The effect of TiO₂ nanoparticle (NP) content on the improvement of poly(9,9′-di-n-octylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl) (PFO)/Fluorol 7GA organic light emitting diode (OLED) performance is demonstrated here. The PFO/Fluorol 7GA blend with specific ratios of TiO₂ NPs was prepared via a solution blending method before being spin-coated onto an indium tin oxide (ITO) substrate to act as an emissive layer in OLEDs. A thin aluminum layer as top electrode was deposited onto the emissive layer using the electron beam chamber. Improvement electron injection from the cathode was achieved upon incorporation of TiO₂ NPs into the PFO/Fluorol 7GA blend, thus producing devices with intense luminance and lower turn-on voltage. The ITO/(PFO/Fluorol 7GA/TiO₂)/Al OLED device exhibited maximum electroluminescence intensity and luminance at 25 wt % of TiO₂ NPs, while maximum luminance efficiency was achieved with 15 wt % TiO₂ NP content. In addition, this work proved that the performance of the devices was strongly affected by the surface morphology, which in turn depended on the TiO₂ NP content.

Highly porous ZnO nanoflakes were successfully prepared using a microwave-assisted hydrothermal method. The presence of aluminum changes the environment of the preparation reaction, which controlled the crystallographic orientation. The unique morphology and properties of ZnO nanoflakes may be due to the effect of microwave irradiation and the ambient condition. The approach is very simple and there is rapid growth of around 3 μ m ZnO within 30 min. The mechanism of the construction of unique ZnO nanoflake growth using the present approach is proposed. Hence, the prospective performance of ethanol vapor sensing for the rapid growth of ZnO porous nanostructures was investigated.

The effect of TiO₂ nanoparticles on the photophysical properties of ternary conjugated polymer (CP) blends of poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene-2,7-diyl) (PFO), poly 9,9-dioctylfluorene-alt-benzothiadiazole (F8BT) and poly(2-methoxy-5(2-ethylhexyl)-1,4 -phenylenevinylene (MEH-PPV) thin films was investigated. This ternary blend used a fixed amount of PFO as the donor with MEH-PPV and F8BT in various ratios as the acceptors. The solution-blending method and the spin-coating technique were used to prepare the blends and the thin films, respectively. Through efficient Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET), the desired white emission was achieved with PFO/0.3 wt.% F8BT/0.5 wt.% MEH-PPV ternary blend thin film. Additions of nanoparticles up to 10 wt.% dramatically intensified the white emission which then dimmed at higher contents due to agglomerations. The current density–voltage characteristics of the nanocomposite thin films exhibited dependency on the content and distributions of the nanoparticles. Finally, a possible underlying mechanism for the intensification of emission is proposed.