Luis Guilherme Virgilio Fernandes obtained his Master degree and Ph.D. degree in Biotechnology from the University of Sao Paulo and the Instituto Butantan. During his Ph.D., he spent 6 months at the Institute Pasteurs, Paris. Luis Fernandes also spent one year as a Visiting Researcher at the United States Department of Agriculture, Ames, Iowa. Currently, he is a postdoctoral fellow at the Instituto Butantan.