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Prof. Dr. Hong Li
Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China

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0 Sprinkler
0 pump
0 intelligent control
0 fertigation
0 Irrigation and drainage

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pump
fertigation

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Journal article
Published: 26 November 2020 in Water
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The fluidic sprinkler, a relatively new type of rotating sprinkler, has been the subject of quite a lot of research about its structural parameters, hydraulic characteristics, and water distribution profile, albeit under indoor conditions. The fluidic sprinkler’s performance in terms of water distribution profile and droplet size distribution pattern in wind has seen little investigation. To obtain information about its droplet size distribution in wind, the Thiess Clima Laser Precipitation Monitor was employed. Drop diameter, drop velocity, and the number of drops at varying distances from the fluidic sprinkler were measured in both wind and no wind at three operating pressures of 250, 300, and 350 kPa. The logistic model was adopted to fit a relationship between the drop diameter and the cumulative numeric frequency (CNF) and the cumulative volumetric frequency (CVF) values resulting in very high correlation coefficient (R2) values of above 0.99 for all conditions. At 250, 300, and 350 kPa, drops traveled 0.6, 1.0, and 1.3 m, respectively, farther in wind than in no wind along the direction of throw. Drops exhibited a spectrum of velocities and diameters at a given radial distance from the sprinkler. Up to two-thirds of the radius of throw, the proportion of drops with diameters ranging from 0.125 mm to 1.00 mm were above 80% at 300 and 350 kPa.

ACS Style

Frank Agyen Dwomoh; Shouqi Yuan; Hong Li; Xingye Zhu; Junping Liu; Richard Mensah; Alexander Fordjour. Analysis of Water Droplet Distribution in Wind for the Fluidic Sprinkler. Water 2020, 12, 3320 .

AMA Style

Frank Agyen Dwomoh, Shouqi Yuan, Hong Li, Xingye Zhu, Junping Liu, Richard Mensah, Alexander Fordjour. Analysis of Water Droplet Distribution in Wind for the Fluidic Sprinkler. Water. 2020; 12 (12):3320.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Frank Agyen Dwomoh; Shouqi Yuan; Hong Li; Xingye Zhu; Junping Liu; Richard Mensah; Alexander Fordjour. 2020. "Analysis of Water Droplet Distribution in Wind for the Fluidic Sprinkler." Water 12, no. 12: 3320.

Journal article
Published: 11 November 2020 in Water
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Injectors are key pieces of equipment for chemigation systems, and their hydraulic performance has a significant effect on chemigation systems and crops. In order to investigate the influence of different working parameters on hydraulic performance for a water-powered proportional injector (PI), three key parameters of inlet and injection flow rate were researched using a one-factor experimental design method. The regression equations between different factors and response variables were established through a response surface method based on one-factor experimental results. Lastly, a mathematical model of the actual injection ratio was established. Some experiments under different, randomly selected parameter combinations were carried out to verify the prediction precision of the mathematical mode. The results showed that the injection flow rate increased first within the differential pressure of 0.05 to 0.10 MPa and then tended towards stability with increasing differential pressure. The injection flow rate decreased by increasing the viscosity and the change in the injection flow rate was small enough when the viscosity was greater than 500 mPa·s. The impact factors, in order of significance, for inlet flow rate were differential pressure, viscosity of injection liquid and setting injection ratio. The impact factors, in order of significance, for injection flow rate were viscosity of injection liquid, setting injection ratio and differential pressure. The regressive model for predicting the actual injection ratio was validated using an experiment and the relative deviation between calculated value and tested value was less than 5.98%, which indicated that the mathematical model had high credibility.

ACS Style

Pan Tang; Chao Chen; Hong Li. Investigation of Hydraulic Performance Based on Response Surface Methodology for an Agricultural Chemigation Proportional Injector. Water 2020, 12, 3155 .

AMA Style

Pan Tang, Chao Chen, Hong Li. Investigation of Hydraulic Performance Based on Response Surface Methodology for an Agricultural Chemigation Proportional Injector. Water. 2020; 12 (11):3155.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pan Tang; Chao Chen; Hong Li. 2020. "Investigation of Hydraulic Performance Based on Response Surface Methodology for an Agricultural Chemigation Proportional Injector." Water 12, no. 11: 3155.

Journal article
Published: 17 October 2020 in Water
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Using low-pressure sprinklers in agricultural irrigation has become an alternative way of reducing water and energy stress. To determine the applicability of the low-pressure rotating sprinkler, an experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of working pressure and nozzle size on sprinkler rotation speed, application rate, droplet size, droplet velocity, droplet trajectory angle, and kinetic energy distribution. The results showed that the mean droplet diameter increased exponentially along with the increase in distance from the sprinkler, and a logarithmic relation was derived between droplet diameter and droplet velocity. Due to the low breakup degree of the jet under the lowest working pressure of 100 kPa, the peak values of specific power and application rate were high, which reached 0.09 W m−2 and 11.35 mm h−1, and were 3.1–5.4 times and 2.5–3.1 times those of other working conditions. Meanwhile, the peak specific power of the biggest nozzle (diameter = 5.2 mm) was 2.4–2.8 times that of smaller nozzles. With an increase in working pressure, the sprinkler time per rotation decreased and the distributions of kinetic energy and water became more uniform. Thus, it is not recommended to equip the sprinkler with a large nozzle under low working pressure.

ACS Style

Rui Chen; Hong Li; Jian Wang; Xin Guo. Effects of Pressure and Nozzle Size on the Spray Characteristics of Low-Pressure Rotating Sprinklers. Water 2020, 12, 2904 .

AMA Style

Rui Chen, Hong Li, Jian Wang, Xin Guo. Effects of Pressure and Nozzle Size on the Spray Characteristics of Low-Pressure Rotating Sprinklers. Water. 2020; 12 (10):2904.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rui Chen; Hong Li; Jian Wang; Xin Guo. 2020. "Effects of Pressure and Nozzle Size on the Spray Characteristics of Low-Pressure Rotating Sprinklers." Water 12, no. 10: 2904.

Journal article
Published: 18 September 2020 in Water
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Solid fertilizers, which have a low operating cost, are widely applied in Chinese crop fields. In order to distribute solid fertilizer through fertigation, an innovative device with a simple structure was designed, which can feed, dissolve, and distribute fertilizer simultaneously. The parameters of the outlet pipe and fertilizer-feeding component were designed, and a preliminary equation for calculating the fertilizer-feeding flowrate was established. Then experiments were conducted to optimize the established equation. Obtained results showed that the deviation between the measured and the calculated feeding flowrate through the optimized equation was about 5%. This ensured that the fertilizer-feeding flowrate can be adjusted accurately. Experiments were also conducted to explore the effect of the working parameters on the fertilization uniformity of the designed device. It was found that as the fertilization time and inlet water flowrate increases, the fertilization uniformity increases but fertilizer concentration decreases. Based on the obtained results, it is concluded that the designed fertigation device outperforms the conventional pressure differential tank that is normally applied to distribute solid fertilizers.

ACS Style

Zhiyang Zhang; Chao Chen; Hong Li; Huameng Xia. Design, Development, and Performance Evaluation of a Fertigation Device for Distributing Solid Fertilizer. Water 2020, 12, 2621 .

AMA Style

Zhiyang Zhang, Chao Chen, Hong Li, Huameng Xia. Design, Development, and Performance Evaluation of a Fertigation Device for Distributing Solid Fertilizer. Water. 2020; 12 (9):2621.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhiyang Zhang; Chao Chen; Hong Li; Huameng Xia. 2020. "Design, Development, and Performance Evaluation of a Fertigation Device for Distributing Solid Fertilizer." Water 12, no. 9: 2621.

Journal article
Published: 14 September 2020 in Sustainability
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The aim of this study is to improve the water distribution uniformity of a vertical impact sprinkler and explore the design method of the drive spoon blades. The width of straight blades (h1), the width of curved blades (h2) and number of blades (s) were chosen as the experiential variables. The suitable ranges of three variables for response surface method were determined initially by one-factor experimental design method, and 17 different drive spoons were designed according to response surface methodology. The results showed that in the one-factor experimental condition, the CU (Christiansen’s uniformity coefficient) values first increased and decreased slightly when h1 exceeded 3 mm with the increase of h1 within the variation range of the experimental factor. The CU values firstly increased and then decreased with the increase of h2. The CU values decreased rapidly when s was less than 3 or greater than 6. The relationship between CU values and h1, h2 and s was established using response surface methodology. The p-values for h1, h2 and s were 0.0359, 0.0092, 0.0212, and all of the selected factors were significant on CU. The order of parameters affecting CU were h2, h1 and s. The ideal parameters for the drive spoon blades were h1 = 6 mm, h2 = 4 mm, and s = 3. CU was greatly improved after the optimization of structure for the drive spoon blades, which increased to 87.96% from 73.12%. After optimization, the application rates within 1 to 5 m were improved and increased from 10% to 15% with an average of 10.7% under different operating pressures. The maximum application rates decreased from 9.3, 9.3, 9.4 and 8.4 mm·h−1 to 8.5, 8.4, 8.5 and 7.9 mm·h−1 with operating pressures of 300, 400, 500 and 600 kPa, respectively. The maximum application rates in the overlap area were decreased from 18, 16, 16 and 15 mm·h−1 to 16, 14, 14 and 12 mm·h−1 with operating pressures of 300, 400, 500 and 600 kPa, respectively.

ACS Style

Pan Tang; Chao Chen; Hong Li. Improving Water Distribution Uniformity by Optimizing the Structural Size of the Drive Spoon Blades for a Vertical Impact Sprinkler. Sustainability 2020, 12, 7574 .

AMA Style

Pan Tang, Chao Chen, Hong Li. Improving Water Distribution Uniformity by Optimizing the Structural Size of the Drive Spoon Blades for a Vertical Impact Sprinkler. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (18):7574.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pan Tang; Chao Chen; Hong Li. 2020. "Improving Water Distribution Uniformity by Optimizing the Structural Size of the Drive Spoon Blades for a Vertical Impact Sprinkler." Sustainability 12, no. 18: 7574.

Journal article
Published: 02 January 2020 in Processes
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To study the appropriate numerical simulation methods for venturi injectors, including the investigation of the hydraulic performance, mixing process, and the flowing law of the two internal fluids, simulations and experiments were conducted in this study. In the simulations part, the cavitation model based on the standard k–ε turbulence and mixture models was added, after convergence of the calculations. The results revealed that the cavitation model has good agreement with the experiment. However, huge deviations occurred between the experimental results and the ones from the calculation when not considering the cavitation model after cavitation. Thus, it is inferred that the cavitation model can exactly predict the hydraulic performance of a venturi injector. In addition, the cavitation is a crucial factor affecting the hydraulic performance of a venturi injector. The cavitation can ensure the stability of the fertilizer absorption of the venturi injector and can realize the precise control of fertilization by the venturi injector, although it affects the flow stability and causes energy loss. Moreover, this study found that the mixing chamber and throat are the main areas of energy loss. Furthermore, we observed that the internal flow of the venturi injector results in the majority of mixing taking place at the diffusion and outlet sections.

ACS Style

Hao Li; Hong Li; Xiuqiao Huang; Qibiao Han; Ye Yuan; Bin Qi; Li. Numerical and Experimental Study on the Internal Flow of the Venturi Injector. Processes 2020, 8, 64 .

AMA Style

Hao Li, Hong Li, Xiuqiao Huang, Qibiao Han, Ye Yuan, Bin Qi, Li. Numerical and Experimental Study on the Internal Flow of the Venturi Injector. Processes. 2020; 8 (1):64.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hao Li; Hong Li; Xiuqiao Huang; Qibiao Han; Ye Yuan; Bin Qi; Li. 2020. "Numerical and Experimental Study on the Internal Flow of the Venturi Injector." Processes 8, no. 1: 64.

Journal article
Published: 22 October 2019 in Water
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The venturi tube is a special kind of pipe which has been widely applied in many fields. Cavitation is one of the most important research issues for the Venturi tube. Hence, three key structural parameters (contraction angle, diffusion angle and contraction ratio) were selected to investigate the influence of different factors on cavitation characteristics, using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. A series of experiments for measuring the relationship between differential pressure and flow rate were carried out to verify the accuracy of the simulation method. Results showed that the simulation results had a high accuracy and the numerical method was feasible. The average vapor volume fraction of cross-section from the throat in the axial direction increased with increasing contraction angle. The cavity length increased with increasing contraction angle. The average volume fraction in the diffusion section rapidly decreased with increasing diffusion angle. The diffusion angle had no significant effect on the cavitation characteristics in the throat section and had a significant influence in the diffusion section. The average vapor volume fraction increased with decreasing contraction ratio. The contraction ratio had no significant effect on the cavity length under the same differential pressure. The average vapor volume fraction increased with decreasing contraction ratio. However, the variation in the throat section was less than the diffusion section. Under the same inlet and outlet pressure, the cavity lengths for different contraction ratios were basically the same, which indicated that the contraction ratio had no significant effect on the cavity length.

ACS Style

Pan Tang; Juan Manzano Juárez; Hong Li. Investigation on the Effect of Structural Parameters on Cavitation Characteristics for the Venturi Tube Using the CFD Method. Water 2019, 11, 2194 .

AMA Style

Pan Tang, Juan Manzano Juárez, Hong Li. Investigation on the Effect of Structural Parameters on Cavitation Characteristics for the Venturi Tube Using the CFD Method. Water. 2019; 11 (10):2194.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pan Tang; Juan Manzano Juárez; Hong Li. 2019. "Investigation on the Effect of Structural Parameters on Cavitation Characteristics for the Venturi Tube Using the CFD Method." Water 11, no. 10: 2194.

Journal article
Published: 05 September 2019 in Energies
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Experimental overall performances on a double helix screw pump are presented and discussed, focusing on the leakage flow for two different rotational speeds. A comparison between experimental and URANS CFD approaches is performed in order to check the CFD closure models’ validity. Some specific local flow characteristics are extracted from the numerical results which give explanations about leakage backflows inside the screws and local distortion at the pump inlet section.

ACS Style

Weibin Zhang; QiFeng Jiang; Gérard Bois; Hong Li; Xiaobing Liu; Shuai Yuan; Yaguang Heng. Experimental and Numerical Analysis on Flow Characteristics in a Double Helix Screw Pump. Energies 2019, 12, 3420 .

AMA Style

Weibin Zhang, QiFeng Jiang, Gérard Bois, Hong Li, Xiaobing Liu, Shuai Yuan, Yaguang Heng. Experimental and Numerical Analysis on Flow Characteristics in a Double Helix Screw Pump. Energies. 2019; 12 (18):3420.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Weibin Zhang; QiFeng Jiang; Gérard Bois; Hong Li; Xiaobing Liu; Shuai Yuan; Yaguang Heng. 2019. "Experimental and Numerical Analysis on Flow Characteristics in a Double Helix Screw Pump." Energies 12, no. 18: 3420.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2019 in International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering
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Jet breakup and dispersion from impact sprinkler are mainly influenced by the configurations of nozzle and dispersion device. Based on the structure, different types of nozzles were designed and tested with a pointed tip dispersion device under low pressure conditions. Experiments were performed using High-Speed Photographic technique, and Matlab computation program was established and applied to determine the initial jet breakup length and angle of dispersion from the nozzles. The sprinkler range decreased with the increase in diameter of nozzle, and the largest range of 15.1 m was produced from sprinkler with 6 mm nozzle size under a pressure of 150 kPa. The angle of dispersion decreased with the increase of jet velocity, the spray coverage from sprinkler with 6 mm nozzle size was 1478 mm under 150 kPa, and was not statistically different when the pressure was increased. A new range formula was established for sprinkler with dispersion device through curve fitting of the parameters of initial jet breakup length, angle of dispersion, nozzle size and working pressure. The new formula was reliable for calculating range with a relative error less than 3%. Since the formula is based on the angle of dispersion, it could be useful to estimate uniformity of water distribution in sprinkler irrigated fields. Keywords: fixed dispersion device, range, jet breakup, angle of dispersion, spray coverage, impact sprinkler DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20191205.4646 Citation: Jiang Y, Issaka Z, Li H, Tang P, Chen C. Range formula based on angle of dispersion and nozzle configuration from an impact sprinkler. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2019; 12(5): 97–105.

ACS Style

Yue Jiang; Zakaria Issaka; Hong Li; Pan Tang; Chao Chen. Range formula based on angle of dispersion and nozzle configuration from an impact sprinkler. International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2019, 12, 97 -105.

AMA Style

Yue Jiang, Zakaria Issaka, Hong Li, Pan Tang, Chao Chen. Range formula based on angle of dispersion and nozzle configuration from an impact sprinkler. International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering. 2019; 12 (5):97-105.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yue Jiang; Zakaria Issaka; Hong Li; Pan Tang; Chao Chen. 2019. "Range formula based on angle of dispersion and nozzle configuration from an impact sprinkler." International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 12, no. 5: 97-105.

Review
Published: 15 February 2018 in Journal of Water and Climate Change
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The world is increasingly experiencing water scarcity due to the impact of climate change, a phenomenon that is affecting agricultural production, particularly in tropical regions. An effective response system is required to adapt and reduce the impact on agricultural production. There have been calls on the role agriculture can play to reduce the impact without compromising food security. Hence, the present article discusses some of the major difficulties in water-smart sprinkler irrigation to adapt to the impact of climate change on agricultural production. In order to meet investment cost with water-smart sprinkler irrigation, the fixed water dispersion device for an impact sprinkler needs to be optimized to improve its performance under low pressure conditions. This is necessary to produce the desirable droplets sizes for minimising evaporation losses and distortion by wind, whilst maintaining the large distance of throw. Further research should be backed by strong institutional support towards a wide-scale adoption of water-smart sprinkler irrigation technologies. This could be of significant benefit to better water management in the artificially drained catchments and lessen the impact of climate change on agricultural production.

ACS Style

Zakaria Issaka; Hong Li; Jiang Yue; Pan Tang; Ransford Opoku Darko. Water-smart sprinkler irrigation, prerequisite to climate change adaptation: a review. Journal of Water and Climate Change 2018, 9, 383 -398.

AMA Style

Zakaria Issaka, Hong Li, Jiang Yue, Pan Tang, Ransford Opoku Darko. Water-smart sprinkler irrigation, prerequisite to climate change adaptation: a review. Journal of Water and Climate Change. 2018; 9 (2):383-398.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zakaria Issaka; Hong Li; Jiang Yue; Pan Tang; Ransford Opoku Darko. 2018. "Water-smart sprinkler irrigation, prerequisite to climate change adaptation: a review." Journal of Water and Climate Change 9, no. 2: 383-398.

Journal article
Published: 02 February 2018 in Agricultural Water Management
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Applying fertilizer through drip irrigation system is a very important method to save fertilizer and labour. Three manifold layouts (water supply in one end for transversal drip tapes (M1), water supply in both ends for transversal drip tapes (M2) and water supply in one end for longitudinal drip tapes (M3)) and four different fertilizer solution concentrations (50.00 g L−1 (C1), 66.67 g L−1 (C2), 100 g L−1 (C3) and 200 g L−1 (C4)) were selected to investigated the effect of the manifold and concentration on water fertigation uniformity. Results showed that the emitter at the extreme end of the manifold needed more time to clean the rudimental fertilizer in the drip tapes. The minimal flushing time increased from 8 to 13, 4 to 7 and 7 to 12 min with increasing the fertilizer concentration from C1 to C4 for M1, M2 and M3, respectively. The drip irrigation system needed more time for flushing to reduce the risk of emitter clogging when a higher fertilizer solution concentration was applied. In order of performance, M2 had the highest water and fertilizer uniformity, followed by M3 and lastly by M1. The fertilizer solution concentration had no significant effect on water distribution. However, it had a significant effect on fertilizer distribution. The mass of the applied fertilizer for the drip tapes close to the inlet increased with increasing fertilizer solution concentration from C1 to C4, which indicated that higher fertilizer solution concentration can result in lower fertilizer distribution uniformity. There was a significant effect of the manifold layout on water uniformity. The fertilizer concentration and the interaction between manifold layout and concentration had no significant effect on the water uniformity. Similarly, both the manifold layout and concentration had a significant effect on fertilizer uniformity. The interaction between manifold layout and concentration had a significant effect on the Christiansen’s uniformity (CU) and distribution uniformity (DU) for fertilizer, whilst, a significant effect on emission uniformity (EU) was not found. The manifold layout and fertilizer solution concentration should therefore be considered in the design and operation of fertigation system.

ACS Style

Pan Tang; Hong Li; Zakaria Issaka; Chao Chen. Effect of manifold layout and fertilizer solution concentration on fertilization and flushing times and uniformity of drip irrigation systems. Agricultural Water Management 2018, 200, 71 -79.

AMA Style

Pan Tang, Hong Li, Zakaria Issaka, Chao Chen. Effect of manifold layout and fertilizer solution concentration on fertilization and flushing times and uniformity of drip irrigation systems. Agricultural Water Management. 2018; 200 ():71-79.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pan Tang; Hong Li; Zakaria Issaka; Chao Chen. 2018. "Effect of manifold layout and fertilizer solution concentration on fertilization and flushing times and uniformity of drip irrigation systems." Agricultural Water Management 200, no. : 71-79.

Article
Published: 21 March 2017 in Irrigation and Drainage
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The need for a reliable research method of the external flow field has increased with the more widespread use of intermediate pressure jets. The experimental method and numerical simulation method were investigated, using the particle image velocimetry (PIV) technique and the volume of fluid-level set (VOF-level set) method. Both methods performed well on nozzles with different geometric parameters at distances close to the nozzle and further away from it. With reference to the different measurement windows, the velocities in vertical profiles along the x-axis, the change of maximum jet velocities and the break-up length ranges of jet flows were obtained. The two methods authenticate each other, and the results indicate that the maximum velocities of jets decrease and the distribution widths of velocity field also increase with increase in distance away from the nozzles. The PIV and simulation gave similar results at different distances from the nozzle, and the experimental values were slightly higher than the simulation values due to the pressure fluctuation with an error of less than 8%. The break-up length of jets increases with pressures in situations where the experimental values were lower than the simulation values due to the effect of air. The experimental data from PIV agreed well with the simulation results. Therefore, the accuracy and reliability of the PIV experiment and the CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) result simulation were both validated. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.RésuméLa nécessité d'une méthode de recherche fiable du champ d'écoulement externe a augmenté avec l'utilisation plus répandue de jets à pression intermédiaire. La méthode expérimentale et la méthode de simulation numérique ont été étudiées à l'aide de la technique de la vélocimétrie par imagerie de particules (PIV) et de la méthode du volume de fluide. Les deux méthodes se sont bien comportées sur des buses avec des paramètres géométriques différents et plus ou moins éloignées de la buse. En ce qui concerne les différentes fenêtres de mesure, on a obtenu des profils verticaux et longitudinaux de vitesse, le changement des vitesses maximales du jet et les gammes de longueurs de rupture des écoulements du jet. Les deux méthodes s'authentifient mutuellement et les résultats indiquent que les vitesses maximales des jets diminuent et que les largeurs de répartition du champ de vitesse augmentent avec l'augmentation des distances entre les buses. Le PIV et la simulation ont donné des résultats similaires à différentes distances de la buse, les valeurs expérimentales ont été légèrement plus élevées que les valeurs de simulation en raison de la fluctuation de pression, avec une erreur de moins de 8%. La longueur de rupture des jets augmente avec les pressions dans les situations où les valeurs expérimentales étaient inférieures aux valeurs de simulation en raison de l'effet de l'air. Les données expérimentales de PIV concordaient bien avec les résultats de la simulation. Par conséquent, la précision et la fiabilité des mesures PIV et les résultats de la simulation CFD (Dynamique des fluides computationnelle) ont été validées. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

ACS Style

Yue Jiang; Hong Li; Qingjiang Xiang; Chao Chen. Comparison of PIV Experiment and Numerical Simulation on the Velocity Distribution of Intermediate Pressure Jets with Different Nozzle Parameters. Irrigation and Drainage 2017, 66, 510 -519.

AMA Style

Yue Jiang, Hong Li, Qingjiang Xiang, Chao Chen. Comparison of PIV Experiment and Numerical Simulation on the Velocity Distribution of Intermediate Pressure Jets with Different Nozzle Parameters. Irrigation and Drainage. 2017; 66 (4):510-519.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yue Jiang; Hong Li; Qingjiang Xiang; Chao Chen. 2017. "Comparison of PIV Experiment and Numerical Simulation on the Velocity Distribution of Intermediate Pressure Jets with Different Nozzle Parameters." Irrigation and Drainage 66, no. 4: 510-519.

Research article
Published: 01 March 2016 in Advances in Mechanical Engineering
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In order to study the spatial breakup characteristics of the initial section of low-pressure jets, an experiment was performed to investigate the flow fields and concentration fields of jet flows with different nozzle geometric parameters and also the different working pressures using a particle image velocimetry system. The flow field of different axial planes, axial time-average velocity, and the length of the initial sections of jet flows were also analyzed. A numerical simulation was carried out using finite volume method and volume of fluid–level set method to describe the breaking process of the initial section, capturing unstable development of gas–fluid interface, measuring the length of the initial sections of jet flows. Both experiment and simulation results show that the broken degree of jet is more intense for nozzles with smaller aspect ratio; the outlet velocity of jet increases with the working pressure; and the value of [Formula: see text] decreases with the increase in pressures in the same cross section of jet flow. The experimental values are slightly higher than the simulation values with an error of <8% for the cross-sectional velocity distribution. The initial length of jet increases with pressures, where the experimental values are lower than the simulation values with an error of <5%. The experimental data from particle image velocimetry agreed well with the simulation results. Therefore, the accuracy and reliability of the particle image velocimetry experiment and the computational fluid dynamics result simulation were both validated.

ACS Style

Yue Jiang; Hong Li; Qingjiang Xiang; Chao Chen. Investigation on spatial breakup characteristics of low-pressure jets with particle image velocimetry experiment and volume of fluid–level set simulation. Advances in Mechanical Engineering 2016, 8, 1 .

AMA Style

Yue Jiang, Hong Li, Qingjiang Xiang, Chao Chen. Investigation on spatial breakup characteristics of low-pressure jets with particle image velocimetry experiment and volume of fluid–level set simulation. Advances in Mechanical Engineering. 2016; 8 (3):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yue Jiang; Hong Li; Qingjiang Xiang; Chao Chen. 2016. "Investigation on spatial breakup characteristics of low-pressure jets with particle image velocimetry experiment and volume of fluid–level set simulation." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 8, no. 3: 1.

Research article
Published: 01 December 2015 in Advances in Mechanical Engineering
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Medium-consistency technology is known as the process with high efficiency and low pollution. The gas distribution was simulated in the medium-consistency pump with different degas hole positions. Rheological behaviors of pulp suspension were obtained by experimental test. A modified Herschel–Bulkley model and the Eulerian gas–liquid two-phase flow model were utilized to approximately represent the behaviors of the medium-consistency pulp suspension. The results show that when the relative position is 0.53, the gas volume ratio is less than 0.1% at the pump outlet and 9.8% at the vacuum inlet, and the pump head is at the maximum. Because of the different numbers of the impeller blades and turbulence blades and the asymmetric volute structure, the gas is distributed unevenly in the impeller. In addition, the pump performance was tested in experiment and the results are used to validate computational fluid dynamics outcomes.

ACS Style

Hong Li; Daoxing Ye; Chenhai Zou; Zhikuan Xue. Numerical investigation of degas performance on impeller of medium-consistency pump. Advances in Mechanical Engineering 2015, 7, 1 .

AMA Style

Hong Li, Daoxing Ye, Chenhai Zou, Zhikuan Xue. Numerical investigation of degas performance on impeller of medium-consistency pump. Advances in Mechanical Engineering. 2015; 7 (12):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hong Li; Daoxing Ye; Chenhai Zou; Zhikuan Xue. 2015. "Numerical investigation of degas performance on impeller of medium-consistency pump." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 7, no. 12: 1.

Journal article
Published: 04 March 2015 in Water Resources Management
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The optimal design of sprinkler irrigation systems is a complicated nonlinear programming problem that is related to the performance of the system and meanwhile an economic problem to farmers in developing countries. Ant colony optimization (ACO), a meta-heuristic algorithm with the strategies inspired by foraging ants, was considered. Exactly an Ant Cycle System was proposed to solve this problem. The performance of ACO was compared to that of Genetic Algorithm (GA), and the optimal results were further validated by field tests on four small-scale irrigation systems. In the optimization model, the objective function was minimizing the specific energy consumption subject to the constraints of pipe diameters, number of sprinklers and working pressure of the end sprinkler along the pipeline and pump-pipeline cooperation conditions. In the design of ACO, head loss between adjacent sprinklers was introduced in the heuristic function to represent the distance between two cities in a Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP). And the fitness composed of the specific energy consumption dealt with penalty function was taken instead of the total length of a route in the pheromone updating. The results indicate that the specific energy consumption has been decreased in average by 12.45 % through ACO, 10.27 % through GA and 11.27 % from field tests compared to that in the initial configurations with irrigation uniformities higher than 75 % in the field tests. ACO implementation outperforms genetic algorithm in efficiency and reliability especially in larger systems. The ACO may provide a promising approach for the optimization of irrigation systems.

ACS Style

Qin Tu; Hong Li; Xinkun Wang; Chao Chen. Ant Colony Optimization for the Design of Small-Scale Irrigation Systems. Water Resources Management 2015, 29, 2323 -2339.

AMA Style

Qin Tu, Hong Li, Xinkun Wang, Chao Chen. Ant Colony Optimization for the Design of Small-Scale Irrigation Systems. Water Resources Management. 2015; 29 (7):2323-2339.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Qin Tu; Hong Li; Xinkun Wang; Chao Chen. 2015. "Ant Colony Optimization for the Design of Small-Scale Irrigation Systems." Water Resources Management 29, no. 7: 2323-2339.

Journal article
Published: 01 April 2011 in Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering
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Compared with other rotating sprinklers, the fluidic sprinkler controlled by an outlet clearance has a simpler structure and better hydraulic performance. The offset effect, happening in the fluidic component of the sprinkler, drives the sprinkler and controls its rotational direction. Theoretical and experimental research are conducted to study the water offset jets with a small ratio of 0.675 for the 10PXH sprinkler and 0.355 for the 30PXH sprinkler in the fluidic components. Analytic solutions and other calculations deduce the reattachment lengths of the offset jets. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software simulates the offset flows in simplified models and real models of the fluidic components, in two dimensions and three dimensions, respectively, utilizing the volume of fluid (VOF) method to trace the shape of the interface between water and gas. Simulation results of the sidewall pressure distribution also obtain the reattachment lengths. The resulting experimental measurements of the static pressure and reattachment length are in line with the predicted results of the calculations and the simulations. These results indicate that CFD simulation can approximate the offset flow in fluidic components. On the basis of this study, some of the component sizes are confirmed.

ACS Style

Hong Li; Shou-Qi Yuan; Qing-Jiang Xiang; Chao Wang. Theoretical and Experimental Study on Water Offset Flow in Fluidic Component of Fluidic Sprinklers. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering 2011, 137, 234 -243.

AMA Style

Hong Li, Shou-Qi Yuan, Qing-Jiang Xiang, Chao Wang. Theoretical and Experimental Study on Water Offset Flow in Fluidic Component of Fluidic Sprinklers. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering. 2011; 137 (4):234-243.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hong Li; Shou-Qi Yuan; Qing-Jiang Xiang; Chao Wang. 2011. "Theoretical and Experimental Study on Water Offset Flow in Fluidic Component of Fluidic Sprinklers." Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering 137, no. 4: 234-243.