Background: Peri-implant disease and health are associated with microbial dental plaque. Therefore, oral hygiene plays a role in preventing and treating these diseases. This study aimed to determine the relationships among knowledge of peri-implant status, oral hygiene habits, and peri-implant disease and health. Methods: A total of 144 implants in nonsmokers with controlled systemic disease were included in the study. Peri-implant disease and the conditions of the implants were determined with periodontal indices and radiographs based on the 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases and Conditions and The EFP S3 level clinical practice guideline. Individuals were asked 66 questions regarding demographic information, oral hygiene habits and history, and knowledge of peri-implant diseases. One-way ANOVA was used to compare the three peri-implant disease and condition categories. Results: There was a significant difference between groups regarding toothpaste type (p < 0.05). Gum protection toothpaste was greater in the peri-implant health group. Patients' use of interdental products was very low; often, no products were used for implant prosthesis. There was no significant difference among the groups regarding oral hygiene product use or oral hygiene habits (p > 0.05). There was a significant difference between groups regarding frequency of visit (p < 0.05). The frequency of visits to the dentist for pain was greater for individuals with peri-implantitis. There is a significant difference between the groups' answers for the causative and initiating factors of peri-implant disease (p < 0.05). The peri-implant health group answered that microbial dental plaque is the most crucial initiating factor of peri-implant diseases, and bleeding on probing is the most critical determinant of peri-implant diseases at a higher rate than the other groups. Conclusions: Patients' oral hygiene habits and knowledge levels are almost similar according to peri-implant status. Knowledge does not reflect a patient's oral hygiene behavior. Clinicians should ensure that individuals' oral hygiene practices align with their increased awareness regarding peri-implant illnesses.

Scaling and root planing remain inadequate in periodontitis treatment caused by dysbiotic microbial dental plaque. The aim of this clinical trial is to evaluate the effects of probiotics and kefir consumption in initial periodontal therapy (IPT) on oral microbiota composition and treatment outcomes in patients with periodontitis.Materials and methods: The study was carried out in the Gazi University Department of Periodontology, including a sample size of 36 individuals and utilizing a randomized controlled design. Thirty-six patients with periodontitis were randomly allocated to three groups: one receiving probiotic treatment, another receiving kefir, and a third serving as the control group. Obtaining subgingival microbial samples, we recorded plaque, gingival index, bleeding on probing, periodontal pocket depth, and clinical attachment level (periodontal clinical indices) and then performed IPT. For 14 days, patients took either probiotics, kefir, or no supplements. Data for the first and third months were collected using periodontal clinical indices. DNA sequencing was performed to detect Tannerella forsythia, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Treponema denticola in subgingival plaque samples collected at baseline and three months.Results: Significant differences were observed regarding periodontal clinical indices among groups in the intragroup comparisons. Moreover, levels of Tannerella forsythia were significantly decreased in all groups.Conclusion: Kefir can be administered in addition to IPT, providing results similar to those observed with probiotics.

Bruxism is a recurrent parafunctional habit characterized by clenching or grinding teeth and/or jaw contractions. It is quite common among dental students and is associated with psychosocial factors such as stress and anxiety. This study aimed to compare bruxism awareness and self-assessment among clinical students with and without bruxism. This study included systemically healthy individuals aged 18 to 27 years. Intraoral and extraoral examinations were performed on 128 4th- and 5th-grade dental students with (64) and without bruxism (64), 4th and 5th-grade dental students at Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University who met the inclusion criteria. The diagnosis of bruxism was based on the 2018 International Consensus and data collected through a validated 33-item questionnaire covering general information and bruxism awareness. The questionnaire included multiple-choice questions on bruxism types, risk factors, symptoms, and impact on periodontal tissues. Statistical analyses were performed via IBM SPSS Statistics, and p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Clenching and teeth grinding during sleep, tooth wear, muscle fatigue, pain in the temples, jaw pain, joint trismus, neck pain, and jaw joint pain and clenching while awake were significantly different in bruxism patients (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of bruxism type, symptoms, treatment methods, periodontal tissues, occlusal trauma, diagnostic methods, or the relationship between lifestyle and bruxism (p > 0.05). While 71.9% of those diagnosed with bruxism stated that they had bruxism, 68.8% of those who were not diagnosed stated that they did not have bruxism. Although dental students are aware of bruxism, their understanding of its multifactorial nature and treatment options needs improvement. Increasing this knowledge could reduce the prevalence of bruxism among dental students and improve patient care. The clinical trial was retrospectively registered on ClinicalTrials.gov under the identifier NCT06583044, with a registration date of 03/09/2024. https://register.clinicaltrials.gov/prs/beta/studies/S000EUYA00000023/recordSummary .

This study examined how smoking affects esthetics, peri-implant health, gingiva around the implant, and implant disease risk assessment in patients with implants. The study included two hundred ninety-eight implants of systemically healthy patients aged between 38 and 62 who applied to the Periodontology Clinic and whose functionally prosthesis-loaded implants had been at least six months and at most five years old. Implants of patients with bruxism were not included in the study. Implants are divided into two according to the patient’s smoking. Vestibule depth around the implant, keratinized gingival thickness and width, gingival recession, bleeding on probing, pocket depth, and gingival index by a sole clinician. The pink esthetic score, peri-implant disease risk assessment, and implant health scale were also examined to measure implant esthetics and success. There was a statistically significant difference in the implant disease risk assesment scores for the examined implants of smokers and nonsmokers (p < 0.05). People who had peri-implantitis had higher implant disease risk assesment score levels. The dental implant health scale revealed a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) in the likelihood of implant disease. According to the dental implant health scale, dental implants were 100% successful for non-smokers. There was a significant difference in the keratinized gingiva width between smokers and nonsmokers (p < 0.05). The results of the study showed that nonsmokers had a wider keratinized gingiva. Research has demonstrated that the act of smoking has the potential to jeopardize the long-term survival of dental implants and the surrounding peri-implant tissues. The results of this study indicate that it would be advisable for dentists to provide guidance to their patients on smoking cessation and to monitor any alterations in behavior closely. Furthermore, it would be advantageous for dental professionals to elucidate the impact of smoking on the susceptibility of smokers to peri-implant disease.

Introduction: Peri-implant and periodontal conditions share common underlying factors, including risk factors, microbiology, immunology, and treatment approaches. Aims: This study aims to investigate the potential co-occurrence of peri-implant and periodontal conditions. Design: One hundred twenty-three implants were divided into three groups: peri-implantitis (41 implants), peri-implant mucositis (41 implants), and peri-implant health (41 implants). Peri-implant and periodontal statuses were assessed using the 2017 AAP/EFP World Workshop on Classification of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases and Conditions. All measurements were performed by a single clinician (T.Ş.). One-way analysis of variance was used to compare the study groups according to the data. An assessment was conducted regarding the coexistence of periodontal and peri-implant conditions. Results: Patients with peri-implant mucositis predominantly had gingivitis, whereas those with peri-implant health exhibited periodontal health. In contrast, patients with peri-implantitis mostly had gingivitis, with a lower occurrence of periodontitis. A significant difference was observed between the peri-implant and periodontal groups (p = 0.003). Significant differences were observed between peri-implant and periodontal evaluations for plaque indices, gingival indices, probing depth, gingival recession, and clinical attachment level (p = 0.001), (p = 0.006). Conclusions: The findings of this study underscore the intricate influence of implant treatment on periodontal health. This observation emphasizes the importance of elucidating the underlying factors to improve clinical management and outcomes in patients with periodontal and peri-implant diseases, highlighting the relevance and potential impact of this research in the field.

İnsanda ağız içerisinde yaklaşık 700 çeşit mikroorganizma bulunmaktadır ve bu mikroorganizmalar insan ağız mikrobiyotasını oluşturur. Ağız mikrobiyotası, insan vücudundaki en karmaşık mikrobiyal topluluklardan biridir. Ağız mikrobiyatasının bir çok sistemik hastalıkla ilişkisi olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca ağız mikrobiyatasındaki patojen mikroorganizmalar oral hastalıklar olan çürük, periodontal hastalık ve oral kansere yol açmaktadır. Periodontal hastalıklar ve diş çürüğü mikrobiyal dental plak içerisindeki spesifik bakterilerin neden olduğu hastalıklardır. Ağız içerisinde hastalığa sebep olan mikroorganizmaların sayısının azaltılması, patojenitelerinin inhibe edilmesi ya da patojen olmayan bakterilerle ağız ortamının regüle edilmesi bu hastalıkların oluşmasını engellemektedir. Günümüzde içeriğinden dolayı bu regülasyon için kullanılan süt ürünleri ve probiyotikler mevcuttur. Kefir; laktik asit bakterileri, asetik asit bakteri ve torula mayalarını içeren kefir danelerinin sütü fermente etmesi ile elde edilen içilebilir kıvamdaki süt ürünüdür. Antibakteriyel, hipokolesterolemik, antihipertansif, antienflamatuar, antioksidan, antikarsinojenik, antialerjenik aktivite, plazma glikoz kontrolü ve yara iyileştirici etkilere sahiptir. Bu etkilerden özellikle kefirin, organik asitlerin (hidrojen peroksit, asetaldehit, karbondioksit) ve bakteriyosinlerin oluşumu nedeniyle birçok patojenik organizmaya karşı antibakteriyel etkisi dikkat çekmektedir. Bunların yanında gastrointestinal rahatsızlıkların tedavilerinde kullanılmaktadır. Kefirin çürük etkeni olan bakterilerin azaltılmasında etkili olduğu ve probiyotik bakteri içeriği de göz önünde bulundurulduğunda periodontal bakterilerin azaltılmasında etkili olabileceği düşünülmektedir. Bu bilgiler ışığında, periodontal hastalık önlemedeki etkisinin daha iyi anlaşılabilmesi için daha fazla sayıda uzun dönem randomize kontrollü klinik çalışma yapılması gerektiği düşünülmektedir.