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Yoshinori Fujiwara
Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-Cho, Itabashi, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan

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Journal article
Published: 02 July 2021 in Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness
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Nordic walking (NW) has been reported as a safe and effective exercise mode. However, the effects of NW on cognitive function are unknown. This study examined the effects of an unsupervised NW intervention on cognitive and physical function among older women engaging in volunteering. Forty-seven women aged ≥70 years were enrolled and assigned into three groups (NW (n = 16); walking (n = 19); control group (n = 12)) based on residential areas. Participants in NW and walking groups received a pedometer and recorded daily step counts. The NW group received poles and 2 h of NW instruction. Participants were encouraged to perform the exercise individually more than once a week during the 3-month intervention. As baseline and follow-up assessments, cognitive function (Montreal Cognitive Assessment [MoCA-J] and Trail Making Test), physical function (handgrip strength, walking speed, balance ability, the Timed Up and Go test, and functional capacity), and objective physical activity were evaluated. In the NW group, physical activity, maximal walking speed, and MoCA-J scores were improved during the intervention period. In the walking group, physical activity was increased after the intervention. Analysis of covariance showed that maximal walking speed among the NW group significantly improved compared with the walking group. Sub-group analysis of participants who exercised more than once a week showed that handgrip strength, gait speed, and MoCA-J scores were significantly improved in the NW compared with the walking group. NW intervention improved cognitive and physical function compared with simple walking among older women.

ACS Style

Yuta Nemoto; Ryota Sakurai; Susumu Ogawa; Kazushi Maruo; Yoshinori Fujiwara. Effects of an unsupervised Nordic walking intervention on cognitive and physical function among older women engaging in volunteer activity. Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness 2021, 19, 209 -215.

AMA Style

Yuta Nemoto, Ryota Sakurai, Susumu Ogawa, Kazushi Maruo, Yoshinori Fujiwara. Effects of an unsupervised Nordic walking intervention on cognitive and physical function among older women engaging in volunteer activity. Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness. 2021; 19 (4):209-215.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yuta Nemoto; Ryota Sakurai; Susumu Ogawa; Kazushi Maruo; Yoshinori Fujiwara. 2021. "Effects of an unsupervised Nordic walking intervention on cognitive and physical function among older women engaging in volunteer activity." Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness 19, no. 4: 209-215.

Journal article
Published: 21 June 2021 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Oral hypofunction, resulting from a combined decrease in multiple oral functions, may affect systemic-condition deterioration; however, few studies have examined the association between oral hypofunction and general health among older adults. In this cross-sectional study, we examined the relationship between oral hypofunction and sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults. We included 878 adults (268 men and 610 women, mean age 76.5 ± 8.3 years). Tongue coating index, oral moisture, occlusal force, oral diadochokinesis (/pa/,/ta/,/ka/), tongue pressure, mas-ticatory function, and swallowing function were evaluated as indicators of oral hypofunction. Grip strength, gait speed, and skeletal muscle mass index were measured as diagnostic sarcopenia parameters. The association between oral hypofunction and sarcopenia was examined via logistic regression using sarcopenia as the dependent variable. Oral hypofunction prevalence was 50.5% overall, 40.3% in men, and 54.9% in women. The prevalence of sarcopenia was 18.6% overall, 9.7% in men, and 22.5% in women. A logistic regression showed oral hypofunction, age, body mass index, higher-level functional capacity, and serum albumin level were significantly associated with sarcopenia. Sarcopenia occurred at an increased frequency in patients diagnosed with oral hypofunction (odds ratio: 1.59, 95% confidence interval: 1.02–2.47); accordingly, oral hypofunction appears to be significantly associated with sarcopenia.

ACS Style

Yoshihiro Kugimiya; Masanori Iwasaki; Yuki Ohara; Keiko Motokawa; Ayako Edahiro; Maki Shirobe; Yutaka Watanabe; Shuichi Obuchi; Hisashi Kawai; Yoshinori Fujiwara; Kazushige Ihara; Hunkyung Kim; Takayuki Ueda; Hirohiko Hirano. Relationship between Oral Hypofunction and Sarcopenia in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: The Otassha Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 6666 .

AMA Style

Yoshihiro Kugimiya, Masanori Iwasaki, Yuki Ohara, Keiko Motokawa, Ayako Edahiro, Maki Shirobe, Yutaka Watanabe, Shuichi Obuchi, Hisashi Kawai, Yoshinori Fujiwara, Kazushige Ihara, Hunkyung Kim, Takayuki Ueda, Hirohiko Hirano. Relationship between Oral Hypofunction and Sarcopenia in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: The Otassha Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (12):6666.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yoshihiro Kugimiya; Masanori Iwasaki; Yuki Ohara; Keiko Motokawa; Ayako Edahiro; Maki Shirobe; Yutaka Watanabe; Shuichi Obuchi; Hisashi Kawai; Yoshinori Fujiwara; Kazushige Ihara; Hunkyung Kim; Takayuki Ueda; Hirohiko Hirano. 2021. "Relationship between Oral Hypofunction and Sarcopenia in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: The Otassha Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 12: 6666.

Journal article
Published: 26 February 2021 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Background: Social contact leads to an increased likelihood of engaging in physical activity (PA). However, the influence of social contact on PA would be different depending on the social contact source. This study aimed to identify the association of changes in social contact with family and non-family members with the change in PA using a parallel latent growth curve modeling. Methods: Participants were randomly selected from among residents in the study area age ≥ 20 years (n = 7000). We conducted mail surveys in 2014, 2016, and 2019. The 1365 participants completed all surveys. PA was assessed with validated single-item physical activity measure. Social contact was assessed by summing frequencies of face-to-face and non-face-to-face contacts with family/relatives not living with the participant and friends/neighbors. Parallel latent growth curve modeling was used to assess the cross-sectional, prospective, and parallel associations of social contact with PA change. Results: There was a positive cross-sectional association between contact with friends/neighbors and PA, whereas prospective and parallel associations between contact with family/relatives and PA. Conclusion: Contacting friends/neighbors did not predict the change in PA, and a high frequency of contact with family/relatives at baseline and increasing contact with family/relatives was associated with increased PA over 5-year.

ACS Style

Yuta Nemoto; Ryota Sakurai; Hiroko Matsunaga; Yoh Murayama; Masami Hasebe; Mariko Nishi; Miki Narita; Yoshinori Fujiwara. Social Contact with Family and Non-Family Members Differentially Affects Physical Activity: A Parallel Latent Growth Curve Modeling Approach. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 2313 .

AMA Style

Yuta Nemoto, Ryota Sakurai, Hiroko Matsunaga, Yoh Murayama, Masami Hasebe, Mariko Nishi, Miki Narita, Yoshinori Fujiwara. Social Contact with Family and Non-Family Members Differentially Affects Physical Activity: A Parallel Latent Growth Curve Modeling Approach. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (5):2313.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yuta Nemoto; Ryota Sakurai; Hiroko Matsunaga; Yoh Murayama; Masami Hasebe; Mariko Nishi; Miki Narita; Yoshinori Fujiwara. 2021. "Social Contact with Family and Non-Family Members Differentially Affects Physical Activity: A Parallel Latent Growth Curve Modeling Approach." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 5: 2313.

Journal article
Published: 16 February 2021 in Nutrients
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The association between dietary diversity and frailty remains unknown in older people. We evaluated whether a limited dietary variety is associated with frailty in older adults with diabetes mellitus (DM). This cross-sectional investigation included 1357 adults (median age: 77 years, women: 61.3%). DM was determined by self-reporting, the Dietary Variety Score (DVS) was used to evaluate dietary variety, and the revised Japanese version of the Cardiovascular Health Study criteria evaluated frailty. Participants were divided into 4 groups: no DM/high DVS (non-DMHV), no DM/low DVS (non-DMLV), DM/high DVS (DMHV), and DM/low DVS (DMLV). The prevalence of frailty in each group was 3.6%, 6.7%, 6.7%, and 12.2%. After adjusting for covariates, logistic regression analysis revealed the highest odds ratio (OR) of frailty in the DMLV (non-DMLV, OR = 2.18 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.25–‍3.83); DMHV, OR = 1.87 (95% CI: 0.63–5.52); DML, OR = 5.03 (95% CI: 2.05–12.35)). Another logistic regression analysis revealed that a low DVS and DM were independently associated with frailty. Both a low dietary variety and DM were independently related to frailty in older people and the combination increased the prevalence of frailty. These findings suggest that high dietary variety could be important for the prevention of frailty in people with DM.

ACS Style

Misato Hayakawa; Keiko Motokawa; Yurie Mikami; Kaori Yamamoto; Maki Shirobe; Ayako Edahiro; Masanori Iwasaki; Yuki Ohara; Yutaka Watanabe; Hisashi Kawai; Motonaga Kojima; Shuichi Obuchi; Yoshinori Fujiwara; Hunkyung Kim; Kazushige Ihara; Hiroki Inagaki; Shoji Shinkai; Shuichi Awata; Atsushi Araki; Hirohiko Hirano. Low Dietary Variety and Diabetes Mellitus are Associated with Frailty Among Community-Dwelling Older Japanese Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2021, 13, 641 .

AMA Style

Misato Hayakawa, Keiko Motokawa, Yurie Mikami, Kaori Yamamoto, Maki Shirobe, Ayako Edahiro, Masanori Iwasaki, Yuki Ohara, Yutaka Watanabe, Hisashi Kawai, Motonaga Kojima, Shuichi Obuchi, Yoshinori Fujiwara, Hunkyung Kim, Kazushige Ihara, Hiroki Inagaki, Shoji Shinkai, Shuichi Awata, Atsushi Araki, Hirohiko Hirano. Low Dietary Variety and Diabetes Mellitus are Associated with Frailty Among Community-Dwelling Older Japanese Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients. 2021; 13 (2):641.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Misato Hayakawa; Keiko Motokawa; Yurie Mikami; Kaori Yamamoto; Maki Shirobe; Ayako Edahiro; Masanori Iwasaki; Yuki Ohara; Yutaka Watanabe; Hisashi Kawai; Motonaga Kojima; Shuichi Obuchi; Yoshinori Fujiwara; Hunkyung Kim; Kazushige Ihara; Hiroki Inagaki; Shoji Shinkai; Shuichi Awata; Atsushi Araki; Hirohiko Hirano. 2021. "Low Dietary Variety and Diabetes Mellitus are Associated with Frailty Among Community-Dwelling Older Japanese Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study." Nutrients 13, no. 2: 641.

Journal article
Published: 29 January 2021 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Objectives: This study aimed to determine the relationship between objective chewing ability and the nutritional status of Japanese community-dwelling elders. Design: A cross-sectional study. Participants: A total of 509 community-dwelling elders living in the Tokyo metropolitan area participated in a comprehensive survey conducted in October 2013. Measurements: The basic characteristics were sex, age, and body mass index. Undernutrition was examined through serum albumin levels. Chewing ability was examined through color-changeable xylitol gum by evaluating the color changes in chewing gum. Nutritional intake was examined using the semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Results: In the poor chewing ability group, all nutrient intake levels were significantly low, except for carbohydrates, and intake levels for all food groups were significantly low, except for cereals, confectionery, sugars, seasonings, and spices. Additionally, after adjusting for covariates for sex, age, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology-Index of Competence (TMIG-IC) score, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score, body mass index (BMI), stroke, number of functional teeth, energy intake, and protein intake, chewing ability was found to be significantly associated with undernutrition. Conclusion: We concluded that chewing ability was closely associated with nutrient and different food groups’ intake, as well as undernutrition, among Japanese community-dwelling elders. Thus, to ensure comprehensive nutritional management, nutritionists and dentists should collaborate when treating the same patients.

ACS Style

Keiko Motokawa; Yurie Mikami; Maki Shirobe; Ayako Edahiro; Yuki Ohara; Masanori Iwasaki; Yutaka Watanabe; Hisashi Kawai; Takeshi Kera; Shuichi Obuchi; Yoshinori Fujiwara; Kazushige Ihara; Hirohiko Hirano. Relationship between Chewing Ability and Nutritional Status in Japanese Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2021, 18, 1216 .

AMA Style

Keiko Motokawa, Yurie Mikami, Maki Shirobe, Ayako Edahiro, Yuki Ohara, Masanori Iwasaki, Yutaka Watanabe, Hisashi Kawai, Takeshi Kera, Shuichi Obuchi, Yoshinori Fujiwara, Kazushige Ihara, Hirohiko Hirano. Relationship between Chewing Ability and Nutritional Status in Japanese Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021; 18 (3):1216.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Keiko Motokawa; Yurie Mikami; Maki Shirobe; Ayako Edahiro; Yuki Ohara; Masanori Iwasaki; Yutaka Watanabe; Hisashi Kawai; Takeshi Kera; Shuichi Obuchi; Yoshinori Fujiwara; Kazushige Ihara; Hirohiko Hirano. 2021. "Relationship between Chewing Ability and Nutritional Status in Japanese Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 3: 1216.

Journal article
Published: 22 October 2020 in Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics
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To examine whether co-existing social isolation and homebound status influence medical care utilization and expenditure in older adults. Postal surveys on social isolation and homebound status were performed on older adults aged ≥65 years residing in a Japanese suburban city. Information on medical care utilization and expenditure was obtained from insurance claims data. These outcomes were examined over a three-year period (December 2008 to November 2011) for all participants (Analysis I, n = 1386) and during the last year of life for mortality cases (Analysis II, n = 107). A two-part model was used to analyze the influence of social isolation and homebound status on medical care utilization (first model: logistic regression model) and its related expenditure (second model: generalized linear model). Almost 12 % of participants were both socially isolated and homebound. Analysis I showed that these participants were significantly less likely to use outpatient and home medical care than participants with neither characteristic (odds ratio: 0.536, 95 % confidence interval: 0.303−0.948). However, Analysis II showed that participants with both characteristics had significantly higher daily outpatient and home medical expenditure in the year before death than participants with neither characteristic (risk ratio: 2.155, 95 % confidence interval: 1.338−3.470). Older adults who are both socially isolated and homebound are less likely to regularly utilize medical care, which may eventually lead to serious health problems that require more intensive treatment. Measures are needed to encourage the appropriate use of medical care in these individuals to effectively manage any existing conditions.

ACS Style

Seigo Mitsutake; Takashi Koike; Tatsuro Ishizaki; Ryota Sakurai; Masashi Yasunaga; Mariko Nishi; Taro Fukaya; Erika Kobayashi; Hiroyuki Suzuki; Kumiko Nonaka; Masashige Saito; Masami Hasebe; Yoh Murayama; Yoshinori Fujiwara. Influence of co-existing social isolation and homebound status on medical care utilization and expenditure among older adults in Japan. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics 2020, 93, 104286 -104286.

AMA Style

Seigo Mitsutake, Takashi Koike, Tatsuro Ishizaki, Ryota Sakurai, Masashi Yasunaga, Mariko Nishi, Taro Fukaya, Erika Kobayashi, Hiroyuki Suzuki, Kumiko Nonaka, Masashige Saito, Masami Hasebe, Yoh Murayama, Yoshinori Fujiwara. Influence of co-existing social isolation and homebound status on medical care utilization and expenditure among older adults in Japan. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics. 2020; 93 ():104286-104286.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Seigo Mitsutake; Takashi Koike; Tatsuro Ishizaki; Ryota Sakurai; Masashi Yasunaga; Mariko Nishi; Taro Fukaya; Erika Kobayashi; Hiroyuki Suzuki; Kumiko Nonaka; Masashige Saito; Masami Hasebe; Yoh Murayama; Yoshinori Fujiwara. 2020. "Influence of co-existing social isolation and homebound status on medical care utilization and expenditure among older adults in Japan." Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics 93, no. : 104286-104286.

Journal article
Published: 28 September 2020 in Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics
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The incidence of dementia is rapidly increasing worldwide, especially in developed countries. Little is known regarding the effectiveness of dental intervention to prevent dementia or a decline in cognitive functions among community-dwelling elderly subjects, but a few studies have reported a correlation between the lack of regular dental checkups and dementia. For that reason, this study aimed to investigate the effects of oral health intervention on cognitive functions in community-dwelling subjects with a mild cognitive decline via a randomized controlled trial. Fifty-five community-dwelling elderly subjects with a Mini-Mental State Examination score of ≥21 to ≤26 who had not visited a dental clinic in the previous year were randomized to an intervention group (n = 28) or a control group (n = 29). The intervention group received monthly oral health intervention by dental hygienists for 8 months while the control group did not. Data on demographics, cognitive function and oral parameters were collected before and after the intervention. Twenty-five subjects in the intervention group (mean age 77.0 years) and 25 in the control group (mean age 72.8 years) completed the study. Significant improvements were observed in the Trail Making Test (TMT)-A, TMT-B, bleeding on probing rate, oral diadochokinesis, tongue pressure and chewing ability in the intervention group (P < 0.05). There were also significant interactions between the TMT-A and TMT-B scores, oral diadochokinesis, tongue pressure and chewing ability (P < 0.05). Oral health intervention by dental hygienists may be effective for improving the oral health and executive function of cognitive function assessed via TMT.

ACS Style

Chiaki Matsubara; Maki Shirobe; Junichi Furuya; Yutaka Watanabe; Keiko Motokawa; Ayako Edahiro; Yuki Ohara; Shuichi Awata; Hunkyung Kim; Yoshinori Fujiwara; Shuichi Obuchi; Hirohiko Hirano; Shunsuke Minakuchi. Effect of oral health intervention on cognitive decline in community-dwelling older adults: A randomized controlled trial. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics 2020, 92, 104267 .

AMA Style

Chiaki Matsubara, Maki Shirobe, Junichi Furuya, Yutaka Watanabe, Keiko Motokawa, Ayako Edahiro, Yuki Ohara, Shuichi Awata, Hunkyung Kim, Yoshinori Fujiwara, Shuichi Obuchi, Hirohiko Hirano, Shunsuke Minakuchi. Effect of oral health intervention on cognitive decline in community-dwelling older adults: A randomized controlled trial. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics. 2020; 92 ():104267.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chiaki Matsubara; Maki Shirobe; Junichi Furuya; Yutaka Watanabe; Keiko Motokawa; Ayako Edahiro; Yuki Ohara; Shuichi Awata; Hunkyung Kim; Yoshinori Fujiwara; Shuichi Obuchi; Hirohiko Hirano; Shunsuke Minakuchi. 2020. "Effect of oral health intervention on cognitive decline in community-dwelling older adults: A randomized controlled trial." Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics 92, no. : 104267.

Journal article
Published: 06 August 2020 in Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics
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Ground reaction force (GRF) during sit-to-stand motion is associated with lower extremity strength and balance function. The relationship between GRF and experience of falls has been reported; however, there are no reports on whether GRF can predict the incidence of future falls. We aimed to evaluate the ability of GRF to predict falls and compare GRF with existing predictors. This prospective observational cohort study enrolled 456 community-dwelling older adults living in Itabashi ward who participated in health check-ups in 2016 and 2017. Participants’ physical and cognitive functions were assessed, and the maximum GRF (F), F/weight (F/W), rate of force development (RFD), RFD/W (RFD/weight), and time taken to stand up were evaluated. The following year, participants were asked to report the number of falls during the year. Cox proportional hazards regression was conducted to analyze the relationship between the lowest quintile of each GRF parameter as a predictive factor for falling and assess the annual incidence of falls. Twenty-three participants reported having two or more falls in the previous year. Of all GRF parameters evaluated, only F/W was lower in the fallers than in the non-fallers. After adjusting for sex, age, lifestyle, and comorbidities, F/W was associated with falls in 1 year, and the lowest F/W group had higher risks of falls than the highest F/W group (hazard ratio 2.72, 95 % confidence interval 1.11–6.68). Other measures were not associated with falls. GRF during the sit-to-stand motion might predict the incidence of future falls.

ACS Style

Takeshi Kera; Hisashi Kawai; Junta Takahashi; Hirohiko Hirano; Yutaka Watanabe; Yoshinori Fujiwara; Kazushige Ihara; Hunkyung Kim; Shuichi Obuchi. Association between ground reaction force in sit-to-stand motion and falls in community-dwelling older Japanese individuals. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics 2020, 91, 104221 .

AMA Style

Takeshi Kera, Hisashi Kawai, Junta Takahashi, Hirohiko Hirano, Yutaka Watanabe, Yoshinori Fujiwara, Kazushige Ihara, Hunkyung Kim, Shuichi Obuchi. Association between ground reaction force in sit-to-stand motion and falls in community-dwelling older Japanese individuals. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics. 2020; 91 ():104221.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Takeshi Kera; Hisashi Kawai; Junta Takahashi; Hirohiko Hirano; Yutaka Watanabe; Yoshinori Fujiwara; Kazushige Ihara; Hunkyung Kim; Shuichi Obuchi. 2020. "Association between ground reaction force in sit-to-stand motion and falls in community-dwelling older Japanese individuals." Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics 91, no. : 104221.

Original article
Published: 03 July 2020 in Geriatrics & Gerontology International
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Aim The health benefits of paid employment in late life are understood, but they might vary according to work motives. We examined the health effects of employment among older adults, focusing on motivation. Methods We carried out a 2‐year longitudinal survey from 2013 (baseline) to 2015 (follow up). Among 7608 older adults, the analysis included 1069 who completed both surveys and were employed at baseline. Work motives were assessed using a questionnaire. Participants were assigned to groups based on their responses: (i) financial reasons; (ii) motivation other than financial reasons; and (iii) both financial and non‐financial reasons. Self‐rated health, mental health and higher‐level functional capacity were evaluated as health outcomes. Results There were group differences in baseline demographic variables and health status; those with financial reasons had lower socioeconomic status and worse mental health. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that compared with older workers with non‐financial reasons, those with financial reasons were more likely to decline in self‐rated health (OR 1.42; 95% CI 1.00–2.03) and higher‐level functional capacity (OR 1.55; 95% CI 1.16–2.07), which was independent of potential covariates, including socioeconomic status. However, no differences were evident between those with only non‐financial reasons and those having both financial and non‐financial reasons. Conclusions We found that the participants who worked only for financial rewards had reduced health benefits through working in old age. A prolonged working life among older workers can contribute to maintaining health and can be enhanced by non‐financial reasons, such as finding meaning in life and social contact. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2020; ••: ••–•• .

ACS Style

Yuta Nemoto; Tomoya Takahashi; Kumiko Nonaka; Masami Hasebe; Takashi Koike; Ushio Minami; Hiroshi Murayama; Hiroko Matsunaga; Erika Kobayashi; Yoshinori Fujiwara. Working for only financial reasons attenuates the health effects of working beyond retirement age: A 2‐year longitudinal study. Geriatrics & Gerontology International 2020, 20, 745 -751.

AMA Style

Yuta Nemoto, Tomoya Takahashi, Kumiko Nonaka, Masami Hasebe, Takashi Koike, Ushio Minami, Hiroshi Murayama, Hiroko Matsunaga, Erika Kobayashi, Yoshinori Fujiwara. Working for only financial reasons attenuates the health effects of working beyond retirement age: A 2‐year longitudinal study. Geriatrics & Gerontology International. 2020; 20 (8):745-751.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yuta Nemoto; Tomoya Takahashi; Kumiko Nonaka; Masami Hasebe; Takashi Koike; Ushio Minami; Hiroshi Murayama; Hiroko Matsunaga; Erika Kobayashi; Yoshinori Fujiwara. 2020. "Working for only financial reasons attenuates the health effects of working beyond retirement age: A 2‐year longitudinal study." Geriatrics & Gerontology International 20, no. 8: 745-751.

Article
Published: 29 June 2020 in Journal of Housing and the Built Environment
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Participating in various activities can be a strategy for successful aging and aging in place. Neighborhood characteristics such as diversity of facilities, neighborhood retention rate, and residential mobility are all assumed to be positively related to participation in various activities. This study aims to discern the relationships between the aspects of the neighborhood environment and the number of activities in which an older person engaged or participation in multiple types of activities. Data from a questionnaire completed by residents of the Itabashi Ward, linked with census survey and facility data from a geographic information system, were used. Participants included adults aged 65–84 years. We conducted hierarchical clustering to define the types of activities based on the actual community participation of older adults. The similarity of community activities was estimated using Yule’s Y and phi coefficient. Analysis involved generalized linear mixed models to address the multilevel data. A high neighborhood retention rate was found to be positively related to both the number of activities respondents engaged in and participation in multiple types of activities. A high level of diversity of facilities was positively related only to the number of activities in which respondents participated. The data showed differences in the association between various neighborhood characteristics and the likelihood of participation in many activities and multiple types of activities. This finding suggests that policy makers in dense residential areas should consider prioritizing policies that improve neighborhood environments, as a means of promoting participation in various activities.

ACS Style

Hongjik Kim; Kimihiro Hino; Yoshinori Fujiwara. The relationship between the participation of Japanese older adults in various activities and neighborhood environment. Journal of Housing and the Built Environment 2020, 36, 325 -340.

AMA Style

Hongjik Kim, Kimihiro Hino, Yoshinori Fujiwara. The relationship between the participation of Japanese older adults in various activities and neighborhood environment. Journal of Housing and the Built Environment. 2020; 36 (1):325-340.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hongjik Kim; Kimihiro Hino; Yoshinori Fujiwara. 2020. "The relationship between the participation of Japanese older adults in various activities and neighborhood environment." Journal of Housing and the Built Environment 36, no. 1: 325-340.

Journal article
Published: 15 April 2020 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Although there is evidence on the predictors of adverse health outcomes in older individuals, walking speed has typically been measured in laboratory settings (LWS); LWS may be distinct from individuals’ actual walking speed in their daily lives (DWS). We examined whether DWS differs from LWS among older adults, and its association with physical frailty. Participants were 90 community-dwelling older adults. A five-meter normal (LWSnor) and maximum (LWSmax) walking speed was measured with a stopwatch. DWS was measured using a global positioning system-related smartphone application for one month during their daily lives. DWSavr, DWSmax, and DWSsd were defined as the average, maximum, and standard deviation of walking speed for one month. Participants’ mean DWSavr and DWSmax were 1.28 m/s and 2.14 m/s, respectively, significantly slower than the mean LWSnor (1.42 m/s) and LWSmax (2.24 m/s); the intraclass correlation coefficient between DWS and LWS were 0.188 to 0.341. DWS was significantly correlated with grip strength, one-legged stance, and LWS. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of DWSsd concerning pre-frailty was largest among DWSs, at 0.615, while that of LWSnor was 0.643. The findings suggest that DWS differs from LWS and is associated with physical function and pre-frailty.

ACS Style

Hisashi Kawai; Shuichi Obuchi; Yutaka Watanabe; Hirohiko Hirano; Yoshinori Fujiwara; Kazushige Ihara; Hunkyung Kim; Yoshiyuki Kobayashi; Masaaki Mochimaru; Eiki Tsushima; Kozo Nakamura. Association between Daily Living Walking Speed and Walking Speed in Laboratory Settings in Healthy Older Adults. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 2707 .

AMA Style

Hisashi Kawai, Shuichi Obuchi, Yutaka Watanabe, Hirohiko Hirano, Yoshinori Fujiwara, Kazushige Ihara, Hunkyung Kim, Yoshiyuki Kobayashi, Masaaki Mochimaru, Eiki Tsushima, Kozo Nakamura. Association between Daily Living Walking Speed and Walking Speed in Laboratory Settings in Healthy Older Adults. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (8):2707.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hisashi Kawai; Shuichi Obuchi; Yutaka Watanabe; Hirohiko Hirano; Yoshinori Fujiwara; Kazushige Ihara; Hunkyung Kim; Yoshiyuki Kobayashi; Masaaki Mochimaru; Eiki Tsushima; Kozo Nakamura. 2020. "Association between Daily Living Walking Speed and Walking Speed in Laboratory Settings in Healthy Older Adults." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 8: 2707.

Journal article
Published: 31 March 2020 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Recent research has suggested that the breadth and evenness of activity and activity diversity contribute to health outcomes among older adults. However, few established assessment tools for activity diversity have been developed. This study developed an Activity Diversity Questionnaire (ADQ) for older adults through expert consultation and a preliminary survey among 18 community-dwelling older adults. The diversity score was calculated according to Shannon’s entropy. In study 1, the intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) of the diversity scores were determined for community-dwelling older adults (n = 30). In study 2, concurrent validity was tested with participants receiving comprehensive health checkups at the Itabashi ward in Japan in 2018 (n = 766). The correlation coefficients of the diversity scores were then calculated in reference to the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of Competence and Japan Science and Technology Agency Index of Competence. The final version of the ADQ consisted of 20 total items with excellent test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.84) and moderate correlations with both the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of Competence and Japan Science and Technology Agency Index of Competence (r = 0.48 and 0.60, respectively). The ADQ was developed through scientific procedures and revealed sufficient reliability and validity. As such, it is a scientifically validated tool for assessing activity diversity among older adults.

ACS Style

Junta Takahashi; Hisashi Kawai; Hiroyuki Suzuki; Yoshinori Fujiwara; Yutaka Watanabe; Hirohiko Hirano; Hunkyung Kim; Kazushige Ihara; Kaori Ishii; Koichiro Oka; Shuichi Obuchi. Reliability and Validity of the Activity Diversity Questionnaire for Older Adults in Japan. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 2384 .

AMA Style

Junta Takahashi, Hisashi Kawai, Hiroyuki Suzuki, Yoshinori Fujiwara, Yutaka Watanabe, Hirohiko Hirano, Hunkyung Kim, Kazushige Ihara, Kaori Ishii, Koichiro Oka, Shuichi Obuchi. Reliability and Validity of the Activity Diversity Questionnaire for Older Adults in Japan. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (7):2384.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Junta Takahashi; Hisashi Kawai; Hiroyuki Suzuki; Yoshinori Fujiwara; Yutaka Watanabe; Hirohiko Hirano; Hunkyung Kim; Kazushige Ihara; Kaori Ishii; Koichiro Oka; Shuichi Obuchi. 2020. "Reliability and Validity of the Activity Diversity Questionnaire for Older Adults in Japan." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 7: 2384.

Review
Published: 12 March 2020 in Ageing Research Reviews
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To examine the association of living alone with frailty in cross-sectional and longitudinal studies by a systematic review and meta-analysis. Systematic review and meta-analysis. Community-dwelling older adults with a mean age of >60 years. A systematic search of the literature was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. We searched PubMed in February 2019 without language restriction for cohort studies that examined the associations between living alone and frailty. The reference lists of the relevant articles and the included articles were reviewed for additional studies. We calculated pooled odds ratios (OR) of the presence and incidence of frailty for living alone from cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. Among the 203 studies identified, data of 44 cross-sectional studies (46 cohorts) and 6 longitudinal studies were included in this review. The meta-analysis showed that older adults living alone were more likely to be frail than those who were not (46 cohorts: pooled OR = 1.28, 95 % confidence interval (CI) = 1.13–1.45, p < 0.001). Gender-stratified analysis showed that only men living alone were at an increased risk of being frail (20 cohorts: pooled OR = 1.71, 95 %CI = 1.49–1.96), while women were not (22 cohorts: pooled OR = 1.00, 95 %CI = 0.83–1.20). No significant association was observed in a meta-analysis of longitudinal studies (6 cohorts: pooled OR = 0.88, 95 %CI = 0.76–1.03). The present systematic review and meta-analysis showed a significant cross-sectional association between living alone and frailty, especially in men. However, living alone did not predict incident frailty. More studies controlling for important confounders, such as social networks, are needed to further enhance our understanding of how living alone is associated with frailty among older adults.

ACS Style

Gotaro Kojima; Yu Taniguchi; Akihiko Kitamura; Yoshinori Fujiwara. Is living alone a risk factor of frailty? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Ageing Research Reviews 2020, 59, 101048 .

AMA Style

Gotaro Kojima, Yu Taniguchi, Akihiko Kitamura, Yoshinori Fujiwara. Is living alone a risk factor of frailty? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Ageing Research Reviews. 2020; 59 ():101048.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gotaro Kojima; Yu Taniguchi; Akihiko Kitamura; Yoshinori Fujiwara. 2020. "Is living alone a risk factor of frailty? A systematic review and meta-analysis." Ageing Research Reviews 59, no. : 101048.

Journal article
Published: 18 October 2019 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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This study aimed to examine area differences in the prevalence of and factors associated with frailty. This cross-sectional study included metropolitan (eastern and western areas), suburban (districts A and B), and rural areas of Japan (n = 9182, woman 50.9%). Frailty was defined by using a standardized questionnaire comprising three subcategories (fall, nutritional status, and social activities). The prevalence of frailty in the five areas was 14.2% to 30.6% for men and 11.5% to 21.4% for women. The areas with a high frailty prevalence had a significantly lower nutritional status or social activity, or both. Compared to the western metropolitan area, among men, the multivariable-adjusted prevalence ratio (APR) of frailty was significantly higher in the eastern metropolitan area and lower in suburban district A, and among women, the eastern metropolitan and rural areas had significantly higher APRs. Area-stratified multiple Poisson regression analysis showed that age, bone and joint disease, and a subjective economic status were associated with frailty in most areas and that some factors were area-specific, i.e., living alone (for men living in metropolitan areas) and underweight (for women living in suburban areas). The frailty prevalence differed by area, even after multivariable adjustment. Area-specific characteristics and factors associated with frailty may result in area differences.

ACS Style

Takumi Abe; Akihiko Kitamura; Satoshi Seino; Yuri Yokoyama; Hidenori Amano; Yu Taniguchi; Mariko Nishi; Miki Narita; Tomoko Ikeuchi; Yui Tomine; Yoshinori Fujiwara; Shoji Shinkai. Differences in the Prevalence of and Factors Associated with Frailty in Five Japanese Residential Areas. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2019, 16, 3974 .

AMA Style

Takumi Abe, Akihiko Kitamura, Satoshi Seino, Yuri Yokoyama, Hidenori Amano, Yu Taniguchi, Mariko Nishi, Miki Narita, Tomoko Ikeuchi, Yui Tomine, Yoshinori Fujiwara, Shoji Shinkai. Differences in the Prevalence of and Factors Associated with Frailty in Five Japanese Residential Areas. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16 (20):3974.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Takumi Abe; Akihiko Kitamura; Satoshi Seino; Yuri Yokoyama; Hidenori Amano; Yu Taniguchi; Mariko Nishi; Miki Narita; Tomoko Ikeuchi; Yui Tomine; Yoshinori Fujiwara; Shoji Shinkai. 2019. "Differences in the Prevalence of and Factors Associated with Frailty in Five Japanese Residential Areas." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 20: 3974.

Journal article
Published: 24 September 2019 in Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics
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The SARC-F is a recommended screening tool for sarcopenia; however, its sensitivity is reported to be very low. This study aimed to confirm the diagnostic efficacy of the SARC-F and whether it is affected by population characteristics. In this study, 2 cohorts of 1060 community-dwelling older adults, who were monitored by the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, were included. In addition to the overall dataset, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to obtain the SARC-F results for sarcopenia among the datasets for only those older in age (over 75 years), those with higher frailty points (above the median total score for the Kihon Checklist points), those with lower grip strength (below the median), lower gait speed (below the median), and those with comorbidities (hypertension, cerebral vascular disease, heart disease, and diabetes mellitus). In the overall dataset, sensitivity and specificity were 3.9% and 97.3%, respectively. In analyzing the area under the curve, sensitivity and specificity for older age and low physical function datasets were significant, but had low values. The diabetes dataset had higher values but did not effectively diagnose sarcopenia at a cutoff value of 4. The SARC-F had high specificity for the diagnosis of sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults with low physical function. However, its sensitivity was low. Despite these limitations, it may be used as a screening tool for sarcopenia in selected populations, such as adults in hospitals or nursing homes.

ACS Style

Takeshi Kera; Hisashi Kawai; Hirohiko Hirano; Motonaga Kojima; Yutaka Watanabe; Keiko Motokawa; Yoshinori Fujiwara; Yosuke Osuka; Narumi Kojima; Hunkyung Kim; Kazushige Ihara; Shuichi Obuchi. Limitations of SARC-F in the diagnosis of sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics 2019, 87, 103959 .

AMA Style

Takeshi Kera, Hisashi Kawai, Hirohiko Hirano, Motonaga Kojima, Yutaka Watanabe, Keiko Motokawa, Yoshinori Fujiwara, Yosuke Osuka, Narumi Kojima, Hunkyung Kim, Kazushige Ihara, Shuichi Obuchi. Limitations of SARC-F in the diagnosis of sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics. 2019; 87 ():103959.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Takeshi Kera; Hisashi Kawai; Hirohiko Hirano; Motonaga Kojima; Yutaka Watanabe; Keiko Motokawa; Yoshinori Fujiwara; Yosuke Osuka; Narumi Kojima; Hunkyung Kim; Kazushige Ihara; Shuichi Obuchi. 2019. "Limitations of SARC-F in the diagnosis of sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults." Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics 87, no. : 103959.

Journal article
Published: 06 February 2019 in BMC Public Health
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Over the last several decades, social isolation and loneliness among older adults have posed an increasingly urgent challenge due to the rapidly aging population in Japan. To remedy the situation, many communities have introduced intergenerational programs. However, few studies have investigated the benefits of social capital across generations as a result of intergenerational interaction between children and older generations. Therefore, we aim to ascertain the degree to which intergenerational programs that take root in a community will affect the social capital of all generations in the community. We focus our research on one specific program, REPRINTS, an intergenerational health promotion program for older adults that has been active for over 10 years in Tama Ward, Kawasaki City, Kanagawa Prefecture. We conducted a population-based cross-sectional study of residents between the ages of 20 and 84 years who were randomly selected from the basic resident register. Approximately 2500 residents were selected, of which 978 responded; data from 891 respondents were analyzed. Hierarchical linear modeling suggests that the duration of programs was a significant community-level indicator of neighborhood trust. At the individual level, people between 30 and 59 years of age and people over 60 years of age have more positive effects on neighborhood trust than do people between 20 and 39 years of age. The ongoing intergenerational programs between older citizens and children can enforce neighborhood trust, thus strengthening a community’s intergenerational ties. The REPRINTS program has been developed through cooperation with local citizens, senior volunteers, and teachers from the community. Its collaborative nature ensures longevity and continuous growth in a community. It is challenging to create long-term intergenerational programs that take root in communities, making persistence and collaboration a crucial factor in fruitful intergenerational relationships. Overall, ongoing intergenerational program implementation associates with building social capital, thereby strengthening potential intergenerational ties and promote mutual support among local residents which will reduce or prevent social isolation among older.

ACS Style

Yoh Murayama; Hiroshi Murayama; Masami Hasebe; Jun Yamaguchi; Yoshinori Fujiwara. The impact of intergenerational programs on social capital in Japan: a randomized population-based cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2019, 19, 1 -9.

AMA Style

Yoh Murayama, Hiroshi Murayama, Masami Hasebe, Jun Yamaguchi, Yoshinori Fujiwara. The impact of intergenerational programs on social capital in Japan: a randomized population-based cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health. 2019; 19 (1):1-9.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yoh Murayama; Hiroshi Murayama; Masami Hasebe; Jun Yamaguchi; Yoshinori Fujiwara. 2019. "The impact of intergenerational programs on social capital in Japan: a randomized population-based cross-sectional study." BMC Public Health 19, no. 1: 1-9.

Observational study
Published: 06 November 2018 in BMC Geriatrics
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Although frailty and cognitive impairment are critical risk factors for disability and mortality in the general population of older inhabitants, the prevalence and incidence of these factors in individuals treated in the specialty outpatient clinics are unknown. We recently established a frailty clinic for comprehensive assessments of conditions such as frailty, sarcopenia, and cognition, and planned 3-year prospective observational study to identify the risk factors for progression of these aging-related statuses. To date, we recruited 323 patients who revealed symptoms suggestive of frailty mainly from a specialty outpatient clinic of cardiology and diabetes. Frailty status was diagnosed by the modified Cardiovascular Health Study (mCHS) criteria and some other scales. Cognitive function was assessed by Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Japanese version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-J), and some other modalities. Sarcopenia was defined by the criteria of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS). In this report, we outlined our frailty clinic and analyzed the background characteristics of the subjects. Most patients reported hypertension (78%), diabetes mellitus (57%), or dyslipidemia (63%), and cardiovascular disease and probable heart failure also had a higher prevalence. The prevalence of frailty diagnosed according to the mCHS criteria, cognitive impairment defined by MMSE (≤27) and MoCA-J (≤25), and of AWGS-defined sarcopenia were 24, 41, and 84, and 31%, respectively. The prevalence of frailty and cognitive impairment increased with aging, whereas the increase in sarcopenia prevalence plateaued after the age of 80 years. No significant differences were observed in the prevalence of frailty, cognitive impairment, and sarcopenia between the groups with and without diabetes mellitus, hypertension, or dyslipidemia with a few exceptions, presumably due to the high-risk subjects who had multiple cardiovascular comorbidities. A majority of the frail and sarcopenic patients revealed cognitive impairment, whereas the frequency of suspected dementia among these patients were both approximately 20%. We found a high prevalence of frailty, cognitive impairment, and sarcopenia in patients with cardiometabolic disease in our frailty clinic. Comprehensive assessment of the high-risk patients could be useful to identify the risk factors for progression of frailty and cognitive decline.

ACS Style

Yoshiaki Tamura; Joji Ishikawa; Yoshinori Fujiwara; Masashi Tanaka; Nobuo Kanazawa; Yuko Chiba; Ai Iizuka; Sho Kaito; Jun Tanaka; Masamitsu Sugie; Takashi Nishimura; Akiko Kanemaru; Keigo Shimoji; Hirohiko Hirano; Ko Furuta; Akihiko Kitamura; Satoshi Seino; Shoji Shinkai; Kazumasa Harada; Shunei Kyo; Hideki Ito; Atsushi Araki. Prevalence of frailty, cognitive impairment, and sarcopenia in outpatients with cardiometabolic disease in a frailty clinic. BMC Geriatrics 2018, 18, 1 -11.

AMA Style

Yoshiaki Tamura, Joji Ishikawa, Yoshinori Fujiwara, Masashi Tanaka, Nobuo Kanazawa, Yuko Chiba, Ai Iizuka, Sho Kaito, Jun Tanaka, Masamitsu Sugie, Takashi Nishimura, Akiko Kanemaru, Keigo Shimoji, Hirohiko Hirano, Ko Furuta, Akihiko Kitamura, Satoshi Seino, Shoji Shinkai, Kazumasa Harada, Shunei Kyo, Hideki Ito, Atsushi Araki. Prevalence of frailty, cognitive impairment, and sarcopenia in outpatients with cardiometabolic disease in a frailty clinic. BMC Geriatrics. 2018; 18 (1):1-11.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yoshiaki Tamura; Joji Ishikawa; Yoshinori Fujiwara; Masashi Tanaka; Nobuo Kanazawa; Yuko Chiba; Ai Iizuka; Sho Kaito; Jun Tanaka; Masamitsu Sugie; Takashi Nishimura; Akiko Kanemaru; Keigo Shimoji; Hirohiko Hirano; Ko Furuta; Akihiko Kitamura; Satoshi Seino; Shoji Shinkai; Kazumasa Harada; Shunei Kyo; Hideki Ito; Atsushi Araki. 2018. "Prevalence of frailty, cognitive impairment, and sarcopenia in outpatients with cardiometabolic disease in a frailty clinic." BMC Geriatrics 18, no. 1: 1-11.

Journal article
Published: 24 August 2018 in BMC Geriatrics
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An association between handgrip strength, hand dexterity and global cognition is suggested; however, it is unclear whether both hand motor functions are associated with executive function, which is important for performing daily activities. Understanding this association will help identify motor risk factors for impairment of executive function in late adulthood. We aim to investigate the relationship of handgrip strength and hand dexterity with executive function in physically and mentally healthy community-dwelling older adults. Three hundred and twenty-six older adults (287 women, mean age ± SD, 70.1 ± 5.6) underwent handgrip strength and hand dexterity tests using a hand dynamometer and the Purdue Pegboard Test (PPT), respectively. Executive function was evaluated with the Trail Making Test (TMT)-A, TMT-B and Digit symbol; global cognition was assessed with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Age-group differences showed that the younger groups (60-64, 65-69 and 70-74) had a significant better PPT and executive function performance than the oldest group (75 and older), whereas no significant age differences were observed for handgrip strength. Multiple regression analysis adjusted for potential covariates, including MMSE scores, showed that TMT-A, TMT-B, and Digit symbol were significantly associated with PPT scores; however, no significant association was observed between executive function variables and handgrip strength. Hand dexterity is vulnerable to the effects of aging and, contrary to handgrip strength, it strongly associates with executive function, independent of global cognition. Our results suggest that assessing hand dexterity may help identify individuals at higher risk of impairment of executive function among high-functioning older adults.

ACS Style

Kimi Estela Kobayashi-Cuya; Ryota Sakurai; Naoko Sakuma; Hiroyuki Suzuki; Masashi Yasunaga; Susumu Ogawa; Toru Takebayashi; Yoshinori Fujiwara. Hand dexterity, not handgrip strength, is associated with executive function in Japanese community-dwelling older adults: a cross-sectional study. BMC Geriatrics 2018, 18, 192 .

AMA Style

Kimi Estela Kobayashi-Cuya, Ryota Sakurai, Naoko Sakuma, Hiroyuki Suzuki, Masashi Yasunaga, Susumu Ogawa, Toru Takebayashi, Yoshinori Fujiwara. Hand dexterity, not handgrip strength, is associated with executive function in Japanese community-dwelling older adults: a cross-sectional study. BMC Geriatrics. 2018; 18 (1):192.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kimi Estela Kobayashi-Cuya; Ryota Sakurai; Naoko Sakuma; Hiroyuki Suzuki; Masashi Yasunaga; Susumu Ogawa; Toru Takebayashi; Yoshinori Fujiwara. 2018. "Hand dexterity, not handgrip strength, is associated with executive function in Japanese community-dwelling older adults: a cross-sectional study." BMC Geriatrics 18, no. 1: 192.

Original article
Published: 12 July 2018 in Geriatrics & Gerontology International
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Aim Identifying factors that influence participation in social group activities in older adults might be helpful in promoting social participation in this population. We examined factors related to new or continuous participation in social group activities according to group type. Methods We carried out a community‐based, longitudinal study with a 2‐year follow‐up period. Of 7608 older adults aged ≥65 years, 3380 completed the follow‐up survey and were included in the analysis. We examined private group (hobbies, sports and volunteering; PrG) and public group (neighborhood associations and senior citizen clubs; PuG) activity. Results For PrG, 39.6% of the participants were engaged at baseline, 25.5% initiated participation and 9.5% withdrew during the study period. For PuG, 20.8% of the participants were engaged at baseline, 10.8% initiated participation and 31.5% withdrew during the study period. Logistic regression analysis showed mental health, self‐rated health, employment, relationships with neighbors, subjective economic status, educational attainment and participation in PuG were related to new participation in PrG. Mental health, employment and relationships with neighbors were significantly related to continuous participation. For PuG, mental health, sex and relationships with neighbors were significantly related to new participation, whereas sex, relationships with neighbors and educational attainment were related to continuous participation. Conclusions The rate of new and continuous participation in PrG was higher than that in PuG, and different related factors were identified as existing between social group types. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2018; 18: 1259–1266.

ACS Style

Yuta Nemoto; Kumiko Nonaka; Masami Hasebe; Takashi Koike; Ushio Minami; Yoh Murayama; Hiroshi Murayama; Hiroko Matsunaga; Taro Fukaya; Erika Kobayashi; Kazushi Maruo; Yoshinori Fujiwara. Factors that promote new or continuous participation in social group activity among Japanese community-dwelling older adults: A 2-year longitudinal study. Geriatrics & Gerontology International 2018, 18, 1259 -1266.

AMA Style

Yuta Nemoto, Kumiko Nonaka, Masami Hasebe, Takashi Koike, Ushio Minami, Yoh Murayama, Hiroshi Murayama, Hiroko Matsunaga, Taro Fukaya, Erika Kobayashi, Kazushi Maruo, Yoshinori Fujiwara. Factors that promote new or continuous participation in social group activity among Japanese community-dwelling older adults: A 2-year longitudinal study. Geriatrics & Gerontology International. 2018; 18 (8):1259-1266.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yuta Nemoto; Kumiko Nonaka; Masami Hasebe; Takashi Koike; Ushio Minami; Yoh Murayama; Hiroshi Murayama; Hiroko Matsunaga; Taro Fukaya; Erika Kobayashi; Kazushi Maruo; Yoshinori Fujiwara. 2018. "Factors that promote new or continuous participation in social group activity among Japanese community-dwelling older adults: A 2-year longitudinal study." Geriatrics & Gerontology International 18, no. 8: 1259-1266.

Journal article
Published: 06 June 2018 in Lipids in Health and Disease
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Aging is known to be associated with increased risk of lipid disorders related to the development of type 2 diabetes. Recent evidence revealed that change of lipid molecule species in blood is associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes. However, changes in lipid molecular species induced by aging are still unknown. We assessed the effects of age on the serum levels of lipid molecular species as determined by lipidomics analysis. Serum samples were collected from ten elderly men (71.7 ± 0.5 years old) and women (70.2 ± 1.0 years old), ten young men (23.9 ± 0.4 years old), and women (23.9 ± 0.7 years old). Serum levels of lipid molecular species were determined by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry-based lipidomics analysis. Our mass spectrometry analysis revealed increases in the levels of multiple triacylglycerol molecular species in the serum of elderly men and women. Moreover, serum levels of total ester-linked phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) were increased by aging. In contrast, serum levels of specific ether-linked PC and PE molecular species were lower in elderly individuals than in young individuals. Our finding indicates that specific lipid molecular species, such as ether- and ester- linked phospholipids, may be selectively altered by aging.

ACS Style

Noriaki Kawanishi; Yuki Kato; Kyosuke Yokozeki; Shuji Sawada; Ryota Sakurai; Yoshinori Fujiwara; Shoji Shinkai; Nobuhito Goda; Katsuhiko Suzuki. Effects of aging on serum levels of lipid molecular species as determined by lipidomics analysis in Japanese men and women. Lipids in Health and Disease 2018, 17, 1 -8.

AMA Style

Noriaki Kawanishi, Yuki Kato, Kyosuke Yokozeki, Shuji Sawada, Ryota Sakurai, Yoshinori Fujiwara, Shoji Shinkai, Nobuhito Goda, Katsuhiko Suzuki. Effects of aging on serum levels of lipid molecular species as determined by lipidomics analysis in Japanese men and women. Lipids in Health and Disease. 2018; 17 (1):1-8.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Noriaki Kawanishi; Yuki Kato; Kyosuke Yokozeki; Shuji Sawada; Ryota Sakurai; Yoshinori Fujiwara; Shoji Shinkai; Nobuhito Goda; Katsuhiko Suzuki. 2018. "Effects of aging on serum levels of lipid molecular species as determined by lipidomics analysis in Japanese men and women." Lipids in Health and Disease 17, no. 1: 1-8.