This paper reports, for the first time, the presence of Rhodnius stali in the state of Acre and in the Brazilian Amazon. Specimens of R. stali were collected by the Federal University of Acre in Rio Branco. The number of Triatominae species in the State of Acre increased from five to six. This was also the first report of R. stali in the Brazilian Amazon. The occurrence of R. stali is worrisome, since this species has been found naturally infected by Trypanosoma cruzi and there has been evidence of its domiciliation capabilities.

Chagas disease (CD) is a typical tropical illness caused by Trypanosoma cruzi. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of Chagas disease in communities in two states of the Brazilian Amazon. Data collection occurred in July in the Alto Juruá region of Acre and in December in the communities of Humaitá, Amazonas, in 2019. A total of 477 participants were included in the study. In the communities of Alto Juruá, triatomine collections and analyses of T. cruzi infection were also carried out. All confirmed cases were found in the state of Acre, resulting in a total prevalence of 1.67. Of these eight cases, seven underwent ECG, all of which were concluded as normal by the physician team’s cardiologists. Seventeen triatomine bugs, all belonging to the Rhodnius genus, were captured. The natural infection rate by T. cruzi was 25% in the Nova Cintra community and 66.67% in the Boca do Moa community (Alto Juruá). This research found that more than 1% of the studied population exhibited positive serological results for Chagas disease in the riverine communities during the study period, representing a small portion of cases among those who have not yet been diagnosed.

Keywords: Chagas disease; Vector control; Intradomiciliary; Triatominae

Introdução: A doença de Chagas (DC), também conhecida como Tripanossomíase Americana, é uma doença infecciosa e parasitária, causada pelo agente etiológico Trypanosoma cruzi, sendo considerada endêmica em população de baixa renda e classificada pela Organização Mundial da Saúde como uma doença tropical negligenciada. No estado do Acre, quase não há dados científicos sobre a epidemiologia da DC, embora o primeiro caso autóctone tenha sido registrado na década de 1980. Objetivo: Analisar o panorama epidemiológico da transmissão da DC no Estado do Acre, no período de 2009 a 2016. Método: O levantamento da ocorrência da DC no Estado do Acre foi realizado utilizando dados secundários de domínio público do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação do SUS e do Banco de Dados do SUS da Fundação de Vigilância Sanitária do Estado do Acre. Foram coletados dados das seguintes variáveis: sexo, faixa etária, forma de contágio, distribuição por região e município, perímetro e sazonalidade. Resultado: Quarenta e dois casos de DC foram confirmados, com um aumento de mais de 300% de 2015 a 2016 e um coeficiente de frequência de 3,06 casos por 100.000 pessoas, e na região de Tarauacá / Envira, a probabilidade de uma pessoa contrair CD foi de 600% maior que a média do estado. Conclusão: Constatamos que no estado do Acre, no período de 2009 a 2016, a maioria dos casos de DC ocorreu em 2016, na região de Tarauacá/Envira, principalmente no município de Feijó, na zona rural, de julho a outubro, em faixa etária de 0 a 30 anos, sendo a via oral a principal via de transmissão e sem diferença estatística entre homens e mulheres.

This is an ecological and time-series study using secondary data on perinatal mortality and its components from 2008 to 2017 in Espírito Santo, Brazil. The data were collected from the Mortality Information System (SIM) and Live Births Information System (SINASC) of the Unified Health System Informatics Department (DATASUS) in June 2019. The perinatal mortality rate (×1000 total births) was calculated. Time series were constructed from the perinatal mortality rate for the regions and Espírito Santo. To analyze the trend, the Prais–Winsten model was used. From 2008 to 2017 there were 8132 perinatal deaths (4939 fetal and 3193 early neonatal) out of a total of 542,802 births, a perinatal mortality rate of 15.0/1000 total births. The fetal/early neonatal ratio was 1.5:1, with a strong positive correlation early neonatal mortality rate, perinatal mortality rate, r (9) = 0.8893, with a significance level of p = 0.000574. The presence of differences in trends by health region was observed. Risk factors that stood out were as follows: mother’s age ranging between 10 and 19 or 40 and 49 years old, with no education, a gestational age between 22 and 36 weeks, triple and double pregnancy, and a birth weight below 2499 g. Among the causes of death, 49.70% of deaths were concentrated in category of the tenth edition of the International Classification of Diseases, fetuses and newborns affected by maternal factors and complications of pregnancy, labor, and delivery (P00–P04), and 11.03% were in the category of intrauterine hypoxia and birth asphyxia (P20–P21), both related to proper care during pregnancy and childbirth. We observed a slow reduction in the perinatal mortality rate in the state of Espírito Santo from 2008 to 2017.