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The fifth-generation (5G) mobile network services are currently being made available for different use case scenarios like enhanced mobile broadband, ultra-reliable and low latency communication, and massive machine-type communication. The ever-increasing data requests from the users have shifted the communication paradigm to be based on the type of the requested data content or the so-called information-centric networking (ICN). The ICN primarily aims to enhance the performance of the network infrastructure in terms of the stretch to opt for the best routing path. Reduction in stretch merely reduces the end-to-end (E2E) latency to ensure the requirements of the 5G-enabled tactile internet (TI) services. The foremost challenge tackled by the ICN-based system is to minimize the stretch while selecting an optimal routing path. Therefore, in this work, a reinforcement learning-based intelligent stretch optimization (ISO) strategy has been proposed to reduce stretch and obtain an optimal routing path in ICN-based systems for the realization of 5G-enabled TI services. A Q-learning algorithm is utilized to explore and exploit the different routing paths within the ICN infrastructure. The problem is designed as a Markov decision process and solved with the help of the Q-learning algorithm. The simulation results indicate that the proposed strategy finds the optimal routing path for the delay-sensitive haptic-driven services of 5G-enabled TI based upon their stretch profile over ICN, such as the augmented reality /virtual reality applications. Moreover, we compare and evaluate the simulation results of propsoed ISO strategy with random routing strategy and history aware routing protocol (HARP). The proposed ISO strategy reduces 33.33% and 33.69% delay as compared to random routing and HARP, respectively. Thus, the proposed strategy suggests an optimal routing path with lesser stretch to minimize the E2E latency.
Hussain Ahmad; Muhammad Zubair Islam; Rashid Ali; Amir Haider; Hyungseok Kim. Intelligent Stretch Optimization in Information Centric Networking-Based Tactile Internet Applications. Applied Sciences 2021, 11, 7351 .
AMA StyleHussain Ahmad, Muhammad Zubair Islam, Rashid Ali, Amir Haider, Hyungseok Kim. Intelligent Stretch Optimization in Information Centric Networking-Based Tactile Internet Applications. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11 (16):7351.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHussain Ahmad; Muhammad Zubair Islam; Rashid Ali; Amir Haider; Hyungseok Kim. 2021. "Intelligent Stretch Optimization in Information Centric Networking-Based Tactile Internet Applications." Applied Sciences 11, no. 16: 7351.
One of the major impediments in the design and operation of a full-duplex radio transceiver is the presence of self-interference (SI), that is, the transceiver’s transmitted signal, 60–100 dB stronger than the desired signal of interest. To reduce the SI signal below the receiver’s sensitivity before coupling it to the receiver, radio frequency (RF)/analog domain cancellation is carried out. Even after SI cancellation to the required level in the analog domain, the residual SI signal still exits and lowers the transceiver’s performance. For residual SI cancellation, a digital domain cancellation is carried out. RF impairments are the major obstacle in the residual SI cancellation path in the digital domain. Linearization of RF impairments such as IQ mixer imbalance in the transmitter and receiver chain, non-linear PA with memory, and non-linear LNA are also carried out. Performance evaluation of the proposed techniques is carried out based on SINR, the power of different SI signal components, PSD, output to input relationship, SNR vs. BER, spectrum analyzer, constellation diagram, and link budget analysis. The proposed techniques provide attractive RF/analog SI cancellation of up to 80–90 dB, digital residual SI cancellation of up to 35 to 40 dB, total SI cancellation of up to 110 to 130 dB, and an SINR improvement of up to 50 dB.
Areeba Ayesha; Muhibur Rahman; Amir Haider; Shabbir Majeed Chaudhry. On Self-Interference Cancellation and Non-Idealities Suppression in Full-Duplex Radio Transceivers. Mathematics 2021, 9, 1434 .
AMA StyleAreeba Ayesha, Muhibur Rahman, Amir Haider, Shabbir Majeed Chaudhry. On Self-Interference Cancellation and Non-Idealities Suppression in Full-Duplex Radio Transceivers. Mathematics. 2021; 9 (12):1434.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAreeba Ayesha; Muhibur Rahman; Amir Haider; Shabbir Majeed Chaudhry. 2021. "On Self-Interference Cancellation and Non-Idealities Suppression in Full-Duplex Radio Transceivers." Mathematics 9, no. 12: 1434.
Image denoising is a challenging task that is essential in numerous computer vision and image processing problems. This study proposes and applies a generative adversarial network-based image denoising training architecture to multiple-level Gaussian image denoising tasks. Convolutional neural network-based denoising approaches come across a blurriness issue that produces denoised images blurry on texture details. To resolve the blurriness issue, we first performed a theoretical study of the cause of the problem. Subsequently, we proposed an adversarial Gaussian denoiser network, which uses the generative adversarial network-based adversarial learning process for image denoising tasks. This framework resolves the blurriness problem by encouraging the denoiser network to find the distribution of sharp noise-free images instead of blurry images. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed framework can effectively resolve the blurriness problem and achieve significant denoising efficiency than the state-of-the-art denoising methods.
Aamir Khan; Weidong Jin; Amir Haider; Muhibur Rahman; Desheng Wang. Adversarial Gaussian Denoiser for Multiple-Level Image Denoising. Sensors 2021, 21, 2998 .
AMA StyleAamir Khan, Weidong Jin, Amir Haider, Muhibur Rahman, Desheng Wang. Adversarial Gaussian Denoiser for Multiple-Level Image Denoising. Sensors. 2021; 21 (9):2998.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAamir Khan; Weidong Jin; Amir Haider; Muhibur Rahman; Desheng Wang. 2021. "Adversarial Gaussian Denoiser for Multiple-Level Image Denoising." Sensors 21, no. 9: 2998.
Diabetes distress is an alternative disorder that is often associated with depression syndromes. Psychosocial distress is an alternative disorder that acts as a resistance to diabetes self-care management and compromises diabetes control. Yet, in Nigeria, the focus of healthcare centers is largely inclined toward the medical aspect of diabetes that neglects psychosocial care. In this retrospective study, specific distress was measured by the Diabetes Distress Screening (DDS) scale, and depression was analyzed by the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Diagnosis Statistics Manual (DSM) criteria in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients of Northwestern Nigeria. Additionally, we applied the Chi-square test and linear regression to measure the forecast prevalence ratio and evaluate the link between the respective factors that further determine the odd ratios and coefficient correlations in five nonintrusive variables, namely age, gender, physical exercise, diabetes history, and smoking. In total, 712 sample patients were taken, with 51.68% male and 47.31% female patients. The mean age and body mass index (BMI) was 48.6 years ± 12.8 and 45.6 years ± 8.3. Based on the BDI prediction, 90.15% of patients were found depressed according to the DSM parameters, and depression prevalence was recorded around 22.06%. Overall, 88.20% of patients had DDS-dependent diabetes-specific distress with a prevalence ratio of 24.08%, of whom 45.86% were moderate and 54.14% serious. In sharp contrast, emotion-related distress of 28.96% was found compared to interpersonal (23.61%), followed by physician (16.42%) and regimen (13.21%) distress. The BDI-based matching of depression signs was also statistically significant with p < 0.001 in severe distress patients. However, 10.11% of patients were considered not to be depressed by DSM guidelines. The statistical evidence indicates that depression and distress are closely correlated with age, sex, diabetes history, physical exercise, and smoking influences. The facts and findings in this work show that emotional distress was found more prevalent. This study is significant because it considered several sociocultural and religious differences between Nigeria and large, undeveloped, populated countries with low socioeconomic status and excessive epidemiological risk. Finally, it is important for the clinical implications of T2DM patients on their initial screenings.
Sohail Noman; Jehangir Arshad; Muhammad Zeeshan; Ateeq Rehman; Amir Haider; Shahzada Khurram; Omar Cheikhrouhou; Habib Hamam; Muhammad Shafiq. An Empirical Study on Diabetes Depression over Distress Evaluation Using Diagnosis Statistical Manual and Chi-Square Method. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 3755 .
AMA StyleSohail Noman, Jehangir Arshad, Muhammad Zeeshan, Ateeq Rehman, Amir Haider, Shahzada Khurram, Omar Cheikhrouhou, Habib Hamam, Muhammad Shafiq. An Empirical Study on Diabetes Depression over Distress Evaluation Using Diagnosis Statistical Manual and Chi-Square Method. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (7):3755.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSohail Noman; Jehangir Arshad; Muhammad Zeeshan; Ateeq Rehman; Amir Haider; Shahzada Khurram; Omar Cheikhrouhou; Habib Hamam; Muhammad Shafiq. 2021. "An Empirical Study on Diabetes Depression over Distress Evaluation Using Diagnosis Statistical Manual and Chi-Square Method." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 7: 3755.
A study for MHD (magnetohydrodynamic) impacts on the rotating flow of Casson nanofluids is considered. The concentration and temperature distributions are related along with the double diffusion Cattaneo–Christov model, thermophoresis, and Brownian motion. The governing equations in the 3D form are changed into dimensionless two-dimensional form with the implementation of suitable scaling transformations. The variational finite element procedure is harnessed and coded in Matlab script to obtain the numerical solution of the coupled nonlinear partial differential problem. The variation patterns of Sherwood number, Nusselt number, skin friction coefficients, velocities, concentration, and temperature functions are computed to reveal the physical nature of this examination. It is seen that higher contributions of the magnetic force, Casson fluid, and rotational fluid parameters cause to raise the temperature like thermophoresis and Brownian motion does but causes slowing the primary as well as secondary velocities. The FEM solutions showing an excellent correlation with published results. The current study has significant applications in the biomedical, modern technologies of aerospace systems, and relevance to energy systems.
Bagh Ali; Rizwan Ali Naqvi; Amir Haider; Dildar Hussain; And Sajjad Hussain. Finite Element Study of MHD Impacts on the Rotating Flow of Casson Nanofluid with the Double Diffusion Cattaneo–Christov Heat Flux Model. Mathematics 2020, 8, 1555 .
AMA StyleBagh Ali, Rizwan Ali Naqvi, Amir Haider, Dildar Hussain, And Sajjad Hussain. Finite Element Study of MHD Impacts on the Rotating Flow of Casson Nanofluid with the Double Diffusion Cattaneo–Christov Heat Flux Model. Mathematics. 2020; 8 (9):1555.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBagh Ali; Rizwan Ali Naqvi; Amir Haider; Dildar Hussain; And Sajjad Hussain. 2020. "Finite Element Study of MHD Impacts on the Rotating Flow of Casson Nanofluid with the Double Diffusion Cattaneo–Christov Heat Flux Model." Mathematics 8, no. 9: 1555.
This paper investigates the time-domain performance of a switchable filter impulse radio ultra-wideband (IR-UWB) antenna for microwave breast imaging applications. A miniaturized CPW-fed integrated filter antenna with switchable performance in the range of the Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) and Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) bands could operate well within a 3.0 to 11 GHz frequency range. The time-domain performance of the filter antenna was investigated in comparison to that of the designed reference wideband antenna. By comparing both antennas’ time-domain characteristics, it was seen that the switchable filter antenna had good time-domain resolution along with the frequency-domain operation. Additionally, the time-domain investigation revealed that the switchable filter wide-band antenna performed similarly to the reference wide band antenna. This antenna was also utilized for a tumor detection application, and it was seen that the switchable filter wide-band antenna could detect a miniaturized irregularly shaped tumor easily, which is quite promising. Such an antenna with a good time-domain resolution and tumor detection capability will be a good candidate and will find potential applications in microwave breast imaging.
Amir Haider; Muhibur Rahman; Mahdi Naghshvarianjahromi; Hyung Seok Kim. Time-Domain Investigation of Switchable Filter Wide-Band Antenna for Microwave Breast Imaging. Sensors 2020, 20, 4302 .
AMA StyleAmir Haider, Muhibur Rahman, Mahdi Naghshvarianjahromi, Hyung Seok Kim. Time-Domain Investigation of Switchable Filter Wide-Band Antenna for Microwave Breast Imaging. Sensors. 2020; 20 (15):4302.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAmir Haider; Muhibur Rahman; Mahdi Naghshvarianjahromi; Hyung Seok Kim. 2020. "Time-Domain Investigation of Switchable Filter Wide-Band Antenna for Microwave Breast Imaging." Sensors 20, no. 15: 4302.
For cellular-based vehicle-to-everything (C-V2X) communication, vital information about status and intention is periodically broadcasted by each vehicle using the cooperative awareness message (CAM) service. In C-V2X, the task of resource allocation can either be carried out in a centralized manner by the network, termed Mode 3, or by the vehicles themselves in a distributed manner without any core network support, termed Mode 4. Mode 4 scheduling is accomplished by employing sensing-based semi-persistent scheduling (SB-SPS), where the vehicles sense the medium and identify the best time-frequency resource combination for transmission of the CAM. Focusing on Mode 4 in this paper, we present a comprehensive analysis of the impact of variations in the transmit power of the vehicle on the performance of SB-SPS for C-V2X communications in various traffic scenarios through simulations. An adaptive-transmit power control (A-TPC) algorithm is presented to improve the quality of service for various large-scale traffic scenarios, where each vehicle uses real-time channel-sensing information to adjust the transmit power in order to avoid interference with neighbouring vehicles. The results demonstrate that our proposed algorithm outperforms the conventional TPC schemes.
Amir Haider; Seung-Hoon Hwang. Adaptive Transmit Power Control Algorithm for Sensing-Based Semi-Persistent Scheduling in C-V2X Mode 4 Communication. Electronics 2019, 8, 846 .
AMA StyleAmir Haider, Seung-Hoon Hwang. Adaptive Transmit Power Control Algorithm for Sensing-Based Semi-Persistent Scheduling in C-V2X Mode 4 Communication. Electronics. 2019; 8 (8):846.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAmir Haider; Seung-Hoon Hwang. 2019. "Adaptive Transmit Power Control Algorithm for Sensing-Based Semi-Persistent Scheduling in C-V2X Mode 4 Communication." Electronics 8, no. 8: 846.
To furnish the network with small cells, it is vital to consider parameters like cell size, interference in the network, and deployment strategies to maximize the network’s performance gains expected from small cells. With a small cell network, it is critical to analyze the impact of the uplink power control parameters on the network’s performance. In particular, the maximum transmit power (Pmax) for user equipment (UE) needs to be revisited for small cells, since it is a major contributor towards interference. In this work, the network performance was evaluated for different Pmax values for the small cell uplink. Various deployment scenarios for furnishing the existing macro layer in LTE networks with small cells were considered. The Pmax limit for a small cell uplink was evaluated for both homogenous small cell and heterogeneous networks (HetNet). The numerical results showed that it would be appropriate to adopt Pmax = 18 dBm in uniformly distributed small cells rather than Pmax = 23 dBm, as in macro environments. The choice of Pmax = 18 dBm was further validated for three HetNet deployment scenarios. A decrease of 0.52 dBm and an increase of 0.03 dBm and 3.29 dBm in the proposed Pmax = 18 dBm were observed for the three HetNet deployments, respectively. Furthermore, we propose that the fractional power control mode can be employed instead of the full compensation mode in small cell uplinks.
Amir Haider; Seung-Hoon Hwang. Maximum Transmit Power for UE in an LTE Small Cell Uplink. Electronics 2019, 8, 796 .
AMA StyleAmir Haider, Seung-Hoon Hwang. Maximum Transmit Power for UE in an LTE Small Cell Uplink. Electronics. 2019; 8 (7):796.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAmir Haider; Seung-Hoon Hwang. 2019. "Maximum Transmit Power for UE in an LTE Small Cell Uplink." Electronics 8, no. 7: 796.
To accommodate the rapidly increasing demand for connected infrastructure, automation for industrial sites and building smart cities, the development of Internet of Things (IoT)-based solutions is considered one of the major trends in modern day industrial revolution. In particular, providing high precision indoor positioning services for such applications is a key challenge. Wi-Fi fingerprint-based indoor positioning systems have been adapted as promising candidates for such applications. The performance of such indoor positioning systems degrade drastically due to several impairments like noisy datasets, high variation in Wi-Fi signals over time, fading of Wi-Fi signals due to multipath propagation caused by hurdles, people walking in the area under consideration and the addition/removal of Wi-Fi access points (APs). In this paper, we propose data pre- and post-processing algorithms with deep learning classifiers for Wi-Fi fingerprint-based indoor positioning, in order to provide immunity against limitations in the database and the indoor environment. In addition, we investigate the performance of the proposed system through simulation as well as extensive experiments. The results demonstrate that the pre-processing algorithm can efficiently fill in the missing Wi-Fi received signal strength fingerprints in the database, resulting in a success rate of 88.96% in simulation and 86.61% in a real-time experiment. The post-processing algorithm can improve the results from 9.05–10.94% for the conducted experiments, providing the highest success rate of 95.94% with a precision of 4 m for Wi-Fi fingerprint-based indoor positioning.
Amir Haider; Yiqiao Wei; Shuzhi Liu; Seung-Hoon Hwang. Pre- and Post-Processing Algorithms with Deep Learning Classifier for Wi-Fi Fingerprint-Based Indoor Positioning. Electronics 2019, 8, 195 .
AMA StyleAmir Haider, Yiqiao Wei, Shuzhi Liu, Seung-Hoon Hwang. Pre- and Post-Processing Algorithms with Deep Learning Classifier for Wi-Fi Fingerprint-Based Indoor Positioning. Electronics. 2019; 8 (2):195.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAmir Haider; Yiqiao Wei; Shuzhi Liu; Seung-Hoon Hwang. 2019. "Pre- and Post-Processing Algorithms with Deep Learning Classifier for Wi-Fi Fingerprint-Based Indoor Positioning." Electronics 8, no. 2: 195.
In Long Term Evolution (LTE) cellular networks, the transmit power control (TPC) mechanism consists of two parts: the open loop (OL) and closed loop. Most cellular networks consider OL/TPC because of its simple implementation and low operation cost. The analysis of OL/TPC parameters is essential for efficient resource management from the cellular operator's viewpoint. In this work, the impact of the OL/TPC parameters is investigated for homogeneous small cells and heterogeneous small-cell/macrocell network environments. A mathematical model is derived to compute the transmit power at the user equipment, the received power at the eNodeB, the interference in the network, and the received signal-to-interference ratio. Using the analytical platform, the effects of the OL/TPC parameters on the system performance in LTE networks are investigated. Numerical results show that, in order to achieve the best performance, it is appropriate to choose αsmall = 1 and Po-small = –100 dBm in a homogenous small-cell network. Further, the selections of αsmall = 1 and Po-small = –100 dBm in the small cells and αmacro = 0.8 and Po-macro = –100 dBm in the macrocells seem to be suitable for heterogeneous network deployment.
Amir Haider; Rashmi Sharan Sinha; Seung-Hoon Hwang. Investigation of Open-Loop Transmit Power Control Parameters for Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Small-Cell Uplinks. ETRI Journal 2018, 40, 51 -60.
AMA StyleAmir Haider, Rashmi Sharan Sinha, Seung-Hoon Hwang. Investigation of Open-Loop Transmit Power Control Parameters for Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Small-Cell Uplinks. ETRI Journal. 2018; 40 (1):51-60.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAmir Haider; Rashmi Sharan Sinha; Seung-Hoon Hwang. 2018. "Investigation of Open-Loop Transmit Power Control Parameters for Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Small-Cell Uplinks." ETRI Journal 40, no. 1: 51-60.
In LTE cellular network, the uplink power control (PC) mechanism consists of two parts, an open loop (OL) PC and a closed loop (CL) PC. The OLPC determines the initial settings of the network while the CLPC settings aim to correct the errors in the OLPC configurations. In most of cellular networks, OLPC is adopted because of its implementation simplicity and low operation cost. In this work, we investigate the effects of the OLPC parameters for macro and small cells in a heterogeneous network (HetNet) environment. A mathematical analysis is employed to compute a transmit power at the mobile station, a received power at the eNodeB, interferences in the network, and a received signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR). To achieve the best performance, it would be the appropriate choice of α=1 and P0 =−100dBm in the small cells, and α=0.8 and P0 =− 100dBm in macro cell.
Amir Haider; Seong-Hee Lee; Seung-Hoon Hwang; Dae Ik Kim; Jee Hyeon Na. Uplink open loop power control for LTE HetNet. 2016 URSI Asia-Pacific Radio Science Conference (URSI AP-RASC) 2017, 83 -85.
AMA StyleAmir Haider, Seong-Hee Lee, Seung-Hoon Hwang, Dae Ik Kim, Jee Hyeon Na. Uplink open loop power control for LTE HetNet. 2016 URSI Asia-Pacific Radio Science Conference (URSI AP-RASC). 2017; ():83-85.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAmir Haider; Seong-Hee Lee; Seung-Hoon Hwang; Dae Ik Kim; Jee Hyeon Na. 2017. "Uplink open loop power control for LTE HetNet." 2016 URSI Asia-Pacific Radio Science Conference (URSI AP-RASC) , no. : 83-85.