Laparoendoscopic single-site surgery (LESS) is a laparoscopic surgery in which a single small incision is made, associated with the use of a special device (single-port), or several small incisions grouped in one location (single-incision) are made, through which the laparoscopic trocars are inserted. The incision is made in the abdomen, preferably in the umbilicus. Certain peculiarities are noted in this approach, such as the difficulty, and sometimes the impossibility, of centering the image, the need to move both the camera and instruments together, requiring even more delicate and precise movements than in laparoscopy. Since information on training for LESS is scarce in the current literature, the authors report their experience with five different cases of this nature, performed in two porcine models, and then discuss a training plan for LESS. Five LESS procedures were performed in two pigs using different training techniques: two (one single-port and one single-incision) transumbilical laparoscopic cholecystectomies; one right-sided single-incision laparoscopic radical nephrectomy; one single-incision transumbilical laparoscopic radical nephrectomy; and one single-port transumbilical laparoscopic nephrectomy. Different from what was observed in the transition from open surgery to laparoscopy, the Halstedian model should not be used in the teaching of LESS since this procedure requires that professionals partner together, thus requiring not only the training of surgeons, but of the whole team. LESS procedures are feasible and considered as further refinements in laparoscopic techniques. However, the peculiarities and difficulties inherent in these procedures require a specific training program combining theory and practice. The authors believe that this training is essential to achieve proficiency levels before the technique can be tried on human subjects.

Com a finalidade de testar a solução hipersaturada de sal (na proporção de 1,5g de sal comercial para 1m de água tridestilada) como conservante, foram realizados implantes de pericárdio canino mantido neste meio, no mínimo por 90 dias, em lesões provocadas no músculo reto abdominal de 24 ratos Wistar. Previamente à implantação da membrana, a solução foi avaliada quanto a presença de bactérias e fungos, demonstrando resultados negativos. Durante o procedimento cirúrgico, foi removido um segmento da largura completa do músculo reto abdominal direito, de 1,5cm de comprimento. A lesão produzida foi preenchida com o implante, sendo este suturado às bordas musculares com fio de náilon monofilamentar 6-0 em padrão contínuo simples. Os animais operados foram subdivididos em seis grupos (I, II, III, IV, V, VI) de igual número, sendo posteriormente sacrificados aos três, cinco, sete,10, 15 e 30 dias do pós-operatório, afim de se realizar as avaliações macroscópica e histológica da região do implante. Nos exames macroscópico e histológico pôde-se constatar neovascularização no local reparado, que gradualmente foi decrescendo. Ao exame histológico foi observado a substituição gradativa do implante por tecido conjuntivo fibroso, sem a ocorrência de eliminação do implante ou contaminação. Através destes achados é possível afirmar que a solução hipersaturada de sal estudada, é um meio adequado para a conservação de pericárdio canino.

A 2-year-old female mixed-breed cat weighing 2.7 kg presented with recurrent rectal prolapse. The following report describes its treatment by laparoscopic-assisted incisional colopexy using two portals. The procedure was effective and without trans- or postoperative complications. Recurrent prolapses did not recur in the 2 months of postoperative observation.

Objectives: To test the feasibility of a new device for gasless laparoscopy in providing working space for diaphragmatic hernia repair in an ex vivo canine model as a pre‐clinical study.Study design: Technical feasibility study.Animal: Eight beagles and two greyhound cadavers (not client‐owned).Methods: The new device was used for abdominal traction in gasless laparoscopic reconstruction of diaphragmatic hernias produced in dog cadavers. It consists of three main parts (vertical and horizontal rods, a three‐piece structure, and a 3D‐printed unit that incorporates slots for haemostatic forceps). Composite hernias (two incisions of about 4 cm) were closed by an intra‐corporeal suture [suture group (GS), n = 5] or by a central suture and a polypropylene mesh [mesh group (GM), n = 5]. Surgical steps were T1 (primary port access up to third port placement), T2 (defect development), and T3 (diaphragmatic reconstruction). Total surgical time (TT) was also recorded.Results: The defect was successfully developed and reconstructed in all cadavers. To close the defect, 7.0 ± 0.7 crossed mattress sutures were required in the GS, and 15.2 ± 1.9 hernia staples and one intra‐corporal suture were used in the GM. T3 was longer (p = 0.0076) in GS (50.00 ± 16.46 min) than in GM (23.24 ± 5.25 min). TT was 87.22 ± 19.23 min in GS and 66.45 ± 6.38 min in GM (p = 0.0547).Conclusions: Gasless laparoscopic diaphragmatic hernia repair using the developed device is feasible in the canine cadaver model. Both suture and mesh graft techniques for experimental diaphragmatic herniorrhaphy can be performed using this new device in this pre‐clinical model.Clinical significance: This new device for gasless laparoscopy allows diaphragmatic herniorrhaphy by intra‐corporeal suture or mesh implantation in ex vivo canine model. The device demonstrates potential for future use in clinical cases.

Mesothelioma is a very aggressive malignant tumor with low survival rates that is often diagnosed belatedly. Pericardial effusion is a common consequence in cases of mesothelioma, with pericardiocentesis and pericardiectomy indicated; therefor thoracocentesis is necessary to drain the contents no longer retained in the pericardium. The present report describes a mesothelioma – carrying dog with a history of cardiac tamponade that underwent thoracoscopic pericardiectomy and, later, thoracoscopic implantation of a fully implantable catheter to function as a thoracic drain. In the consulted literature, there is no use of a fully implantable catheter for this purpose. The authors consider that there was an improvement in the quality of life.

The elective ovariohysterectomy (OH) is the most frequent procedures performed in dogs. In this study was used three groups of seven animals each (GI, GII, and GIII) that was undergone to three elective OH techniques: (i) mini-celiotomy (Snook-hook technique), (ii) hybrid Natural Orifice Translumenal Endoscopic Surgery (NOTES), and (iii) celiotomy (conventional surgery). The surgical techniques were compared considering the surgery time, trans and postoperative complications, technical difficulties, postoperative pain, surgical bleedind and some vital parameters as: heart rate (FC), respiratory rate (), rectal temperature, invasive blood pressure (PVI) and central venous pressure (PVC). The OH by hybrid vaginal NOTES was the technique with the lowest post-surgical discomfort score and the lowest surgical bleeding, although its surgical time was higher compared to the conventional and the hook (mini-celiotomy) modalities