John A. Bowden, Alan Heckert, Candice Z. Ulmer, Christina M. Jones, Jeremy P. Koelmel, Laila Abdullah, Linda Ahonen, Yazen Alnouti, Aaron M. Armando, John M. Asara, Takeshi Bamba, John R. Barr, Jonas Bergquist, Christoph H. Borchers, Joost Brandsma, Susanne B. Breitkopf, Tomas Cajka, Amaury Cazenave-Gassiot, Antonio Checa, Michelle A. Cinel, Romain A. Colas, Serge Cremers, Edward A. Dennis, James E. Evans, Alexander Fauland, Oliver Fiehn, Michael S. Gardner, Timothy J. Garrett, Katherine H. Gotlinger, Jun Han, Yingying Huang, Aveline Huipeng Neo, Tuulia Hyötyläinen, Yoshihiro Izumi, Hongfeng Jiang, Houli Jiang, Jiang Jiang, Maureen Kachman, Reiko Kiyonami, Kristaps Klavins, Christian Klose, Harald C. Köfeler, Johan Kolmert, Therese Koal, Grielof Koster, Zsuzsanna Kuklenyik, Irwin J. Kurland, Michael Leadley, Karen Lin, Krishna Rao Maddipati, Danielle McDougall, Peter J. Meikle, Natalie A. Mellett, Cian Monnin, M. Arthur Moseley, Renu Nandakumar, Matej Oresic, Rainey Patterson, David Peake, Jason S. Pierce, Martin Post, Anthony D. Postle, Rebecca Pugh, Yunping Qiu, Oswald Quehenberger, Parsram Ramrup, Jon Rees, Barbara Rembiesa, Denis Reynaud, Mary R. Roth, Susanne Sales, Kai Schuhmann, Michal Laniado Schwartzman, Charles N. Serhan, Andrej Shevchenko, Stephen E. Somerville, Lisa St. John-Williams, Michal A. Surma, Hiroaki Takeda, Rhishikesh Thakare, J. Will Thompson, Federico Torta, Alexander Triebl, Martin Trötzmüller, S. J. Kumari Ubhayasekera, Dajana Vuckovic, Jacquelyn M. Weir, Ruth Welti, Markus R. Wenk, Craig E. Wheelock, Libin Yao, Min Yuan, Xueqing Heather Zhao, Senlin Zhou

Lipids are crucial components of cellular function owing to their role in membrane formation, intercellular signaling, energy storage, and homeostasis maintenance. In the brain, lipid dysregulations have been associated with the etiology and progression of neurodegeneration and other neurological pathologies. Hence, brain lipids are emerging as important potential targets for the early diagnosis and prognosis of neurological diseases. This review aims to highlight the significance and usefulness of lipidomics in diagnosing and treating brain diseases. We explored lipid alterations associated with brain diseases, paying attention to organ-specific characteristics and the functions of brain lipids. As the recent advances in brain lipidomics would have been impossible without advances in analytical techniques, we provide up-to-date information on mass spectrometric approaches and integrative analysis with other omic approaches. Last, we present the potential applications of lipidomics combined with artificial intelligence techniques and interdisciplinary collaborative research for treating brain diseases with clinical heterogeneities.

Bo Burla, Makoto Arita, Masanori Arita, Anne K. Bendt, Amaury Cazenave-Gassiot, Edward A. Dennis, Kim Ekroos, Xianlin Han, Kazutaka Ikeda, Gerhard Liebisch, Michelle K. Lin, Tze Ping Loh, Peter J. Meikle, Matej Orešič, Oswald Quehenberger, Andrej Shevchenko, Federico Torta, Michael J. O. Wakelam, Craig E. Wheelock, Markus R. Wenk