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Francesca Pagliaro
Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Via Anguillarese 301, 00123 Rome, Italy

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Energy Efficiency
NZEB and ZEB

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Journal article
Published: 13 May 2021 in Energies
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Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) is a crucial issue in school buildings, because of the conditions that pupils and students are exposed to. From this assumption, potentialities of retrofit actions with Nearly Zero-Energy Building (NZEB) targets were analyzed in existing school buildings, focusing on the impact of such measures of IEQ. Numerical analyses in a transient regime for a typical school building were carried out to assess the impacts on the thermal comfort and Indoor Air Quality (IAQ). The study took into account several building configurations and three reference cities. The results showed severe overheating risks in retrofitted schools: the operative temperature increased by several degrees with respect to the existing configuration, leading to thermal discomfort for a relevant part of the observation period. Passive techniques, namely external solar protection devices and night ventilative cooling, were applied to assess their mitigation potential. Results showed that the combination of the two solutions restored the pre-retrofit performance. CO2 levels were found to be too high for naturally ventilated buildings, regardless of the building configuration; acceptable levels might be reached only with long opening times of windows, which are unrealistic for real building operation.

ACS Style

Michele Zinzi; Francesca Pagliaro; Stefano Agnoli; Fabio Bisegna; Domenico Iatauro. On the Built-Environment Quality in Nearly Zero-Energy Renovated Schools: Assessment and Impact of Passive Strategies. Energies 2021, 14, 2799 .

AMA Style

Michele Zinzi, Francesca Pagliaro, Stefano Agnoli, Fabio Bisegna, Domenico Iatauro. On the Built-Environment Quality in Nearly Zero-Energy Renovated Schools: Assessment and Impact of Passive Strategies. Energies. 2021; 14 (10):2799.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Michele Zinzi; Francesca Pagliaro; Stefano Agnoli; Fabio Bisegna; Domenico Iatauro. 2021. "On the Built-Environment Quality in Nearly Zero-Energy Renovated Schools: Assessment and Impact of Passive Strategies." Energies 14, no. 10: 2799.

Review article
Published: 29 July 2018 in Advances in Meteorology
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Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is currently used in the environmental field to simulate flow and dispersion of pollutants around buildings. However, the closure assumptions of the turbulence usually employed in CFD codes are not always physically based and adequate for all the flow regimes relating to practical applications. The starting point of this work is the performance assessment of the V2F (i.e., v2¯ − f) model implemented in Ansys Fluent for simulating the flow field in an idealized array of two-dimensional canyons. The V2F model has been used in the past to predict low-speed and wall-bounded flows, but it has never been used to simulate airflows in urban street canyons. The numerical results are validated against experimental data collected in the water channel and compared with other turbulence models incorporated in Ansys Fluent (i.e., variations of both k-ε and k-ω models and the Reynolds stress model). The results show that the V2F model provides the best prediction of the flow field for two flow regimes commonly found in urban canopies. The V2F model is also employed to quantify the air-exchange rate (ACH) for a series of two-dimensional building arrangements, such as step-up and step-down configurations, having different aspect ratios and relative heights of the buildings. The results show a clear dependence of the ACH on the latter two parameters and highlight the role played by the turbulence in the exchange of air mass, particularly important for the step-down configurations, when the ventilation associated with the mean flow is generally poor.

ACS Style

Fabio Nardecchia; Annalisa DI Bernardino; Francesca Pagliaro; Paolo Monti; Giovanni Leuzzi; Luca Gugliermetti. CFD Analysis of Urban Canopy Flows Employing the V2F Model: Impact of Different Aspect Ratios and Relative Heights. Advances in Meteorology 2018, 2018, 1 -16.

AMA Style

Fabio Nardecchia, Annalisa DI Bernardino, Francesca Pagliaro, Paolo Monti, Giovanni Leuzzi, Luca Gugliermetti. CFD Analysis of Urban Canopy Flows Employing the V2F Model: Impact of Different Aspect Ratios and Relative Heights. Advances in Meteorology. 2018; 2018 ():1-16.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fabio Nardecchia; Annalisa DI Bernardino; Francesca Pagliaro; Paolo Monti; Giovanni Leuzzi; Luca Gugliermetti. 2018. "CFD Analysis of Urban Canopy Flows Employing the V2F Model: Impact of Different Aspect Ratios and Relative Heights." Advances in Meteorology 2018, no. : 1-16.

Journal article
Published: 01 December 2017 in Energy Procedia
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Energy retrofit projects following nearly zero-energy buildings (nZEB) requirements often pay a little attention to Indoor Environmental Quality of the building. This aspect is extremely important in school buildings, as they are frequented mostly by young people, who are affected more by a healthy environment. In this context, starting from a reference case, overheating risks in existing school buildings considered for energy renovation were investigated through TRNSYS 16. Four building configurations were evaluated (existing, nZEB, nZEB with external shadings, nZEB with external shadings and night ventilation) and the influence of several parameters was taken into account (climate, orientation, building level). The aim of this paper is to understand if nZEB standards applied to Italian school buildings guarantee good indoor thermal conditions and which building configuration can be more advantaged by these standards. Furthermore, even if overheating risk is qualitatively recognized in insulated and air tight buildings, quantitative assessments are still missing for the Italian building stock. The intent of this research is to provide preliminary data on this topic in order to lead to a more conscious choice of retrofit strategies as a compromise between energy performances and indoor environmental quality.

ACS Style

Michele Zinzi; Francesca Pagliaro; Stefano Agnoli; Fabio Bisegna; Domenico Iatauro. Assessing the overheating risks in Italian existing school buildings renovated with nZEB targets. Energy Procedia 2017, 142, 2517 -2524.

AMA Style

Michele Zinzi, Francesca Pagliaro, Stefano Agnoli, Fabio Bisegna, Domenico Iatauro. Assessing the overheating risks in Italian existing school buildings renovated with nZEB targets. Energy Procedia. 2017; 142 ():2517-2524.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Michele Zinzi; Francesca Pagliaro; Stefano Agnoli; Fabio Bisegna; Domenico Iatauro. 2017. "Assessing the overheating risks in Italian existing school buildings renovated with nZEB targets." Energy Procedia 142, no. : 2517-2524.

Conference paper
Published: 19 July 2017 in Transactions on Petri Nets and Other Models of Concurrency XV
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A model for the calculation of Potential Ecological Network at regional level has been presented in this paper. Through the use of GIS techniques and Natural Protected Areas and Land Use Map GIS datasets, the proposed model links two Ecological Network approaches (Species-Specific and Land Units) using the Least - Cost Path (LCP) algorithm. The nodes of the Ecological Potential Network have been analyzed using the Graph Theory. Specific GIS workflows have been set up to model the ecological connectivity in problematic mapping conditions, such as under road bridges and on the riverbanks. The main workflow requires a rasterization of the input datasets to allow the LCP algorithm application. The variations of the pixel resolution have been analyzed in terms of accuracy of the output and computation time of the model. The results underline an emerging property of Potential Ecological Networks, the Secondary Nodes, which are a set of nodes at the intersection of Linkages built by the LCP algorithm.

ACS Style

Andrea Fiduccia; Francesca Pagliaro; Luca Gugliermetti; Leonardo Filesi. A GIS-Based Model for the Analysis of Ecological Connectivity. Transactions on Petri Nets and Other Models of Concurrency XV 2017, 10407, 600 -612.

AMA Style

Andrea Fiduccia, Francesca Pagliaro, Luca Gugliermetti, Leonardo Filesi. A GIS-Based Model for the Analysis of Ecological Connectivity. Transactions on Petri Nets and Other Models of Concurrency XV. 2017; 10407 ():600-612.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andrea Fiduccia; Francesca Pagliaro; Luca Gugliermetti; Leonardo Filesi. 2017. "A GIS-Based Model for the Analysis of Ecological Connectivity." Transactions on Petri Nets and Other Models of Concurrency XV 10407, no. : 600-612.

Journal article
Published: 12 November 2016 in Sustainability
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The periodic stabilized regime is the condition where the temperature of each point of a certain environment varies following a periodic law. This phenomenon occurs in many practical applications, such as passive or ancient buildings not equipped with Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning HVAC systems and located in latitudes where the temperature greatly varies with Earth’s daily cycles. Despite that, the study of transient phenomena is often simplified, i.e., considering negligible the thermal response of the indoor microclimate. An exact solution to enclosures whose microclimate is free to evolve under a periodic stabilized regime does not exist nowadays, also from an analytical point of view. The aim of this study is to parametrically analyze the thermal variations inside a room when a transient periodic temperature is applied on one side. The phenomenon has been numerically studied through Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and analytically validated using a function that reproduces the daily variation of the outdoor temperature. The results of this research would lay the groundwork to develop analytical correlations to solve and predict the thermal behavior of environments subject to a periodic stabilized regime.

ACS Style

Fabio Nardecchia; Benedetta Mattoni; Francesca Pagliaro; Lucia Cellucci; Fabio Bisegna; Franco Gugliermetti. Computational Fluid Dynamic Modelling of Thermal Periodic Stabilized Regime in Passive Buildings. Sustainability 2016, 8, 1172 .

AMA Style

Fabio Nardecchia, Benedetta Mattoni, Francesca Pagliaro, Lucia Cellucci, Fabio Bisegna, Franco Gugliermetti. Computational Fluid Dynamic Modelling of Thermal Periodic Stabilized Regime in Passive Buildings. Sustainability. 2016; 8 (11):1172.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fabio Nardecchia; Benedetta Mattoni; Francesca Pagliaro; Lucia Cellucci; Fabio Bisegna; Franco Gugliermetti. 2016. "Computational Fluid Dynamic Modelling of Thermal Periodic Stabilized Regime in Passive Buildings." Sustainability 8, no. 11: 1172.

Journal article
Published: 07 August 2015 in Sustainability
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Proper lighting is vital to improve, from an artistic point of view, the surface expanse and decorative detailing of architectural heritage buildings considered valuable. When properly lit, monumental buildings can become to onlookers an essential part of the city. Nowadays, for design planners dealing with the improvement of buildings, whose architectural design should be valorized, the real challenge is to combine the lighting artistic requirements with scrupulous economic management in order to limit the energy demand and to respect the environment. For these reasons, this case study examines the lighting of the monumental façade and the cloister of St. Peter in Chains situated in the Faculty of Engineering of Sapienza University of Rome. The present lighting installation, characterized by metal halides, compact fluorescent and halogen lamps, is compared with an alternative scenario presenting LED lamps and scenographic lighting of the monumental façade. Such comparison is based on the evaluation of the lighting levels for different visual tasks and on energy and maintenance issues; the first analysis was performed through the software DIALux Evo 4.0, whereas the second was performed using ecoCALC. This study leads to the conclusion that the lighting levels of the solution presenting LED lamps are better than those of the present solution, and they comply with current standards. Finally, the higher costs of LED lamp installations and the scenographic lighting of the monumental façade are balanced by lower maintenance costs, with a payback period of seven years.

ACS Style

Ferdinando Salata; Iacopo Golasi; Giacomo Falanga; Marco Allegri; Emanuele De Lieto Vollaro; Fabio Nardecchia; Francesca Pagliaro; Franco Gugliermetti; Andrea De Lieto Vollaro. Maintenance and Energy Optimization of Lighting Systems for the Improvement of Historic Buildings: A Case Study. Sustainability 2015, 7, 10770 -10788.

AMA Style

Ferdinando Salata, Iacopo Golasi, Giacomo Falanga, Marco Allegri, Emanuele De Lieto Vollaro, Fabio Nardecchia, Francesca Pagliaro, Franco Gugliermetti, Andrea De Lieto Vollaro. Maintenance and Energy Optimization of Lighting Systems for the Improvement of Historic Buildings: A Case Study. Sustainability. 2015; 7 (8):10770-10788.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ferdinando Salata; Iacopo Golasi; Giacomo Falanga; Marco Allegri; Emanuele De Lieto Vollaro; Fabio Nardecchia; Francesca Pagliaro; Franco Gugliermetti; Andrea De Lieto Vollaro. 2015. "Maintenance and Energy Optimization of Lighting Systems for the Improvement of Historic Buildings: A Case Study." Sustainability 7, no. 8: 10770-10788.

Journal article
Published: 31 July 2015 in Sustainability
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The European Union is working on strategies in order to increase the energy efficiency of buildings. A useful solution is to identify the energy performance of buildings through the Energy Performance Certificate (EPC), as it provides information for the comparison of buildings with different architectural typology, shape, design technology and geographic location. However, this tool does not assess the real energy consumption of the building and does not always take into account its impact on the environment. In this work, two different types of analysis were carried out: one based only on the energy efficiency and the other one based on the environmental impact. Those analyses were applied on a standard building, set in three different Italian locations, with the purpose of obtaining cross-related information. After the evaluation of the results, interventions on some parameters (walls insulation, windows frame, filler gas in the insulated glazing) have been identified in order to improve the energy behavior of the building with an acceptable environmental impact. The aim of this paper is to propose a methodology that integrates the EPC with green building rating systems, leading to a more conscious choice of retrofit interventions as a compromise between energy performances and environmental impact.

ACS Style

Francesca Pagliaro; Lucia Cellucci; Chiara Burattini; Fabio Bisegna; Franco Gugliermetti; Andrea De Lieto Vollaro; Ferdinando Salata; Iacopo Golasi. A Methodological Comparison between Energy and Environmental Performance Evaluation. Sustainability 2015, 7, 10324 -10342.

AMA Style

Francesca Pagliaro, Lucia Cellucci, Chiara Burattini, Fabio Bisegna, Franco Gugliermetti, Andrea De Lieto Vollaro, Ferdinando Salata, Iacopo Golasi. A Methodological Comparison between Energy and Environmental Performance Evaluation. Sustainability. 2015; 7 (8):10324-10342.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Francesca Pagliaro; Lucia Cellucci; Chiara Burattini; Fabio Bisegna; Franco Gugliermetti; Andrea De Lieto Vollaro; Ferdinando Salata; Iacopo Golasi. 2015. "A Methodological Comparison between Energy and Environmental Performance Evaluation." Sustainability 7, no. 8: 10324-10342.

Journal article
Published: 23 July 2015 in Sustainability
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While planning a double-hole road tunnel with a length higher than one km, it is important to pay attention to the safety factor if an accident occurs. If there is a power outage, in order to avoid critical situations that could jeopardize the safety of the people present (facilitating the stream coming out from the tunnel and the arrival of the emergency personnel), it is really important to guarantee uninterrupted lighting of roadways, mandatory emergency lay-bys, and ways of escape. Uninterrupted service of the lighting systems supply must be guaranteed, in accordance with the current regulations, through the exertion of UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply) and power units. During tunnel construction, such devices represent a cost that must be amortized. In this case study, which takes into consideration a section of a road tunnel characterized by emergency lay-bys and ways of escape, emergency and security lighting were planned and installation and management costs were evaluated. The goal of this research was the creation of a cash flow thanks to the energy generated by photovoltaic panels, in a way that the service life of the system (25 years) coincided with the amortization of the costs of the backup electrical equipment installation (complying with the regulations). The possibility of over-dimensioning the UPS and providing it with a proper photovoltaic panel surface (235 kWp) to generate and exchange electric energy with the grid was taken into consideration.

ACS Style

Ferdinando Salata; Iacopo Golasi; Emiliano Bombelli; Emanuele De Lieto Vollaro; Fabio Nardecchia; Francesca Pagliaro; Franco Gugliermetti; Andrea De Lieto Vollaro. Case Study on Economic Return on Investments for Safety and Emergency Lighting in Road Tunnels. Sustainability 2015, 7, 9809 -9822.

AMA Style

Ferdinando Salata, Iacopo Golasi, Emiliano Bombelli, Emanuele De Lieto Vollaro, Fabio Nardecchia, Francesca Pagliaro, Franco Gugliermetti, Andrea De Lieto Vollaro. Case Study on Economic Return on Investments for Safety and Emergency Lighting in Road Tunnels. Sustainability. 2015; 7 (8):9809-9822.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ferdinando Salata; Iacopo Golasi; Emiliano Bombelli; Emanuele De Lieto Vollaro; Fabio Nardecchia; Francesca Pagliaro; Franco Gugliermetti; Andrea De Lieto Vollaro. 2015. "Case Study on Economic Return on Investments for Safety and Emergency Lighting in Road Tunnels." Sustainability 7, no. 8: 9809-9822.

Journal article
Published: 17 July 2015 in Sustainability
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A road tunnel is an enclosed and covered infrastructure for the vehicular traffic. Its lighting system provides 24 h of artificial sources only, with a higher amount of electric power used during the day. Due to safety reasons, when there is natural lighting outside the tunnel, the lighting levels in the stretches right after the entrance and before the exit must be high, in order to guide the driver’s eye towards the middle of the tunnel where the luminance must guarantee safe driving, avoid any over-dimensioning of the lighting systems, and produce energy savings. Such effects can be reached not only through the technological advances in the field of artificial lighting sources with high luminous efficiency, but also through new materials for road paving characterized by a higher reflection coefficient than other ordinary asphalts. This case study examines different technical scenarios, analyzing and comparing possible energy and economic savings. Traditional solutions are thus compared with scenarios suggesting the solutions previously mentioned. Special asphalts are interesting from an economic point of view, whereas the high costs of LED sources nowadays represent an obstacle for their implementation.

ACS Style

Ferdinando Salata; Iacopo Golasi; Simone Bovenzi; Emanuele De Lieto Vollaro; Francesca Pagliaro; Lucia Cellucci; Massimo Coppi; Franco Gugliermetti; Andrea De Lieto Vollaro. Energy Optimization of Road Tunnel Lighting Systems. Sustainability 2015, 7, 9664 -9680.

AMA Style

Ferdinando Salata, Iacopo Golasi, Simone Bovenzi, Emanuele De Lieto Vollaro, Francesca Pagliaro, Lucia Cellucci, Massimo Coppi, Franco Gugliermetti, Andrea De Lieto Vollaro. Energy Optimization of Road Tunnel Lighting Systems. Sustainability. 2015; 7 (7):9664-9680.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ferdinando Salata; Iacopo Golasi; Simone Bovenzi; Emanuele De Lieto Vollaro; Francesca Pagliaro; Lucia Cellucci; Massimo Coppi; Franco Gugliermetti; Andrea De Lieto Vollaro. 2015. "Energy Optimization of Road Tunnel Lighting Systems." Sustainability 7, no. 7: 9664-9680.

Journal article
Published: 01 July 2015 in Journal of Cultural Heritage
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ACS Style

Francesca Pagliaro; Evelyne Bukowiecki; Franco Gugliermetti; Fabio Bisegna. The architecture of warehouses: A multidisciplinary study on thermal performances of Portus’ roman store buildings. Journal of Cultural Heritage 2015, 16, 560 -566.

AMA Style

Francesca Pagliaro, Evelyne Bukowiecki, Franco Gugliermetti, Fabio Bisegna. The architecture of warehouses: A multidisciplinary study on thermal performances of Portus’ roman store buildings. Journal of Cultural Heritage. 2015; 16 (4):560-566.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Francesca Pagliaro; Evelyne Bukowiecki; Franco Gugliermetti; Fabio Bisegna. 2015. "The architecture of warehouses: A multidisciplinary study on thermal performances of Portus’ roman store buildings." Journal of Cultural Heritage 16, no. 4: 560-566.