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Dr. Andreas Keler
Technical University of Munich

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0 GIS analysis
0 Traffic Engineering
0 intelligent transportation systems
0 GIScience
0 Geospatial Data analysis

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Traffic Engineering

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Profile ImageJonas Schmid-Querg Chair of Traffic Engineering...
Profile ImageHeather Kaths Chair of Traffic Engineering...
Profile ImageKlaus Bogenberger Chair of Traffic Engineering...
Profile ImageMartin Margreiter Traffic Engineering and Cont...
Profile ImageMatthias Spangler Technical University of Muni...
Profile ImageFritz Busch Chair of Traffic Engineering...
Profile ImageSeyed Abdollah Hosseini Traffic control expert
Profile ImageLukas A. Bug Applied Geoinformatics, Univ...
Profile ImageFritz Busch Chair of Traffic Engineering...
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Journal article
Published: 24 July 2021 in Sustainability
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Detailed specifications of urban traffic from different perspectives and scales are crucial for understanding and predicting traffic situations from the view of an autonomous vehicle (AV). We suggest a data-driven specification scheme for maneuvers at different design elements of the built infrastructure and focus on urban roundabouts in Germany. Based on real observations, we define classes of maneuvers, interactions and driving strategies for cyclists, pedestrians and motorized vehicles and define a matrix for merging different maneuvers, resulting in more complex interactions. The sequences of these interactions, which partially consist of explicit communications, are extracted from real observations and adapted into microscopic traffic flow simulations. The simulated maneuver sequences are then visualized in 3D environments and experienced by bicycle simulator test subjects. Using trajectory segments (in fictional space) from two conducted simulator studies, we relate the recorded movement patterns of test subjects with observed cyclists in reality.

ACS Style

Andreas Keler; Patrick Malcolm; Georgios Grigoropoulos; Seyed Hosseini; Heather Kaths; Fritz Busch; Klaus Bogenberger. Data-Driven Scenario Specification for AV–VRU Interactions at Urban Roundabouts. Sustainability 2021, 13, 8281 .

AMA Style

Andreas Keler, Patrick Malcolm, Georgios Grigoropoulos, Seyed Hosseini, Heather Kaths, Fritz Busch, Klaus Bogenberger. Data-Driven Scenario Specification for AV–VRU Interactions at Urban Roundabouts. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (15):8281.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andreas Keler; Patrick Malcolm; Georgios Grigoropoulos; Seyed Hosseini; Heather Kaths; Fritz Busch; Klaus Bogenberger. 2021. "Data-Driven Scenario Specification for AV–VRU Interactions at Urban Roundabouts." Sustainability 13, no. 15: 8281.

Journal article
Published: 22 March 2021 in Sustainability
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Car-following models are used in microscopic simulation tools to calculate the longitudinal acceleration of a vehicle based on the speed and position of a leading vehicle in the same lane. Bicycle traffic is usually included in microscopic traffic simulations by adjusting and calibrating behavior models developed for motor vehicle traffic. However, very little work has been carried out to examine the following behavior of bicyclists, calibrate following models to fit this observed behavior, and determine the validity of these calibrated models. In this paper, microscopic trajectory data collected in a bicycle simulator study are used to estimate the following parameters of the psycho-physical Wiedemann 99 car-following model implemented in PTV Vissim. The Wiedemann 99 model is selected due to the larger number of assessable parameters and the greater possibility to calibrate the model to fit observed behavior. The calibrated model is validated using the indicator average queue dissipation time at a traffic light on the facilities ranging in width between 1.5 m to 2.5 m. Results show that the parameter set derived from the microscopic trajectory data creates more realistic simulated bicycle traffic than a suggested parameter set. However, it was not possible to achieve the large variation in average queue dissipation times that was observed in the field with either of the tested parameter sets.

ACS Style

Heather Kaths; Andreas Keler; Klaus Bogenberger. Calibrating the Wiedemann 99 Car-Following Model for Bicycle Traffic. Sustainability 2021, 13, 3487 .

AMA Style

Heather Kaths, Andreas Keler, Klaus Bogenberger. Calibrating the Wiedemann 99 Car-Following Model for Bicycle Traffic. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (6):3487.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Heather Kaths; Andreas Keler; Klaus Bogenberger. 2021. "Calibrating the Wiedemann 99 Car-Following Model for Bicycle Traffic." Sustainability 13, no. 6: 3487.

Journal article
Published: 20 January 2021 in Sustainability
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The ongoing increase of bicycle traffic in urban areas forces transport authorities to reconsider the space allocation for different transport modes. Transport policies favor the introduction of high-quality bicycle infrastructure along urban corridors to improve the traffic quality and safety for bicyclists but more importantly to increase the attractiveness of bicycling and over vehicular modes. Especially in urban areas with an already established high and steadily increasing share of bicyclists, the introduction of bicycle highways is considered to further alleviate saturated interurban public transport and motor vehicle connections and increase the average traveled distance by non-motorized modes. Due to the expensive implementation costs and the space restrictions in already built-up urban environments, there should be an extensive planning phase for defining the expected changes in traffic efficiency and safety. However, the effects of urban bicycle highways on traffic performance metrics of bicyclists as well as other road users are not thoroughly studied. This paper aims to quantify and assess the potential effects of urban bicycle highway on road users. The study considers a possible inner-city pilot route in the city of Munich, where the present bicycle infrastructure is planned to be upgraded to a bicycle highway. A simulation model is designed using traffic data from field observations and future estimates for the traffic composition. Through microscopic traffic simulation, the potential effects of the introduced infrastructure on road users are determined for different study scenarios. Results show that traffic quality thresholds for bicycle highways, as defined in official guidelines, can only be fulfilled through the implementation of special bicycle traffic control measures such as bicycle coordination or bicycle passage time extension. Finally, unidirectional bicycle highways together with bicycle passage time extension provided the best overall traffic performance for bicycle traffic and motor vehicle traffic.

ACS Style

Georgios Grigoropoulos; Seyed Hosseini; Andreas Keler; Heather Kaths; Matthias Spangler; Fritz Busch; Klaus Bogenberger. Traffic Simulation Analysis of Bicycle Highways in Urban Areas. Sustainability 2021, 13, 1016 .

AMA Style

Georgios Grigoropoulos, Seyed Hosseini, Andreas Keler, Heather Kaths, Matthias Spangler, Fritz Busch, Klaus Bogenberger. Traffic Simulation Analysis of Bicycle Highways in Urban Areas. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (3):1016.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Georgios Grigoropoulos; Seyed Hosseini; Andreas Keler; Heather Kaths; Matthias Spangler; Fritz Busch; Klaus Bogenberger. 2021. "Traffic Simulation Analysis of Bicycle Highways in Urban Areas." Sustainability 13, no. 3: 1016.

Journal article
Published: 05 January 2021 in Sustainability
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This research addresses the phenomenon of varying bicycle friendliness in urban areas and considers which elements are necessary to design a city in a bike-friendly manner. It aims to provide a deeper understanding of the term bikeability, in relation to the established term walkability, and methods to create models that measure the degree of bikeability in urban areas. We explain different established models and compare their computational bases. The focus of this paper is to define a computational methodology built within a Geographic Information System (GIS) and a subsequent evaluation based on an investigation area in Munich, Germany. We introduce a bikeability index for specific investigation areas and geovisualize four selected factors of this index. The resulting map views show the road segments of the traffic network where the conditions for biking are adequate, but also those segments which need to be improved.

ACS Style

Jonas Schmid-Querg; Andreas Keler; Georgios Grigoropoulos. The Munich Bikeability Index: A Practical Approach for Measuring Urban Bikeability. Sustainability 2021, 13, 428 .

AMA Style

Jonas Schmid-Querg, Andreas Keler, Georgios Grigoropoulos. The Munich Bikeability Index: A Practical Approach for Measuring Urban Bikeability. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (1):428.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jonas Schmid-Querg; Andreas Keler; Georgios Grigoropoulos. 2021. "The Munich Bikeability Index: A Practical Approach for Measuring Urban Bikeability." Sustainability 13, no. 1: 428.

Conference paper
Published: 19 October 2020 in 2020 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV)
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This work explains the possible inferable information from a long-term video acquisition with cameras installed in close proximity to pedestrian movements with an unobstructed view of the entire intersection. The main goal is detecting implicit and explicit gestures and understanding communication and interactions between different types of road users. After explaining the designs of different gesture classification approaches, we relate the qualitative approach with our classification scheme for the extracted skeletons. To this end, a sequence with selected moving entities is selected and compared with the manually annotated video sequence. Results show the limitations of the automated approach and indicate a level of subjectivity in the manual annotation procedure. Subsequently, we discuss possibilities and restrictions of our approach and reflect on the importance of the specific conditions of video acquisitions. Depending on the field of view and distance between installed video cameras and moving vulnerable road users (VRUs), we are able to define the restrictions of our approach. As a result, we are able to define a selection of suitable applications for our approach.

ACS Style

Andreas Keler; Patrick Malcolm; Georgios Grigoropoulos; Niklas Grabbe. Extraction and analysis of massive skeletal information from video data of crowded urban locations for understanding implicit gestures of road users. 2020 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV) 2020, 101 -106.

AMA Style

Andreas Keler, Patrick Malcolm, Georgios Grigoropoulos, Niklas Grabbe. Extraction and analysis of massive skeletal information from video data of crowded urban locations for understanding implicit gestures of road users. 2020 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV). 2020; ():101-106.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andreas Keler; Patrick Malcolm; Georgios Grigoropoulos; Niklas Grabbe. 2020. "Extraction and analysis of massive skeletal information from video data of crowded urban locations for understanding implicit gestures of road users." 2020 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV) , no. : 101-106.

Journal article
Published: 28 November 2019 in Transportation Research Procedia
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ACS Style

Andreas Keler; Heather Twaddle; Georgios Grigoropoulos; Silja Hoffmann; Fritz Busch. Assessing the influence of visibility components in interactions between bicyclist and car drivers. Transportation Research Procedia 2019, 41, 590 -592.

AMA Style

Andreas Keler, Heather Twaddle, Georgios Grigoropoulos, Silja Hoffmann, Fritz Busch. Assessing the influence of visibility components in interactions between bicyclist and car drivers. Transportation Research Procedia. 2019; 41 ():590-592.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andreas Keler; Heather Twaddle; Georgios Grigoropoulos; Silja Hoffmann; Fritz Busch. 2019. "Assessing the influence of visibility components in interactions between bicyclist and car drivers." Transportation Research Procedia 41, no. : 590-592.

Conference paper
Published: 13 August 2019
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Operational behavior models are used in traffic simulations to represent the subconscious, short-termdecisions made by road users to respond to other road users, the infrastructure and traffic control measures. Calibration and validation of these models can be achieved using observed trajectory data from real road users. For lane bound traffic, it is assumed that road users intend to follow a given lane with a certain desired speed across the intersection. Any deviation from this planned path is in response to other road users or the environment. It is difficult, however, to identify and separate the desired movement of more flexible road users that do not follow lane disciple, such as bicyclists, from movements made as a reaction to other road users or obstacles. This can lead to poor calibration of operational behavior models and unrealistic behavior in the simulation. Tactical behavior models recreate the conscious decisions made on a time horizon of seconds to minutes to cope with the immediate traffic situation. As such, tactical behavior models are responsible for selecting the planned path across an intersection.Here, SUMO is coupled with the simulation software DYNA4 to create a simulated road environment for a bicycle simulator. Trajectories observed in reality are displayed as potential prescribed pathways across the simulated intersection. Participants in the simulator study are instructed to select and follow one of the prescribed pathways as closely as possible while responding naturally to other road users and obstacles in the environment. The resulting trajectory data is used to calibrate existing operation al and tactical path finding behavior models for bicyclists at signalized intersection.

ACS Style

Heather Kaths; Andreas Keler; Jakob Kaths; Fritz Busch. Analyzing the behavior of bicyclists using a bicycle simulator with a coupled SUMO and DYNA4 simulated environment. 2019, 1 .

AMA Style

Heather Kaths, Andreas Keler, Jakob Kaths, Fritz Busch. Analyzing the behavior of bicyclists using a bicycle simulator with a coupled SUMO and DYNA4 simulated environment. . 2019; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Heather Kaths; Andreas Keler; Jakob Kaths; Fritz Busch. 2019. "Analyzing the behavior of bicyclists using a bicycle simulator with a coupled SUMO and DYNA4 simulated environment." , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 15 July 2019 in Abstracts of the ICA
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Learning to drive a car is not easy. Therefore, in many countries, driving schools offer an education of how to drive a car. This is taught on a theoretical and practical level. Once a driving student has learned how to handle a car in real traffic, he / she will take a driving test exam. In Germany, for example, an authorized driving examiner telling the students to follow their instructions conducts the practical exam. Thereby the driving examiner guides the student to different situation (for example taking a highway, crossing a complicated intersection, backward parking etc.). The examiner selects the route according to the criteria set out in the test guidelines and incorporates the road and traffic conditions in his choice. The driver test guidelines include basic driving tasks (parking, danger braking, etc.), a route within closed villages, a route outside built-up areas and / or motorway sections and afterwards a feedback on student performance. The test is set for a period of 45 minutes (for driving class B). Currently mobile devices, which are able to record a number of parameters (location, speed etc.) are rarely used in these driving examinations. Additionally, the route the driving instructor follows can be somewhat arbitrary. Utilizing routing systems in these driving examinations may assist the driving examiner and may help to make the examination more transparent. How can utilize routing algorithms to support driving examinations? In general routing algorithms offer a number of different parameters that may provide users with different type of routes, including the shortest, fastest, safest, most beautiful, least fuel/energy consumption (Ranacher et al. 2016), male/female (Häusler et al. 2010), easiest (Duckham and Kulik 2003) or most difficult (to drive) route (Krisp, Keler, and Karrais 2014). As Krisp & Keler (2015) suggest, that may also include the ‘most difficult to drive route’, which might be useful for driver training purposes. Previous research (Krisp and Keler 2015) has investigated what is an “easy to drive” route? and "what are the traffic situations that could be avoided for inexperienced drivers and/or driving beginners?”. A number of commercial vendors offer products that include pre-programmed routes to help driving students to "learn" particular situations. We investigate selected parameters relevant for a driving test, in particular complicated crossings. This requires examinations on specific situations and the complexity of the road infrastructure. In a wider context, we aim to provide suggestions for a routing system that will help driving instructors and driving examiners, use standardized routes and thereby make driving examinations more transparent. Initial research in this context has been conducted an online questionnaire at the University of Augsburg. This questionnaire includes about seventy-five participants, which are mainly students. About 89% do have a driving license longer those two years. About 25% do not use a car on a regular base. Within this online questionnaire, sixteen driving situations are described. The participants rate each driving situation by agreeing or disagreeing to statements on these situations. For example, to the statement “I have problems with complicated crossings”, about 43% of participants “strongly agreed” or “agreed”. The questionnaire shows that the basis for what is in easy or difficult to drive route seems to vary, based on the individual driver. A starting point to investigate, within the large number of driving situations, are “complicated crossings” (Krisp and Keler 2015) and to consider interactions to vulnerable road users. Figures 1 illustrates the challenge of defining complicated crossings based on static measures and dynamic measures. Static measures include the number of nodes that can be extracted from a road database, based on Krisp & Keler (Krisp and Keler 2015). Dynamic measures, like the traffic density or interaction points (between the traffic participants) at urban crossings are acquired via analysis of extracted video trajectories from cameras. The complexity of an intersection is also dependent on the phases of the traffic signal system or the traffic signs. Initial data includes the most common types of intersections in Germany, in the context of the most frequently appearing accidents (as from previous analyses based on the GIDAS accident database focusing on the type of involved traffic participants, for example car-car, car-bicycle, car-pedestrian). These are divided into different node accident groups. Utilizing these parameters within the concept of “complicated crossings” gives a better idea of which situations might be “more difficult” or “less difficult” in the context of driving tests. Expanding this model to other static parameters, like “left turns” (Winter 2002) or dynamic parameters, like “bicycles on the road” provides the option of computing “demanding” or “easy to drive” routes. Theoretically, we have a finite number of routes from A to B assuming a static network. Still, in this context, each route does have its own “difficulty index”. This index changes depending on defined static and dynamic parameters also for every road segment (based for example on traffic, weather etc.), crossing and the personal preferences by a potential driving test candidate. As for further research, a difficulty is how to measure the personal “difficulty” / “easiness” to drive a route? That opens the question, is it possible to build “standardized” routes for driving test as they are “difficult” or “easy” based on the individual?

ACS Style

Jukka M. Krisp; Andreas Keler. Classifying complex road features in the context of car driver education. Abstracts of the ICA 2019, 1, 1 -2.

AMA Style

Jukka M. Krisp, Andreas Keler. Classifying complex road features in the context of car driver education. Abstracts of the ICA. 2019; 1 ():1-2.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jukka M. Krisp; Andreas Keler. 2019. "Classifying complex road features in the context of car driver education." Abstracts of the ICA 1, no. : 1-2.

Conference paper
Published: 10 July 2019 in Proceedings of the ICA
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Urban environments are more or less characterized by active travel modes, including the bicycle usage. Present transport infrastructure for bicyclists can often not serve the high traffic volumes, especially in rush hours. Therefore, introducing novel and specific traffic control strategies for bicyclists might serve as supportive element for improving bicycle traffic efficiency and safety. We evaluate a traffic control strategy implying countdown timer displays for bicyclists with one device being permanently installed in Munich (Germany) by (1) extracting cyclist trajectories from video observations before and after the installations, and, (2) introducing a bicycle simulator scenario via a map design approach. The latter includes a sequence of fictional and real road intersections and goes beyond evaluating the present countdown timers in VR, since different other countdown timer display designs are being tested. The whole bicycle simulator study consists of test rides and subsequent questionnaires with test subjects. We explain the design of the first simulator study and show selected results, which imply significant new insights resulting from the first 30 test rides and questionnaires.

ACS Style

Andreas Keler; Georgios Grigoropoulos; Heather Kaths; Klaus Krämer; Jakob Kaths; Matthias Spangler; Fritz Busch. Designing maps with fictional and real road intersections for the evaluation of countdown timer displays for bicyclists. Proceedings of the ICA 2019, 2, 1 -5.

AMA Style

Andreas Keler, Georgios Grigoropoulos, Heather Kaths, Klaus Krämer, Jakob Kaths, Matthias Spangler, Fritz Busch. Designing maps with fictional and real road intersections for the evaluation of countdown timer displays for bicyclists. Proceedings of the ICA. 2019; 2 ():1-5.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andreas Keler; Georgios Grigoropoulos; Heather Kaths; Klaus Krämer; Jakob Kaths; Matthias Spangler; Fritz Busch. 2019. "Designing maps with fictional and real road intersections for the evaluation of countdown timer displays for bicyclists." Proceedings of the ICA 2, no. : 1-5.

Conference paper
Published: 10 July 2019 in Proceedings of the ICA
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Bicycle traffic in urban environments has various complex aspects in relation to the used space and the assigned transport infrastructures, especially in urban environments. Depending on the traffic situations, the built static urban infrastructure design, and, the other traffic participants involved, there are more or less challenging possibilities of its representation. Modelling and simulating urban bicycle traffic should include the interactions to other traffic participants, and, of course, behavioral aspects within each ride. Therefore, we introduce a method for enriching road features from OSM with traffic-related behavioural information. We focus on road intersections, since those are the locations with the highest number of interactions, communications, and, accidents. Our aim is to extend microscopic traffic flow simulations for achieving higher accuracies in simulation results and for applying bicycle movement models that are more adapted to reality. As an example we present a behavioral catalogue for cyclists, focussing on urban roundabouts, which results from real video observations and subsequent classifications.We classify into typical, frequently occurring and unusual bicycle maneuvers, and, include those into a specification procedure when enriching various OSM features.

ACS Style

Andreas Keler; Georgios Grigoropoulos; Dominik Mussack. Enriching complex road intersections from OSM with traffic-related behavioral information. Proceedings of the ICA 2019, 2, 1 -3.

AMA Style

Andreas Keler, Georgios Grigoropoulos, Dominik Mussack. Enriching complex road intersections from OSM with traffic-related behavioral information. Proceedings of the ICA. 2019; 2 ():1-3.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andreas Keler; Georgios Grigoropoulos; Dominik Mussack. 2019. "Enriching complex road intersections from OSM with traffic-related behavioral information." Proceedings of the ICA 2, no. : 1-3.

Journal article
Published: 03 July 2019 in Advances in Cartography and GIScience of the ICA
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Network-based visualisation provides a detailed and accurate way of estimating accessibilities in cities. In this paper, the city of Augsburg serves as an example for modelling changes in network-based accessibility inside the inner city. For improving the urban public transport network, the central transportation hub “Königsplatz” recently underwent a major reconstruction. Therefore, a central detour of tram services was established. The change of accessibility is investigated using OpenStreetMap as database. The analysis was performed by a comparison of the spatiotemporal accessibility with bus and tram, in the period during and after the reconstruction. Geovisualisation of this accessibility analysis is accomplished via colour-coded accessibility maps and 3D-areal maps. A major change of accessibility can be detected between the reconstruction and post-reconstruction phase. Furthermore, this accessibility analysis reveals a far worse accessibility of public transportation in the eastern part compared to the western part of the city centre in Augsburg.

ACS Style

Andreas Keler; Lukas A. Bug; Jukka M. Krisp. Network-based Visualisation of Accessibility for a Public Transport System. Advances in Cartography and GIScience of the ICA 2019, 1, 1 -8.

AMA Style

Andreas Keler, Lukas A. Bug, Jukka M. Krisp. Network-based Visualisation of Accessibility for a Public Transport System. Advances in Cartography and GIScience of the ICA. 2019; 1 ():1-8.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andreas Keler; Lukas A. Bug; Jukka M. Krisp. 2019. "Network-based Visualisation of Accessibility for a Public Transport System." Advances in Cartography and GIScience of the ICA 1, no. : 1-8.

Articles
Published: 10 June 2019 in Geo-spatial Information Science
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Taxi trajectories from urban environments allow inferring various information about the transport service qualities and commuter dynamics. It is possible to associate starting and end points of taxi trips with requirements of individual groups of people and even social inequalities. Previous research shows that due to service restrictions, boro taxis have typical customer destination locations on selected Saturdays: many drop-off clusters appear near the restricted zone, where it is not allowed to pick up customers and only few drop-off clusters appear at complicated crossing. Detected crossings imply recent infrastructural modifications. We want to follow up on these results and add one additional group of commuters: Citi Bike users. For selected Saturdays in June 2015, we want to compare the destinations of boro taxi and Citi Bike users. This is challenging due to manifold differences between active mobility and motorized road users, and, due to the fact that station-based bike sharing services are restricted to stations. Start and end points of trips, as well as the volumes in between rely on specific numbers of bike sharing stations. Therefore, we introduce a novel spatiotemporal assigning procedure for areas of influence around static bike sharing stations for extending available computational methods.

ACS Style

Andreas Keler; Jukka M. Krisp; Linfang Ding. Extracting commuter-specific destination hotspots from trip destination data – comparing the boro taxi service with Citi Bike in NYC. Geo-spatial Information Science 2019, 23, 141 -152.

AMA Style

Andreas Keler, Jukka M. Krisp, Linfang Ding. Extracting commuter-specific destination hotspots from trip destination data – comparing the boro taxi service with Citi Bike in NYC. Geo-spatial Information Science. 2019; 23 (2):141-152.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andreas Keler; Jukka M. Krisp; Linfang Ding. 2019. "Extracting commuter-specific destination hotspots from trip destination data – comparing the boro taxi service with Citi Bike in NYC." Geo-spatial Information Science 23, no. 2: 141-152.

Articles
Published: 26 March 2019 in Journal of Location Based Services
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Urban mobility has complex patterns and principles. Data of moving entities on the underlying transportation infrastructure can help understanding those complex patterns and principles. Therefore, we need static infrastructural information and knowledge on spatio-temporal movement patterns of public transport services and of various vehicle fleets. We focus on inspecting data partitions of individual taxi movement acquisitions in New York City (NYC), together with OpenStreetMap (OSM) data extracts, for gaining more knowledge about the complex daily mobility patterns in NYC. We select trip information of tracked boro taxi drivers, who are restricted to pick up customers at the airports and the southern part of Manhattan. By computing with taxi customer drop-off positions, we define drop-off clusters as the customer destination hotspots of selected Saturdays in June 2015. These hotspots are then related to the OSM road network, in particular to its derivatives: complicated crossings. By comparing with a previous assumption of detecting ‘fast leaving’ behaviour within the restricted zone, we receive characteristic matching results: only few destination hotspots appear at complicated crossings. Nearly all the matching intersections have nearby situated pedestrian zones and many are associated with previous construction measures. Finally, we reason on the usefulness of the proposed method.

ACS Style

Andreas Keler; Jukka M. Krisp. Understanding the relationship between complicated crossings and frequently visited locations – a case study with boro taxis in Manhattan. Journal of Location Based Services 2019, 13, 159 -177.

AMA Style

Andreas Keler, Jukka M. Krisp. Understanding the relationship between complicated crossings and frequently visited locations – a case study with boro taxis in Manhattan. Journal of Location Based Services. 2019; 13 (3):159-177.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andreas Keler; Jukka M. Krisp. 2019. "Understanding the relationship between complicated crossings and frequently visited locations – a case study with boro taxis in Manhattan." Journal of Location Based Services 13, no. 3: 159-177.

Conference paper
Published: 01 November 2018 in 2018 21st International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC)
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Urban environments often imply complex transportation infrastructures with manifold different traffic participant using various modes of transport. These traffic participants interact with each other in different ways, often in specific patterns of communication. One option for understanding these interactions may come from microscopic traffic flow simulations. Simulated traffic on modelled urban transportation infrastructures may deliver insights on general traffic-related problems or show specific locations of high risk of accidents or of low traffic quality. Besides having a general view on microscopic traffic flow simulation results, we propose one option for experiencing these simulations from a first-person perspective visualization as one interacting traffic participant on a non-moving physical bicycle. We introduce a procedure for implementing a bicycle simulator for testing various scenarios in three-dimensional environments. By including individual realtime bicycle movements of test subjects into ongoing traffic simulations, we are able to derive individual behavioral strategies to cope with the modelled transportation infrastructure and with simulated vehicle drivers, bicyclists and pedestrians from the point of view of an urban bicyclist. We aim to introduce a novel technique for (1) analyzing present problems of traffic and built infrastructural elements, and, (2) inspecting planned scenarios with variations in traffic compositions (participants and modes) and built infrastructure (inclusion of new design elements). One first test scenario is implemented for gaining first insights on the usefulness of the presented device.

ACS Style

Andreas Keler; Jakob Kaths; Frederic Chucholowski; Maximilian Chucholowski; Georgios Grigoropoulos; Matthias Spangler; Heather Kaths; Fritz Busch. A bicycle simulator for experiencing microscopic traffic flow simulation in urban environments. 2018 21st International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC) 2018, 3020 -3023.

AMA Style

Andreas Keler, Jakob Kaths, Frederic Chucholowski, Maximilian Chucholowski, Georgios Grigoropoulos, Matthias Spangler, Heather Kaths, Fritz Busch. A bicycle simulator for experiencing microscopic traffic flow simulation in urban environments. 2018 21st International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC). 2018; ():3020-3023.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andreas Keler; Jakob Kaths; Frederic Chucholowski; Maximilian Chucholowski; Georgios Grigoropoulos; Matthias Spangler; Heather Kaths; Fritz Busch. 2018. "A bicycle simulator for experiencing microscopic traffic flow simulation in urban environments." 2018 21st International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC) , no. : 3020-3023.

Articles
Published: 02 October 2017 in Geo-spatial Information Science
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Detecting and describing movement of vehicles in established transportation infrastructures is an important task. It helps to predict periodical traffic patterns for optimizing traffic regulations and extending the functions of established transportation infrastructures. The detection of traffic patterns consists not only of analyses of arrangement patterns of multiple vehicle trajectories, but also of the inspection of the embedded geographical context. In this paper, we introduce a method for intersecting vehicle trajectories and extracting their intersection points for selected rush hours in urban environments. Those vehicle trajectory intersection points (TIP) are frequently visited locations within urban road networks and are subsequently formed into density-connected clusters, which are then represented as polygons. For representing temporal variations of the created polygons, we enrich these with vehicle trajectories of other times of the day and additional road network information. In a case study, we test our approach on massive taxi Floating Car Data (FCD) from Shanghai and road network data from the OpenStreetMap (OSM) project. The first test results show strong correlations with periodical traffic events in Shanghai. Based on these results, we reason out the usefulness of polygons representing frequently visited locations for analyses in urban planning and traffic engineering.

ACS Style

Andreas Keler; Jukka M. Krisp; Linfang Ding. Detecting vehicle traffic patterns in urban environments using taxi trajectory intersection points. Geo-spatial Information Science 2017, 20, 333 -344.

AMA Style

Andreas Keler, Jukka M. Krisp, Linfang Ding. Detecting vehicle traffic patterns in urban environments using taxi trajectory intersection points. Geo-spatial Information Science. 2017; 20 (4):333-344.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andreas Keler; Jukka M. Krisp; Linfang Ding. 2017. "Detecting vehicle traffic patterns in urban environments using taxi trajectory intersection points." Geo-spatial Information Science 20, no. 4: 333-344.

Conference paper
Published: 31 May 2017 in Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography
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Daily mobility patterns in highly populated urban environments rely on a well-functioning effective road network. Nevertheless, traffic bottlenecks are typical for urban environments with periodic traffic congestion. In this paper, we focus on the investigation of how traffic congestion is related with complicated crossings. First, we select an approach for the classification of the complexity of road partitions and the derivation of complicated crossings based on geodata from OpenStreetMap (OSM). Second, we calculate traffic congestions using Floating Taxi Data (FTD) from Shanghai in 2007. Then, we develop a matching technique to link the congestion and complicated crossings, and subsequently define the concept of traffic bottlenecks represented by polygons. The bottlenecks indicate locations where the transportation infrastructure is complex and traffic congestion appears periodically. Finally, we select suitable cartographic representations of traffic bottlenecks in potential thematic vehicle traffic maps.

ACS Style

Andreas Keler; Jukka M. Krisp; Linfang Ding. Visualization of Traffic Bottlenecks: Combining Traffic Congestion with Complicated Crossings. Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography 2017, 493 -505.

AMA Style

Andreas Keler, Jukka M. Krisp, Linfang Ding. Visualization of Traffic Bottlenecks: Combining Traffic Congestion with Complicated Crossings. Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography. 2017; ():493-505.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andreas Keler; Jukka M. Krisp; Linfang Ding. 2017. "Visualization of Traffic Bottlenecks: Combining Traffic Congestion with Complicated Crossings." Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography , no. : 493-505.

Journal article
Published: 03 April 2017 in Journal of Location Based Services
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ACS Style

Andreas Keler; Jukka M. Krisp; Linfang Ding. Detecting traffic congestion propagation in urban environments – a case study with Floating Taxi Data (FTD) in Shanghai. Journal of Location Based Services 2017, 11, 133 -151.

AMA Style

Andreas Keler, Jukka M. Krisp, Linfang Ding. Detecting traffic congestion propagation in urban environments – a case study with Floating Taxi Data (FTD) in Shanghai. Journal of Location Based Services. 2017; 11 (2):133-151.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andreas Keler; Jukka M. Krisp; Linfang Ding. 2017. "Detecting traffic congestion propagation in urban environments – a case study with Floating Taxi Data (FTD) in Shanghai." Journal of Location Based Services 11, no. 2: 133-151.

Book chapter
Published: 13 October 2016 in Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography
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Nowadays indoor navigation and the understanding of indoor maps and floor plans are becoming increasingly important fields of research and application. This paper introduces clustering of floor plan areas of buildings according to different characteristics. These characteristics consist of computed human perception of space, namely isovist features. Based on the calculated isovist features of floorplans we can show the possible existence of greatly varying alternative routes inside and around buildings. These routes are archetypes, since they are products of archetypal analysis, a fuzzy clustering method that allows the identification of observations with extreme values. Besides archetypal routes in a building we derive floor plan area archetypes. This has the intention of gaining more knowledge on how parts of selected indoor environments are perceived by humans. Finally, our approach helps to find a connection between subjective human perceptions and defined functional spaces in indoor environments.

ACS Style

Sebastian Feld; Hao Lyu; Andreas Keler. Identifying Divergent Building Structures Using Fuzzy Clustering of Isovist Features. Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography 2016, 151 -172.

AMA Style

Sebastian Feld, Hao Lyu, Andreas Keler. Identifying Divergent Building Structures Using Fuzzy Clustering of Isovist Features. Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography. 2016; ():151-172.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sebastian Feld; Hao Lyu; Andreas Keler. 2016. "Identifying Divergent Building Structures Using Fuzzy Clustering of Isovist Features." Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography , no. : 151-172.

Book chapter
Published: 31 May 2016 in Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography
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Floating Car Data (FCD) is GNSS-tracked vehicle movement, includes often large data size and is difficult to handle, especially in terms of visualization. Recently, FCD is often the base for interactive traffic maps for navigation and traffic forecasting. Handling FCD includes problems of large computational efforts, especially in case of connecting tracked vehicle positions to digitized road networks and subsequent traffic state derivations. Established interactive traffic maps show one possible visual representation for FCD. We propose a user-adapted map for the visual analysis of massive vehicle movement data. In our visual analysis approach we distinguish between a global and a local view on the data. Global views show the distribution of user-defined selection areas, in the way of focus maps. Local views show user-defined polygons with 2-D and 3-D traffic parameter visualizations and additional diagrams. Each area selection is timestamped with the time of its creation by the user. After defining a number of area selections it is possible to calculate weekday-dependent travel times based on historical taxi FCD. There are 3 different types of defined connections in global views. This has the aim to provide personalization for specific commuters by delivering only traffic and travel time information for and between user-selected areas. In a case study we inspect traffic parameters based on taxi FCD from Shanghai observed within 15 days in 2007. We introduce test selection areas, calculate their average traffic parameters and compare them with recent (2015) and typical traffic states coming from the Google traffic layer.

ACS Style

Andreas Keler; Jukka M. Krisp. Visual Analysis of Floating Taxi Data Based on Interconnected and Timestamped Area Selections. Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography 2016, 115 -131.

AMA Style

Andreas Keler, Jukka M. Krisp. Visual Analysis of Floating Taxi Data Based on Interconnected and Timestamped Area Selections. Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography. 2016; ():115-131.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andreas Keler; Jukka M. Krisp. 2016. "Visual Analysis of Floating Taxi Data Based on Interconnected and Timestamped Area Selections." Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography , no. : 115-131.

Articles
Published: 02 January 2016 in Journal of Location Based Services
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In this work, we present a routing approach avoiding relatively dangerous areas within a city. The information of how dangerous some urban areas are is derived using volunteered geographic information (VGI), governmental open data for detecting properties and functionalities of the urban infrastructure and historical crime data from police departments for detecting crime hot spots. Therefore, we present the basics of crime mapping and analysis with GIS, the practical use of VGI for routing and describe our contribution within the field of routing solutions. Afterwards, we explore our test data in detail. For the practical use, we simplify all the urban infrastructure information and propose a safety index, which represents the relative safety in the investigation area. Additionally, historical crime hot spots are detected and used as routing obstacles. The arcs in the road network are weighted by our safety index and the historical crime hot spots are introduced as obstacle polygons. We test our safety-aware routing design on Los Angeles (LA) and assume its use during night times. In this regard, from two relatively far away situated origin and destination points, we calculate the least dangerous path and compare it with the calculated shortest path. Vehicle drivers without knowledge about the dangerous areas in the city may use the least dangerous path, which is based on our calculated safety index. Finally, we discuss the effectiveness of our method and consider further extensions using freely available geodata.

ACS Style

Andreas Keler; Jean Damascene Mazimpaka. Safety-aware routing for motorised tourists based on open data and VGI. Journal of Location Based Services 2016, 10, 64 -77.

AMA Style

Andreas Keler, Jean Damascene Mazimpaka. Safety-aware routing for motorised tourists based on open data and VGI. Journal of Location Based Services. 2016; 10 (1):64-77.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andreas Keler; Jean Damascene Mazimpaka. 2016. "Safety-aware routing for motorised tourists based on open data and VGI." Journal of Location Based Services 10, no. 1: 64-77.