chocarro; Fernando Vicente. 2020. "The Mode of Grass Supply to Dairy Cows Impacts on Fatty Acid and Antioxidant Profile of Milk." Foods 9, no. 9: 1256.
Bovine paratuberculosis (PTB) is a chronic granulomatous enteritis, caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP), responsible for important economic losses in the dairy industry. Current diagnostic methods have low sensitivities for detection of latent forms of MAP infection, defined by focal granulomatous lesions and scarce humoral response or MAP presence. In contrast, patent infections correspond to multifocal and diffuse types of enteritis where there is increased antibody production, and substantial mycobacterial load. Our previous RNA-Seq analysis allowed the selection of five candidate biomarkers overexpressed in peripheral blood of MAP infected Holstein cows with focal (ABCA13 and MMP8) and diffuse (FAM84A, SPARC and DES) lesions vs. control animals with no detectable PTB-associated lesions in intestine and regional lymph nodes. The aim of the current study was to assess the PTB diagnostic potential of commercial ELISAs designed for the specific detection of these biomarkers. The ability of these ELISAs to identify animals with latent and/or patent forms of MAP infection was investigated using serum from naturally infected cattle (n = 88) and non-infected control animals (n = 67). ROC analysis revealed that the ABCA13-based ELISA showed the highest diagnostic accuracy for the detection of infected animals with focal lesions (AUC 0.837, sensitivity 79.25% and specificity 88.06%) and with any type of histological lesion (AUC 0.793, sensitivity 69.41% and specificity 86.57%) improving on the diagnostic performance of the popular IDEXX ELISA and other conventional diagnostic methods. SPARC and MMP8 showed the highest diagnostic accuracy for the detection of animals with multifocal (AUC 0.852) and diffuse lesions (AUC 0.831), respectively. In conclusion, our results suggest that quantification of ABCA13, SPARC and MMP8 by ELISA has the potential for implementation as a diagnostic tool to reliably identify MAP infection, greatly improving early detection of MAP latent infections when antibody responses and fecal shedding are undetectable using conventional diagnostic methods.
Cristina Blanco Vázquez; Marta Alonso-Hearn; Ramón A. Juste; María Canive; Tania Iglesias; Natalia Iglesias; Javier Amado; Fernando Vicente; Ana Balseiro; Rosa Casais. Detection of latent forms of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection using host biomarker-based ELISAs greatly improves paratuberculosis diagnostic sensitivity. PLOS ONE 2020, 15, e0236336 .
AMA StyleCristina Blanco Vázquez, Marta Alonso-Hearn, Ramón A. Juste, María Canive, Tania Iglesias, Natalia Iglesias, Javier Amado, Fernando Vicente, Ana Balseiro, Rosa Casais. Detection of latent forms of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection using host biomarker-based ELISAs greatly improves paratuberculosis diagnostic sensitivity. PLOS ONE. 2020; 15 (9):e0236336.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCristina Blanco Vázquez; Marta Alonso-Hearn; Ramón A. Juste; María Canive; Tania Iglesias; Natalia Iglesias; Javier Amado; Fernando Vicente; Ana Balseiro; Rosa Casais. 2020. "Detection of latent forms of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection using host biomarker-based ELISAs greatly improves paratuberculosis diagnostic sensitivity." PLOS ONE 15, no. 9: e0236336.
Three trials were conducted to study the effect of including in the ration of dairy cows the intercrop faba bean-rapeseed or Italian ryegrass silages on feed intake, milk quality and enteric methane emissions. Ten lactating Holstein cows, randomly allocated in two groups, were used in each trial in a crossover design. Dry matter intake and milk yield were recorded daily for each data period. Milk was sampled for analyses three times per period. Enteric methane emission was estimated applying a model that includes bodyweight, dry matter intake, nutritional values of feeds and milk composition. Concentrate and grass intake did not differ between treatments, while total mixed ration intake was higher with Italian ryegrass silage. Milk yield and protein concentration also increased with the Italian ryegrass treatment. The milk urea concentration was higher with the faba bean and rapeseed diet. Fatty acid profiles were affected by feeding strategy. Thereby, t11 18:1, c9 18:1 and total unsaturated fatty acid were higher when the intercrop silage was fed. As consequence, atherogenicity index and thrombogenicity index were lower under that treatment. Estimated enteric methane emissions did not differ between treatments. In conclusion, faba bean-rapeseed intercrop can be an alternative to Italian ryegrass to feed dairy cows. The rations formulated with the intercrop silage have potential to improve the milk fatty acid content, and show healthier profiles for consumers. However, it would be useful to study the protein content of these crops to avoid possible excess urea in milk and to maintain sustainable milk yield and milk protein content.
J. D. Jiménez-Calderón; A. Martínez-Fernández; Ana Soldado; A. González; F. Vicente. Faba bean-rapeseed silage as substitute for Italian ryegrass silage: effects on performance and milk quality of grazing dairy cows. Animal Production Science 2020, 60, 913 .
AMA StyleJ. D. Jiménez-Calderón, A. Martínez-Fernández, Ana Soldado, A. González, F. Vicente. Faba bean-rapeseed silage as substitute for Italian ryegrass silage: effects on performance and milk quality of grazing dairy cows. Animal Production Science. 2020; 60 (7):913.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJ. D. Jiménez-Calderón; A. Martínez-Fernández; Ana Soldado; A. González; F. Vicente. 2020. "Faba bean-rapeseed silage as substitute for Italian ryegrass silage: effects on performance and milk quality of grazing dairy cows." Animal Production Science 60, no. 7: 913.
Small-scale dairy systems (SSDS) in Mexico represent over 78% of dairy farms and 37% of milk production. In the central highlands, many SSDS base the feeding of herds on irrigated cultivated pastures (mostly cut-and-carry), straws, and large amounts of commercial concentrates that result in high feeding costs and low economic sustainability. Intensive grazing may result in lower feeding costs when compared with cut-and-carry strategies. The high protein content of pasture may meet requirements of dairy cows with moderate milk yield (16–20 kg milk/cow.day), so that lower protein supplements, like ground maize grain, may substitute for commercial concentrates. An on-farm experiment following a participatory rural research approach was undertaken with seven farmers evaluating commercial concentrate (CC) or ground maize grain (MG) as supplement; and two pasture managements, grazing (G) or cut-and-carry (C) of irrigated ryegrass/white clover pastures to assess productive performance and feeding costs. Six farmers participated with four milking cows each and one farmer with two groups of four milking cows in a 2 by 2 factorial experiment. Daily milk yield per cow before the experiment was used as covariate. The experiment lasted 12 weeks. There is a trend in G for higher protein content in milk (P < 0.10). CC showed higher body condition score than MG with a significant interaction for body condition score with the highest body condition score in CCC (P < 0.05). Feeding costs were 15% higher per kg of milk yield and 19% per kg of energy-corrected milk under cut-and-carry but no statistical differences were detected (P > 0.05) in comparison with the grazing strategy. Supplementing with home-grown ground maize grain resulted in 28.5% higher margins per kg of milk produced. Implementing grazing involves less work burden for small-scale dairy farmers, and combined with home-grown grains as supplement is a viable option that may reduce feeding costs in these systems.
José Velarde-Guillén; J. G. Estrada-Flores; A. A. Rayas-Amor; Fernando Vicente; A. Martínez-Fernández; D. Heredia-Nava; Maria Danaee Celis-Alvarez; I. K. Aguirre-Ugarte; E. Galindo-González; C. M. Arriaga-Jordán. Supplementation of dairy cows with commercial concentrate or ground maize grain under cut-and-carry or grazing of cultivated pastures in small-scale systems in the highlands of central Mexico. Animal Production Science 2019, 59, 368 .
AMA StyleJosé Velarde-Guillén, J. G. Estrada-Flores, A. A. Rayas-Amor, Fernando Vicente, A. Martínez-Fernández, D. Heredia-Nava, Maria Danaee Celis-Alvarez, I. K. Aguirre-Ugarte, E. Galindo-González, C. M. Arriaga-Jordán. Supplementation of dairy cows with commercial concentrate or ground maize grain under cut-and-carry or grazing of cultivated pastures in small-scale systems in the highlands of central Mexico. Animal Production Science. 2019; 59 (2):368.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJosé Velarde-Guillén; J. G. Estrada-Flores; A. A. Rayas-Amor; Fernando Vicente; A. Martínez-Fernández; D. Heredia-Nava; Maria Danaee Celis-Alvarez; I. K. Aguirre-Ugarte; E. Galindo-González; C. M. Arriaga-Jordán. 2019. "Supplementation of dairy cows with commercial concentrate or ground maize grain under cut-and-carry or grazing of cultivated pastures in small-scale systems in the highlands of central Mexico." Animal Production Science 59, no. 2: 368.
Silvia Baizán; Fernando Vicente; Naouel Barhoumi; Isabel Feito; Lucía Rodríguez; Adela Martínez-Fernández. Efecto de la inclusión de ensilado de haba forrajera en la dieta de vacuno lechero sobre la ingestión voluntaria y la producción y composición de la leche. Informacion Tecnica Economica Agraria 2018, 114, 1 .
AMA StyleSilvia Baizán, Fernando Vicente, Naouel Barhoumi, Isabel Feito, Lucía Rodríguez, Adela Martínez-Fernández. Efecto de la inclusión de ensilado de haba forrajera en la dieta de vacuno lechero sobre la ingestión voluntaria y la producción y composición de la leche. Informacion Tecnica Economica Agraria. 2018; 114 (4):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSilvia Baizán; Fernando Vicente; Naouel Barhoumi; Isabel Feito; Lucía Rodríguez; Adela Martínez-Fernández. 2018. "Efecto de la inclusión de ensilado de haba forrajera en la dieta de vacuno lechero sobre la ingestión voluntaria y la producción y composición de la leche." Informacion Tecnica Economica Agraria 114, no. 4: 1.
P. Llano Suárez; Ana Soldado; A. González-Arrojo; F. Vicente; Begoña de la Roza-Delgado. Rapid on-site monitoring of fatty acid profile in raw milk using a handheld near infrared sensor. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 2018, 70, 1 -8.
AMA StyleP. Llano Suárez, Ana Soldado, A. González-Arrojo, F. Vicente, Begoña de la Roza-Delgado. Rapid on-site monitoring of fatty acid profile in raw milk using a handheld near infrared sensor. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis. 2018; 70 ():1-8.
Chicago/Turabian StyleP. Llano Suárez; Ana Soldado; A. González-Arrojo; F. Vicente; Begoña de la Roza-Delgado. 2018. "Rapid on-site monitoring of fatty acid profile in raw milk using a handheld near infrared sensor." Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 70, no. : 1-8.
This study evaluated the effect of organic or chemical fertilization of maize on cow performance, economic outcomes, and greenhouse gas emission. Each type of maize silage according its different fertilization was used in two rations offered to two different groups of nine Friesian-Holstein cows throughout 4 months. The production cost of the maize silage was 8.8% lower for organic than for chemical fertilization. Both silages had similar nutritive value, except a higher concentration of starch in maize with organic fertilization, which allowed a reduction in the proportion of concentrate in the ration, saving 25.3 eurocents per cow in the daily ration, generating a positive balance of 21.8 eurocents per cow and day. The milk yield and composition were unaffected depending on the type of fertilization, whereas the estimation of CH4 and N2O emissions with chemical fertilization was higher than emissions with organic fertilization. As a result, it is possible to increase the sustainability and profitability of dairy production with reuse and recycling of manure.
José D. Jiménez-Calderón; Adela Martinez Fernandez; Fernando Prospero-Bernal; José Velarde-Guillén; Carlos M. Arriaga-Jordán; Fernando Vicente. Using manure as fertilizer for maize could improve sustainability of milk production. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research 2018, 16, e0601 .
AMA StyleJosé D. Jiménez-Calderón, Adela Martinez Fernandez, Fernando Prospero-Bernal, José Velarde-Guillén, Carlos M. Arriaga-Jordán, Fernando Vicente. Using manure as fertilizer for maize could improve sustainability of milk production. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research. 2018; 16 (1):e0601.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJosé D. Jiménez-Calderón; Adela Martinez Fernandez; Fernando Prospero-Bernal; José Velarde-Guillén; Carlos M. Arriaga-Jordán; Fernando Vicente. 2018. "Using manure as fertilizer for maize could improve sustainability of milk production." Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research 16, no. 1: e0601.
In Chile, high moisture corn (Zea mays L. [HMC]) has been included mainly in diets for grazing dairy cows on pastures with high crude protein, and is an alternative that improves nutrients supply and rumen synchrony between energy and protein provided by the diet. In addition, supplementation with HMC results in an increase of fatty acids (FA) in milk, desirable for human health. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of herbage allowance (HA) and type of supplement on milk FA composition in grazing dairy cows during spring. Thirty-two multiparous Holstein-Friesian dairy cows (533 ± 71 kg BW; 53 ± 4 d in milk [DIM[ and milk yield 23.8 ± 4.2 kg d-1) were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments resulting from the combination of two HA levels (low 20 vs. moderate 30 kg DM cow1 d-1) and two types of supplements HMC and cracked wheat [Triticum aestivum L., CW]) offered at 3.5 kg DM cow-1 d-1. Total FA intake was greater for moderate HA (547.8 g d-1) than low HA (527.2 g d-1) (P < 0.05); but did not affect milk yield, milk constituents and milk FA composition (P > 0.05). Supplementation with HMC increased milk production by 2.3 kg d-1 compared with CW. Cows supplemented with HMC showed a greater intake of total FA (564 g d-1) and had greater concentrations of long-chain monounsaturated FA in milk (27.13 g 100 g-1) compared to cows supplemented with CW (511.0 g d-1 total FA intake and 25.39 g 100 g-1 in milk, respectively) (P < 0.05). It is concluded that grazing dairy cows supplemented with HMC during spring produced milk with higher concentrations of desirable FA, independently of the HA level.
María De Los Ángeles Rojas-Garduño; Oscar Balocchi; Fernando Vicente; Rubén Pulido. Effect of supplementation with cracked wheat or high moisture corn on milk fatty acid composition of grazing dairy cows. Chilean journal of agricultural research 2018, 78, 96 -105.
AMA StyleMaría De Los Ángeles Rojas-Garduño, Oscar Balocchi, Fernando Vicente, Rubén Pulido. Effect of supplementation with cracked wheat or high moisture corn on milk fatty acid composition of grazing dairy cows. Chilean journal of agricultural research. 2018; 78 (1):96-105.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaría De Los Ángeles Rojas-Garduño; Oscar Balocchi; Fernando Vicente; Rubén Pulido. 2018. "Effect of supplementation with cracked wheat or high moisture corn on milk fatty acid composition of grazing dairy cows." Chilean journal of agricultural research 78, no. 1: 96-105.
Milk fatty acid (FA) profiles of lactating Holstein dairy cows were determined to evaluate the effects of parity (primiparous or multiparous) and the grazing time (0, 6 and 12 h), complementary to a total mixed ration, in a 2 × 3 factorial design. The interaction of parity with grazing time did not affect milk production and protein content; however, dry matter intake of herbage, total dry matter intake and milk fat content were affected by the interaction (P < 0.05). Both factors affected the milk concentration of monounsaturated FAs. The 18 : 3 cis9 cis12, 18 : 2 cis9 trans11, and 18 : 3 cis9 cis12 cis15 concentrations in milk were higher (P < 0.05) in primiparous cows. Milk 18 : 2 cis9 trans11 concentration in primiparous cows with 12 h grazing (1.17 g/100 g FA) was 44% and 57% higher than with 6 h and 0 h grazing (0.66 and 0.50 g/100 g FA, respectively). Similar pattern was observed for 18 : 3 cis9 cis12 cis15. The milk 18 : 1 trans11 concentration was higher (P < 0.05) with 6 h and 12 h grazing than without grazing. In conclusion, the parity would appear to mainly affect the proportion of short-chain FAs, and had an important influence on the proportions of 18 : 2 cis9 trans11, and 18 : 3 cis9 cis12 cis15. These FAs and also 18 : 1 trans11 were modified by grazing time.
E. Morales-Almaráz; B. De La Roza-Delgado; A. Soldado; A. Martínez-Fernández; A. González; I. A. Domínguez-Vara; Fernando Vicente. Parity and grazing-time effects on milk fatty acid profile in dairy cows. Animal Production Science 2018, 58, 1233 .
AMA StyleE. Morales-Almaráz, B. De La Roza-Delgado, A. Soldado, A. Martínez-Fernández, A. González, I. A. Domínguez-Vara, Fernando Vicente. Parity and grazing-time effects on milk fatty acid profile in dairy cows. Animal Production Science. 2018; 58 (7):1233.
Chicago/Turabian StyleE. Morales-Almaráz; B. De La Roza-Delgado; A. Soldado; A. Martínez-Fernández; A. González; I. A. Domínguez-Vara; Fernando Vicente. 2018. "Parity and grazing-time effects on milk fatty acid profile in dairy cows." Animal Production Science 58, no. 7: 1233.
Fernando Vicente. Estado reproductivo de las ganaderías de vacuno lechero en el Principado de Asturias. Informacion Tecnica Economica Agraria 2017, 113, 1 .
AMA StyleFernando Vicente. Estado reproductivo de las ganaderías de vacuno lechero en el Principado de Asturias. Informacion Tecnica Economica Agraria. 2017; 113 (4):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFernando Vicente. 2017. "Estado reproductivo de las ganaderías de vacuno lechero en el Principado de Asturias." Informacion Tecnica Economica Agraria 113, no. 4: 1.
Carme Santiago; Fernando Vicente; José Daniel Jiménez-Calderón; Adela Martínez-Fernández. Caracterización de los actuales modelos de alimentación para la producción de leche de vaca en Asturias y su influencia sobre la producción de la leche. Informacion Tecnica Economica Agraria 2017, 113, 1 .
AMA StyleCarme Santiago, Fernando Vicente, José Daniel Jiménez-Calderón, Adela Martínez-Fernández. Caracterización de los actuales modelos de alimentación para la producción de leche de vaca en Asturias y su influencia sobre la producción de la leche. Informacion Tecnica Economica Agraria. 2017; 113 (4):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarme Santiago; Fernando Vicente; José Daniel Jiménez-Calderón; Adela Martínez-Fernández. 2017. "Caracterización de los actuales modelos de alimentación para la producción de leche de vaca en Asturias y su influencia sobre la producción de la leche." Informacion Tecnica Economica Agraria 113, no. 4: 1.
In order to combine the ability of legumes to fix atmospheric nitrogen and the cruciferous capacities to mobilize soil nutrients and herbicide action, the aim of this work was to evaluate an alternative winter intercrop (faba bean-rapeseed) as a replacement of Italian ryegrass culture in a rotational system with maize as summer crop. For this purpose, two adjacent plots were used during three agronomic years (2011–2012, 2012–2013 and 2013–2014) to evaluate the agronomic performance through the forage production, nutritional composition of forage and silage, and the effects on soil fertility. The Italian ryegrass was cultivated under conventional management: using chemical fertilization and recommended dosages of herbicides. The faba bean-rapeseed intercrop was cultivated under an alternative management: organic fertilization and less herbicide supply. The intercrop provides higher forage yield per hectare than Italian ryegrass, with greater protein (kg ha−1) and similar energy (GJ ha−1) yields. The intercrop allows reducing the inputs of chemical fertilization and herbicides, and it has a positive effect on the balance of soil nutrients, especially increasing the potassium, calcium and magnesium contents. The results show that faba bean-rapeseed intercrop could be an alternative to the Italian ryegrass as winter crop.
José D. Jiménez-Calderón; Adela Martínez-Fernández; Mohammed Benaouda; Fernando Vicente. A winter intercrop of faba bean and rapeseed for silage as a substitute for Italian ryegrass in rotation with maize. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science 2017, 64, 983 -993.
AMA StyleJosé D. Jiménez-Calderón, Adela Martínez-Fernández, Mohammed Benaouda, Fernando Vicente. A winter intercrop of faba bean and rapeseed for silage as a substitute for Italian ryegrass in rotation with maize. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science. 2017; 64 (7):983-993.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJosé D. Jiménez-Calderón; Adela Martínez-Fernández; Mohammed Benaouda; Fernando Vicente. 2017. "A winter intercrop of faba bean and rapeseed for silage as a substitute for Italian ryegrass in rotation with maize." Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science 64, no. 7: 983-993.
This Research Paper addresses the hypothesis that is possible to identify the type of feed used for dairy cows by means of the analysis of milk composition and the fatty acid profile of milk fat. Sixteen dairy farms were monitored during 1 year with quarterly visits between summer 2014 and spring 2015. Rations varied throughout the year due to annual dynamic change of forage production, forage rotation, variation of nutrient requirements according to physiological state of the animal, etc. The ingredients of the rations were analysed by cluster identifying five feeding systems based on the main ingredient of the diet: grazing, maize silage, grass silage, dry forage and concentrate. Milk composition could explain up to 91·3% of the total variability among feeding systems, while fatty acid profile could explain only up to 61·2% of total variability. However, when the sum of types of fatty acids and their ratios are taken, up to 93·5% of total variability could be explained. The maize silage system had the greatest milk yield, protein, solid non-fat and urea proportions, as well as the highest proportion of saturated fatty acid and lowest concentration of trans11 18 : 1, cis9 18 : 1 and 18 : 3 n3. Principal component analysis distinguishes the maize silage system from other feeding systems, both from milk composition and milk fatty acid profile. Concentrate system overlapped partially with the grazing, grass silage and dry forage systems. The latter systems had the highest concentrations of cis9 18 : 1, trans11 18 : 1 and 18 : 3, but there was no clear differentiation among them.
Fernando Vicente; Carme Santiago; José D Jiménez-Calderón; Adela Martinez Fernandez. Capacity of milk composition to identify the feeding system used to feed dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Research 2017, 84, 254 -263.
AMA StyleFernando Vicente, Carme Santiago, José D Jiménez-Calderón, Adela Martinez Fernandez. Capacity of milk composition to identify the feeding system used to feed dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Research. 2017; 84 (3):254-263.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFernando Vicente; Carme Santiago; José D Jiménez-Calderón; Adela Martinez Fernandez. 2017. "Capacity of milk composition to identify the feeding system used to feed dairy cows." Journal of Dairy Research 84, no. 3: 254-263.
The effect of including 9 % of molasses in supplements offered to dual purpose cows, during dry season in subtropical Mexico was determined. Forage availability in pastures during the dry season is reduced and of low quality. Molasses is a readily available source of energy that may improve forage utilization and could have a positive effect on cow's milk production and calves daily weight gain (CDWG). Twelve multiparous Brown Swiss cows (409 ± 33 kg of body weight and 136 ± 73 days in milk), and their calves were randomly assigned to two supplements (six cows per treatment). Control supplement (COS) consisted of cracked maize ears (CME), soybean meal and urea (14 % CP), and experimental supplement in which 9 % of CME was replaced by molasses (MOS). Cows received 4.5 kg/cow/day dry matter (DM) of supplement. Experiment lasted 10 weeks divided in five experimental periods (EP). Animal responses (milk yield, milk composition, body weight, body condition score and CDWG) were recorded at the end of every EP. A linear mixed model was used to analyse the data as a complete random design. Net profits from milk and beef due to supplements were estimated using partial budget approach. Average milk yield was 7 (kg/cow/day) with 30.6, 30.4 and 42.5 (g/kg milk) of fat, protein and lactose, respectively. Average cow weight was 422 kg and CDWG was 0.8 kg/day. No significant responses on animal production variables were found when 9 % of MOS was included in the supplement; however, total net income increased on 4 %, due to higher CDWG.
Isela Salvador-Loreto; Carlos Manuel Arriaga-Jordán; Julieta Gertrudis Estrada-Flores; Fernando Vicente-Mainar; Anastacio García-Martínez; Benito Albarrán-Portillo. Molasses supplementation for dual-purpose cows during the dry season in subtropical Mexico. Tropical Animal Health and Production 2016, 48, 643 -648.
AMA StyleIsela Salvador-Loreto, Carlos Manuel Arriaga-Jordán, Julieta Gertrudis Estrada-Flores, Fernando Vicente-Mainar, Anastacio García-Martínez, Benito Albarrán-Portillo. Molasses supplementation for dual-purpose cows during the dry season in subtropical Mexico. Tropical Animal Health and Production. 2016; 48 (3):643-648.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIsela Salvador-Loreto; Carlos Manuel Arriaga-Jordán; Julieta Gertrudis Estrada-Flores; Fernando Vicente-Mainar; Anastacio García-Martínez; Benito Albarrán-Portillo. 2016. "Molasses supplementation for dual-purpose cows during the dry season in subtropical Mexico." Tropical Animal Health and Production 48, no. 3: 643-648.
Fatty acids (FAs) play many essential roles in biological systems, and they are the aim of different research studies due to their benefits on human health. Milk and dairy products contribute significantly to the consumption of FAs in the human diet. In consequence, manipulation of FA composition of cows’ milk via nutritional strategies has been an important target for the dairy industry and a challenge from an analytical point of view. Milk FA composition is complex, and their analysis involves multiple steps (extraction procedure, methylation, FA methyl ester extraction and gas chromatography (GC) determination) that turn it into a tedious and time-consuming procedure. In recent years, some efforts have been made to develop an analytical approach with simultaneous extraction and derivatization of FAs. In this sense, microwave (MW)-assisted digestion and extraction methods have been used for many years and today can be considered standard operating procedures in many laboratories. It is a powerful tool for different analytical methodology development. This study is focused on one-step extraction/transmethylation MW-assisted methodology feasibility for FA analysis in milk compared to a reference method.
Amelia González-Arrojo; Ana Soldado; Fernando Vicente; Begoña De La Roza-Delgado. Microwave-Assisted Methodology Feasibility for One-Step Extraction and Transmethylation of Fatty Acids in Milk for GC-Mass Spectrometry. Food Analytical Methods 2015, 8, 2250 -2260.
AMA StyleAmelia González-Arrojo, Ana Soldado, Fernando Vicente, Begoña De La Roza-Delgado. Microwave-Assisted Methodology Feasibility for One-Step Extraction and Transmethylation of Fatty Acids in Milk for GC-Mass Spectrometry. Food Analytical Methods. 2015; 8 (9):2250-2260.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAmelia González-Arrojo; Ana Soldado; Fernando Vicente; Begoña De La Roza-Delgado. 2015. "Microwave-Assisted Methodology Feasibility for One-Step Extraction and Transmethylation of Fatty Acids in Milk for GC-Mass Spectrometry." Food Analytical Methods 8, no. 9: 2250-2260.
A total of 220 faecal pig and poultry samples, collected from different experimental trials were employed with the aim to demonstrate the suitability of Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (NIRS) technology for estimation of gross calorific value on faeces as output products in energy balances studies. NIR spectra from dried and grounded faeces samples were analyzed using a Foss NIRSystem 6500 instrument, scanning over the wavelength range 400-2500 nm. Validation studies for quantitative analytical models were carried out to estimate the relevance of method performance associated to reference values to obtain an appropriate, accuracy and precision. The results for prediction of gross calorific value (GCV) of NIRS calibrations obtained for individual species showed high correlation coefficients comparing chemical analysis and NIRS predictions, ranged from 0.92 to 0.97 for poultry and pig. For external validation, the ratio between the standard error of cross validation (SECV) and the standard error of prediction (SEP) varied between 0.73 and 0.86 for poultry and pig respectively, indicating a sufficiently precision of calibrations. In addition a global model to estimate GCV in both species was developed and externally validated. It showed correlation coefficients of 0.99 for calibration, 0.98 for cross-validation and 0.97 for external validation. Finally, relative uncertainty was calculated for NIRS developed prediction models with the final value when applying individual NIRS species model of 1.3% and 1.5% for NIRS global prediction. This study suggests that NIRS is a suitable and accurate method for the determination of GCV in faeces, decreasing cost, timeless and for convenient handling of unpleasant samples.
Begoña de la Roza-Delgado; Sagrario Modroño; Fernando Vicente; Adela Martinez Fernandez; Ana Soldado. Suitability of faecal near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) predictions for estimating gross calorific value. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research 2015, 13, e0203 .
AMA StyleBegoña de la Roza-Delgado, Sagrario Modroño, Fernando Vicente, Adela Martinez Fernandez, Ana Soldado. Suitability of faecal near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) predictions for estimating gross calorific value. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research. 2015; 13 (1):e0203.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBegoña de la Roza-Delgado; Sagrario Modroño; Fernando Vicente; Adela Martinez Fernandez; Ana Soldado. 2015. "Suitability of faecal near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) predictions for estimating gross calorific value." Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research 13, no. 1: e0203.
This study examines the relationship between subclinical ketosis (SCK) in dairy cows and the butyric acid content of the silage used in their feeding. Twenty commercial farms were monitored over a period of 12 months. The feed at each farm and the silages used in its ration were sampled monthly for proximal analysis and for volatile fatty acid analysis. A total of 2857 urine samples were taken from 1112 cows to examine the ketonuria from about 30 days prepartum to 100 postpartum. Wide variation was recorded in the quality of silages used in the preparation of diets. Approximately 80% of the urine samples analyzed had no detectable ketone bodies, 16% returned values indicative of slight SCK, and the remainder, 4%, showed symptoms of ketosis. Most of the cases of hyperkenuria were associated with the butyric acid content of the silage used (r 2 = 0.56; P < 0.05). As the metabolizable energy content of the feed was similar, no relationship was observed between the proportion of cows with SCK and the energy content of the feed. In our study, the probability of dairy cows suffering SCK is higher when they are eating feed made from silage with a high butyric acid content (35.2 g/kg DM intake).
Fernando Vicente; María Luisa Rodríguez; Adela Martínez-Fernández; Ana Soldado; Alejandro Argamenteria; Mario Pelaez; Begoña De La Roza-Delgado. Subclinical Ketosis on Dairy Cows in Transition Period in Farms with Contrasting Butyric Acid Contents in Silages. The Scientific World Journal 2014, 2014, 1 -4.
AMA StyleFernando Vicente, María Luisa Rodríguez, Adela Martínez-Fernández, Ana Soldado, Alejandro Argamenteria, Mario Pelaez, Begoña De La Roza-Delgado. Subclinical Ketosis on Dairy Cows in Transition Period in Farms with Contrasting Butyric Acid Contents in Silages. The Scientific World Journal. 2014; 2014 (2):1-4.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFernando Vicente; María Luisa Rodríguez; Adela Martínez-Fernández; Ana Soldado; Alejandro Argamenteria; Mario Pelaez; Begoña De La Roza-Delgado. 2014. "Subclinical Ketosis on Dairy Cows in Transition Period in Farms with Contrasting Butyric Acid Contents in Silages." The Scientific World Journal 2014, no. 2: 1-4.