Unprecedented Friedel–Crafts arylation of chlorofullerenes C₆₀Cl₆ and C₇₀Cl₈ with unprotected carboxylic acids has been utilized for efficient single-step synthesis of the inherently stable water-soluble fullerene derivatives.

Four novel halobismuthate( iii ) complexes with alkyl viologen cations: (R ₂ Viol) ₂ [Bi ₂ X ₁₀ ] (R = n -butyl, n -pentyl, X = Cl, Br) have been synthesized.

Background: Functionalized fullerenes (FF) can be considered regulators of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis; their direct oxidative damage—as well as regulation of oxidant enzymes and signaling pathways—should be considered. Methods: Uptake of two water-soluble functionalized C₇₀ fullerenes with different types of aromatic addends (ethylphenylmalonate and thienylacetate) in human fetal lung fibroblasts, intracellular ROS visualization, superoxide scavenging potential, NOX4 expression, NRF2 expression, oxidative DNA damage, repair genes, cell proliferation and cell cycle were studied. Results & conclusion: The intracellular effects of ethylphenylmalonate C₇₀ derivative (FF1) can be explained in terms of upregulated NOX4 activity. The intracellular effects of thienylacetate C₇₀ derivative (FF2) can be probably resulted from its superoxide scavenging potential and inhibition of lipid peroxidation. FF1 can be considered a NOX4 upregulator and potential cytotoxicant and FF2, as a superoxide scavenger and a potential cytoprotector.

Here we report a straightforward method for the synthesis of a water-soluble C₆₀ fullerene derivative decorated with five residues of phosphonic acid. Self-assembly of the synthesized compound in aqueous solution leads to the formation of nanostructures with unprecedented myogenic and antiviral activity.