The implementation of increased space exploration missions reduces the distance between human beings and outer space. Although it is impossible for everyone to enter the remote outer space, virtual environments could provide computer-based digital spaces that we can observe, participate in, and experience. In this study, Sino-InSpace, a digital simulation platform, was developed to support the construction of virtual space environments. The input data are divided into two types, the environment element and the entity object, that are then supported by the unified time-space datum. The platform adopted the pyramid model and octree index to preprocess the geographic and space environment data, which ensured the efficiency of data loading and browsing. To describe objects perfectly, they were abstracted and modeled based on four aspects including attributes, ephemeris, geometry, and behavior. Then, the platform performed the organization of a visual scenario based on logical modeling and data modeling; in addition, it ensured smooth and flexible visual scenario displays using efficient data and rendering engines. Multilevel modes (application directly, visualization development, and scientific analysis) were designed to support multilevel applications for users from different grades and fields. Each mode provided representative case studies, which also demonstrated the capabilities of the platform for data integration, visualization, process deduction, and auxiliary analysis. Finally, a user study with human participants was conducted from multiple views (usability, user acceptance, presence, and software design). The results indicate that Sino-InSpace performs well in simulation for virtual space environments, while a virtual reality setup is beneficial for promoting the experience.

With the advancement of various technologies, the research and application of space object optical characteristic (SOOC), one of the main characteristics of space objects, are faced with new challenges. Current diverse structures of massive SOOC data cannot be stored and retrieved effectively. Moreover, SOOC processing and application platforms are inconvenient to build and deploy, while researchers’ innovative algorithms cannot be applied effectively, thereby limiting the promotion of the research achievements. To provide a scaffolding platform for users with different needs, this paper proposes SOOCP, a SOOC data and analysis service platform based on microservice architecture. Using the hybrid Structured Query Language (SQL)/NoSQL service, the platform provides efficient data storage and retrieval services for users at different levels. For promoting research achievements and reusing existing online services, the proposed heterogeneous function integration service assists researchers and developers in independently integrating algorithmic modules, functional modules, and existing online services to meet high concurrency requests with a unified interface. To evaluate the platform, three research cases with different requirement levels were considered. The results showed that SOOCP performs well by providing various data and function integration services for different levels of demand.

After publication of the research paper [1], two identical figures were pointed out: Figure 18 and Figure 19. In fact, the wrong figure was Figure 19