Aims We hypothesized that omega-3 fatty acids would be an appropriate adjunct therapy for alleviating the inflammatory response and clinical manifestation in hospitalized patients with Covid-19 disease. Methods This was a single-blind randomized controlled trial in Amir-Alam hospital in Tehran. Thirty adult men and women diagnosed with Covid-19 were allocated to either control group (receiving Hydroxychloroquine) or intervention group (receiving Hydroxychloroquine plus 2 grams of Docosahexaenoic acid [DHA]+ Eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA]) for 2 weeks. Primary outcome of the intervention including C-reactive protein (CRP), Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) as well as clinical symptoms including body pain, fatigue, appetite and olfactory and secondary outcomes including liver enzymes were determined at the baseline and after omega-3 supplementation. Clinical signs were measured using self-reported questionnaires. There were commercial kits for determination of CRP and liver enzymes concentrations in the serum of patients. For determination of ESR automated hematology analyzer was applied. The study of “Comparison of the effectiveness of omega-3 and Hydroxychloroquine on Inflammatory factors, liver enzymes and clinical symptoms in diabetic Covid-19 patients” was registered in Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT) with ID number: IRCT20200511047399N1 Results In comparison to control group, patients receiving omega-3 indicated favorable changes in all clinical symptoms except for olfactory (p<0.001 for body pain and fatigue, p= 0.03 for appetite and p=0.21 for olfactory). Reducing effects of omega-3 supplementation compared to control group were also observed in the levels of ESR and CRP after treatment (p0.05). Conclusion Current observations are very promising and indicate that supplementation with moderate dosages of omega-3 fatty acids may be beneficial in the management of inflammation-mediated clinical symptoms in Covid-19 patients.

Abstract: Background: Migraine is an episodic headache that endothelial disorder and neuro inflammation basic. Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1(ICAM-1) as an endothelial factor lead to adhesion of leukocytes to the walls of cerebral blood vessels which it’s an important step in the inflammation process. Curcumin and omega-3 fatty acids by affecting on transcription factors can regulate the gene expression and serum level of ICAM-1.Thus we aimed to evaluate synergistic effects of ω-3 fatty acids and nano-curcumin on ICAM-1 gene expression and serum levels in migraine patients. Method: this clinical trial study was conducted on 72 episodic migraine patients in 4 groups for 2 month and patients received ω-3 fatty acids, nano-curcumin, and combination of them or placebo during study. At the beginning and end of the study, the gene expression and serum level of ICAM-1 was measured by real-time PCR and ELISA method. Result: Our results showed No significant change in ICAM-1 gene expression in none of 4 groups. The ICAM-1 serum concentration in combination group and omega-3 alone show a significant reduction at the end of the study compared to the beginning. In addition, significant reduction in attack frequency was observed in the combination group. Conclusion: considering to our result supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids plus curcumin lead to reduction of both attack frequency and ICAM-1 serum level in patients. It seems that supplementation with these two nutrients, not only lead to improve the function of metabolic pathways, but also can be used effectively as a treatment or prevention of migraine complications.

Objective: The purpose of this clinical trial was to examine the effect of omega-3 fatty acids (W-3 FAs), nanocurcumin and their combination on serum levels and gene expression of VCAM in patients with episodic migraine.Results: In this study, 80 patients were randomly divided in to 4 groups to receive for 2 months. Both serum levels and gene expression of VCAM showed remarkable decreases after single W-3 and after combined W-3 and nanocurcumin interventions. However, a borderline significant change and no remarkable change were observed after single nanocurcumin supplementation and in control group, respectively. While a significant difference between study groups in VCAM concentrations existed, there was no meaningful difference in VCAM gene expression among groups. It appears that the W-3 and combined W-3 and nanocurcumin can relieve VCAM serum level and its gene expression in patients with episodic migraine. Moreover, the combination of W-3 with nanocurcumin might cause more significant declines in VCAM level in the serum of migraine patients than when W-3 is administered alone.Trial Registration: This study was registered in Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT) with ID number: NCT02532023.

Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the effects of nano-curcumin supplementation on adipokines levels and clinical signs in obese and overweight patients with migraine. Results: Forty-four patients with episodic migraine participated in this clinical trial and were divided into two groups nano-curcumin (80 mg/day) and the control group over 2-month period. At the baseline and the end of the research, the serum levels of MCP-1, Resistin, and Visfatin were measured using the ELISA method. In addition, the headache attack frequencies, severity, and duration of pain were recorded. The results of the present study showed that nano-curcumin can significantly reduce MCP-1 serum levels in the nano-curcumin supplemented group (P = 0.015, size effect = 13.4%). In the case of resistin and visfatin, nano-curcumin supplementation exerted no statistically significant changes in serum levels (P > 0.05). Nano-curcumin also significantly reduced the attack frequencies, severity, and duration of headaches (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that targeting curcumin can be a promising approach to migraine management. However, further comprehensive human trials are needed to confirm these findings. Trial Registration: This study was registered in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT) with ID number: IRCT20160626028637N2 on the date 2020-07-10.