Computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) and other risk stratification systems may improve ultrasound image interpretation. This prospective study aimed to compare the diagnostic performance of CAD and the European Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (EU-TIRADS) classification applied by physicians with S-Detect 2 software CAD based on Korean Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (K-TIRADS) and combinations of both methods (MODELs 1 to 5). In all, 133 nodules from 88 patients referred to thyroidectomy with available histopathology or with unambiguous results of cytology were included. The S-Detect system, EU-TIRADS, and mixed MODELs 1–5 for the diagnosis of thyroid cancer showed a sensitivity of 89.4%, 90.9%, 84.9%, 95.5%, 93.9%, 78.9% and 93.9%; a specificity of 80.6%, 61.2%, 88.1%, 53.7%, 73.1%, 89.6% and 80.6%; a positive predictive value of 81.9%, 69.8%, 87.5%, 67%, 77.5%, 88.1% and 82.7%; a negative predictive value of 88.5%, 87.2%, 85.5%, 92.3%, 92.5%, 81.1% and 93.1%; and an accuracy of 85%, 75.9%, 86.5%, 74.4%, 83.5%, 84.2%, and 87.2%, respectively. Comparison showed superiority of the similar MODELs 1 and 5 over other mixed models as well as EU-TIRADS and S-Detect used alone (p-value < 0.05). S-Detect software is characterized with high sensitivity and good specificity, whereas EU-TIRADS has high sensitivity, but rather low specificity. The best diagnostic performance in malignant thyroid nodule (TN) risk stratification was obtained for the combined model of S-Detect (“possibly malignant” nodule) and simultaneously obtaining 4 or 5 points (MODEL 1) or exactly 5 points (MODEL 5) on the EU-TIRADS scale.

The golden standard of infantile digital fibromatosis treatment has not been established. This publication aims to present the process of sustained treatment of a 4-month-old boy with a red, firm, swollen, painless tumor of the third and fourth right toes and syndactyly of these. The lesion was surgically resected due to continued growth, but after 1 year of observation, local recurrence was noticed and an observational approach was implemented with satisfactory effect.

Accidental carotid cannulation using a large-bore catheter is one of the complications of central venous catheter insertion, reported in 1 % of performed procedures. Management of arterial catheterization contains direct manual compression, endovascular treatment, and open surgical repair. Inadvertent arterial cannulation can lead to hemorrhage, pseudoaneurysm, arteriovenous fistula, stroke or death. Mechanical removal of thrombotic material is presently the most effective method of stroke treatment. Rapid and early restoration of blood flow is crucial for the improvement of the neurological condition. This report describes a case of a patient with signs of severe stroke after management of accidental carotid catheterization using balloon tamponade. Aspiration thrombectomy was successfully performed to manage acute ischaemia of the brain.