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Prof. Dr. Ana Estanqueiro
LNEG - National Laboratory for Energy and Geology

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0 Distributed Generation
0 Electrical Engineering
0 Renewable Energy
0 Power Systems Planning with Renewable Energy
0 Grid Integration of Renewable Generation

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Grid Integration of Renewable Generation

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Journal article
Published: 26 February 2021 in Energies
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Renewable generation and energy storage systems are technologies which evoke the future energy paradigm. While these technologies have reached their technological maturity, the way they are integrated and operated in the future smart grids still presents several challenges. Microgrids appear as a key technology to pave the path towards the integration and optimized operation in smart grids. However, the optimization of microgrids considered as a set of subsystems introduces a high degree of complexity in the associated control problem. Model Predictive Control (MPC) is a control methodology which has been satisfactorily applied to solve complex control problems in the industry and also currently it is widely researched and adopted in the research community. This paper reviews the application of MPC to microgrids from the point of view of their main functionalities, describing the design methodology and the main current advances. Finally, challenges and future perspectives of MPC and its applications in microgrids are described and summarized.

ACS Style

Felix Garcia-Torres; Ascension Zafra-Cabeza; Carlos Silva; Stephane Grieu; Tejaswinee Darure; Ana Estanqueiro. Model Predictive Control for Microgrid Functionalities: Review and Future Challenges. Energies 2021, 14, 1296 .

AMA Style

Felix Garcia-Torres, Ascension Zafra-Cabeza, Carlos Silva, Stephane Grieu, Tejaswinee Darure, Ana Estanqueiro. Model Predictive Control for Microgrid Functionalities: Review and Future Challenges. Energies. 2021; 14 (5):1296.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Felix Garcia-Torres; Ascension Zafra-Cabeza; Carlos Silva; Stephane Grieu; Tejaswinee Darure; Ana Estanqueiro. 2021. "Model Predictive Control for Microgrid Functionalities: Review and Future Challenges." Energies 14, no. 5: 1296.

Journal article
Published: 10 August 2020 in Energies
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Understanding the spatiotemporal complementarity of wind and solar power generation and their combined capability to meet the demand of electricity is a crucial step towards increasing their share in power systems without neglecting neither the security of supply nor the overall cost efficiency of the power system operation. This work proposes a methodology to exploit the complementarity of the wind and solar primary resources and electricity demand in planning the expansion of electric power systems. Scenarios that exploit the strategic combined deployment of wind and solar power against scenarios based only on the development of an individual renewable power source are compared and analysed. For each scenario of the power system development, the characterization of the additional power capacity, typical daily profile, extreme values, and energy deficit are assessed. The method is applied to a Portuguese case study and results show that coupled scenarios based on the strategic combined development of wind and solar generation provide a more sustainable way to increase the share of variable renewables into the power system (up to 68% for an annual energy exceedance of 10% for the renewable generation) when compared to scenarios based on an individual renewable power source. Combined development also enables to reduce the overall variability and extreme values of a power system net load.

ACS Style

António Couto; Ana Estanqueiro. Exploring Wind and Solar PV Generation Complementarity to Meet Electricity Demand. Energies 2020, 13, 4132 .

AMA Style

António Couto, Ana Estanqueiro. Exploring Wind and Solar PV Generation Complementarity to Meet Electricity Demand. Energies. 2020; 13 (16):4132.

Chicago/Turabian Style

António Couto; Ana Estanqueiro. 2020. "Exploring Wind and Solar PV Generation Complementarity to Meet Electricity Demand." Energies 13, no. 16: 4132.

Advanced review
Published: 27 May 2020 in Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Energy and Environment
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Rapidly increasing levels of variable inverter‐based renewable energy sources (are quickly changing electric power systems and prompting questions about how the systems will be operated when renewable generation becomes the dominant technologies. In this article, we review the status of this shifting paradigm in power systems throughout the world. We then review the implications of this shift, focusing on the rising challenges, and we provide an overview and technology‐readiness classifications of some proposed mitigation strategies. Finally, we highlight outstanding questions that will require solutions to reach these ultrahigh shares of variable inverter‐based renewable energy sources. This article is categorized under: Wind Power > Systems and Infrastructure Energy Systems Economics > Systems and Infrastructure Energy Infrastructure > Systems and Infrastructure

ACS Style

Bri‐Mathias S. Hodge; Himanshu Jain; Carlo Brancucci; Gab‐Su Seo; Magnus Korpås; Juha Kiviluoma; Hannele Holttinen; James Charles Smith; Antje Orths; Ana Estanqueiro; Lennart Söder; Damian Flynn; Til Kristian Vrana; Rick Wallace Kenyon; Benjamin Kroposki. Addressing technical challenges in 100% variable inverter‐based renewable energy power systems. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Energy and Environment 2020, 9, 1 .

AMA Style

Bri‐Mathias S. Hodge, Himanshu Jain, Carlo Brancucci, Gab‐Su Seo, Magnus Korpås, Juha Kiviluoma, Hannele Holttinen, James Charles Smith, Antje Orths, Ana Estanqueiro, Lennart Söder, Damian Flynn, Til Kristian Vrana, Rick Wallace Kenyon, Benjamin Kroposki. Addressing technical challenges in 100% variable inverter‐based renewable energy power systems. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Energy and Environment. 2020; 9 (5):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bri‐Mathias S. Hodge; Himanshu Jain; Carlo Brancucci; Gab‐Su Seo; Magnus Korpås; Juha Kiviluoma; Hannele Holttinen; James Charles Smith; Antje Orths; Ana Estanqueiro; Lennart Söder; Damian Flynn; Til Kristian Vrana; Rick Wallace Kenyon; Benjamin Kroposki. 2020. "Addressing technical challenges in 100% variable inverter‐based renewable energy power systems." Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Energy and Environment 9, no. 5: 1.

Journal article
Published: 30 November 2019 in Energies
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Most existing energy markets (EMs) were not designed to take into account an active participation of variable renewable energy (VRE). This situation results typically in imbalances and substantial costs in balancing markets. Such costs are reflected both in the energy and the VRE parts of the consumer tariffs. Both appropriate market products and new elements of market design may largely facilitate the large-scale integration of VRE in EMs. Accordingly, this article presents a new bilateral energy contract and introduces two new marketplaces that can contribute to reduce the imbalances resulting from VRE producers. It also presents a study conducted with the help of an agent-based tool, called MATREM. The results indicate a significant decrease in the imbalances and the associated costs.

ACS Style

Hugo Algarvio; Fernando Lopes; António Couto; Ana Estanqueiro; João Santana. Variable Renewable Energy and Market Design: New Products and a Real-World Study. Energies 2019, 12, 4576 .

AMA Style

Hugo Algarvio, Fernando Lopes, António Couto, Ana Estanqueiro, João Santana. Variable Renewable Energy and Market Design: New Products and a Real-World Study. Energies. 2019; 12 (23):4576.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hugo Algarvio; Fernando Lopes; António Couto; Ana Estanqueiro; João Santana. 2019. "Variable Renewable Energy and Market Design: New Products and a Real-World Study." Energies 12, no. 23: 4576.

Review
Published: 22 November 2019 in Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
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The integration of renewable energy sources, including wind power, in the adequacy assessment of electricity generation capacity becomes increasingly important as renewable energy generation increases in volume and replaces conventional power plants. The contribution of wind power to cover the electricity demand is less certain than conventional power sources; therefore, the capacity value of wind power is smaller than that of conventional plants. This article presents an overview of the adequacy challenge, how wind power is handled in the regulation of capacity adequacy, and how wind power is treated in a selection of jurisdictions. The jurisdictions included in the overview are Sweden, Great Britain, France, Ireland, United States (PJM and ERCOT), Finland, Portugal, Spain, Norway, Denmark, Belgium, Germany, Italy and the Netherlands.

ACS Style

Lennart Söder; Egill Tómasson; Ana Estanqueiro; Damian Flynn; Bri-Mathias Hodge; Juha Kiviluoma; Magnus Korpås; Emmanuel Neau; António Couto; Danny Pudjianto; Goran Strbac; Daniel Burke; Tomás Gómez; Kaushik Das; Nicolaos Antonio Cutululis; Dirk Van Hertem; Hanspeter Höschle; Julia Matevosyan; Serafin von Roon; Enrico Maria Carlini; Mauro Caprabianca; Laurens de Vries. Review of wind generation within adequacy calculations and capacity markets for different power systems. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2019, 119, 109540 .

AMA Style

Lennart Söder, Egill Tómasson, Ana Estanqueiro, Damian Flynn, Bri-Mathias Hodge, Juha Kiviluoma, Magnus Korpås, Emmanuel Neau, António Couto, Danny Pudjianto, Goran Strbac, Daniel Burke, Tomás Gómez, Kaushik Das, Nicolaos Antonio Cutululis, Dirk Van Hertem, Hanspeter Höschle, Julia Matevosyan, Serafin von Roon, Enrico Maria Carlini, Mauro Caprabianca, Laurens de Vries. Review of wind generation within adequacy calculations and capacity markets for different power systems. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2019; 119 ():109540.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lennart Söder; Egill Tómasson; Ana Estanqueiro; Damian Flynn; Bri-Mathias Hodge; Juha Kiviluoma; Magnus Korpås; Emmanuel Neau; António Couto; Danny Pudjianto; Goran Strbac; Daniel Burke; Tomás Gómez; Kaushik Das; Nicolaos Antonio Cutululis; Dirk Van Hertem; Hanspeter Höschle; Julia Matevosyan; Serafin von Roon; Enrico Maria Carlini; Mauro Caprabianca; Laurens de Vries. 2019. "Review of wind generation within adequacy calculations and capacity markets for different power systems." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 119, no. : 109540.

Conference paper
Published: 24 October 2019 in Journal of Physics: Conference Series
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An accurate offshore wind resource assessment is a key tool for planning marine wind renewable exploitation. To achieve this goal, without resort to an extensive and costly network of anemometric stations or buoys, it becomes necessary to use the so-called atmospheric mesoscale models. This work presents a high spatial resolution (1x1 km) offshore wind resource Atlas for Portugal and the model calibration steps. During the calibration steps, the most adequate: i) atmospheric parameterizations - physics options, ii) initial and boundary conditions (IBC) meteorological datasets, and iii) data assimilation scheme were achieved through sensitivity tests using the common statistical metrics and hourly simulated/observational data. Results show that the most significant improvements are associated with the IBC dataset and the data assimilation scheme used. Thus, the results show that the assimilation procedures coupled with the new ERA-5 reanalysis dataset reduce significantly the errors of the wind speed and direction, especially the normalized mean square error. This reduction, depending on the different calibration setup, can be above 50%. The new Atlas confirms the previous indicators, Portugal presents a high wind power potential, especially for deep offshore regions.

ACS Style

A Couto; J Silva; P Costa; D Santos; T Simões; A Estanqueiro. Towards a high-resolution offshore wind Atlas - The Portuguese Case. Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2019, 1356, 012029 .

AMA Style

A Couto, J Silva, P Costa, D Santos, T Simões, A Estanqueiro. Towards a high-resolution offshore wind Atlas - The Portuguese Case. Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 2019; 1356 (1):012029.

Chicago/Turabian Style

A Couto; J Silva; P Costa; D Santos; T Simões; A Estanqueiro. 2019. "Towards a high-resolution offshore wind Atlas - The Portuguese Case." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1356, no. 1: 012029.

Journal article
Published: 23 September 2019 in IEEE Transactions on Power Systems
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The enhancement of economic sustainability and the reduction of GHG emissions in most of the small isolated regions strongly depends on reducing their use of imported fossil fuels. To evaluate the effectiveness of interconnecting small islands in promoting renewable penetration levels increase and cost reductions, this work proposes a multiyear expansion-planning optimization model for the Azores archipelago that considers: 1) the interconnection between the different islands using DC submarine power cables; and 2) the addition of new in-land renewable power plants. The main goal of these expansion plans is to minimize the power system's investment and operational costs. Obtained results showed that interconnections between small isolated power systems (even if not with mainland grids) strongly contribute to a to a more sustainable performance of these regions from both the economic and environmental perspectives.

ACS Style

Ana Rita Silva; Ana Estanqueiro. Optimal Planning of Isolated Power Systems with near 100% of Renewable Energy. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems 2019, 35, 1274 -1283.

AMA Style

Ana Rita Silva, Ana Estanqueiro. Optimal Planning of Isolated Power Systems with near 100% of Renewable Energy. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems. 2019; 35 (2):1274-1283.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ana Rita Silva; Ana Estanqueiro. 2019. "Optimal Planning of Isolated Power Systems with near 100% of Renewable Energy." IEEE Transactions on Power Systems 35, no. 2: 1274-1283.

Journal article
Published: 18 July 2019 in Energies
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Currently, in most European electricity markets, power bids are based on forecasts performed 12 to 36 hours ahead. Actual wind power forecast systems still lead to large errors, which may strongly impact electricity market outcomes. Accordingly, this article analyzes the impact of the wind power forecast uncertainty and the change of the day-ahead market gate closure on both the market-clearing prices and the outcomes of the balancing market. To this end, it presents a simulation-based study conducted with the help of an agent-based tool, called MATREM. The results support the following conclusion: a change in the gate closure to a time closer to real-time operation is beneficial to market participants and the energy system generally.

ACS Style

Hugo Algarvio; António Couto; Fernando Lopes; Ana Estanqueiro. Changing the Day-Ahead Gate Closure to Wind Power Integration: A Simulation-Based Study. Energies 2019, 12, 2765 .

AMA Style

Hugo Algarvio, António Couto, Fernando Lopes, Ana Estanqueiro. Changing the Day-Ahead Gate Closure to Wind Power Integration: A Simulation-Based Study. Energies. 2019; 12 (14):2765.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hugo Algarvio; António Couto; Fernando Lopes; Ana Estanqueiro. 2019. "Changing the Day-Ahead Gate Closure to Wind Power Integration: A Simulation-Based Study." Energies 12, no. 14: 2765.

Focus article
Published: 06 March 2019 in WIREs Energy and Environment
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At present, a harmonized pan‐European electricity market (EM) is a close reality. While in day‐ahead markets (DAMs) the harmonization is at an advanced stage, in balancing markets (BMs) still exist some challenging issues, notably the remuneration of imbalances: some countries have simple and clear methods, but others consider complex methods that are not appealing to the participation of variable renewable energy (VRE). The participation of VRE in BMs is technically feasible, although with some restrictions to guarantee security and stability. Thus the economic attractiveness of these markets should be increased in order to enable full integration of VRE without feed‐in‐tariffs or other incentives. This article presents an overview of EMs, focusing on European BMs, and also investigates the benefits of the participation of wind power producers (WPPs) in BMs at both economic and technical levels. In particular, the article presents a new strategy allowing WPPs to bid in BMs. It also presents a study involving four scenarios, where WPPs participate in: (a) the DAM (baseline scenario), (b) the DAM and the automatic‐activated frequency restoration reserve market, (c) the DAM and the manually activated FRR (mFRR) market, and (d) the DAM and a 15‐min mFRR market. The simulations are performed with the agent‐based system MATREM (for Multi‐Agent TRading in EMs). For the last scenario, the results indicate an increase around 6% in the wind energy value to the market, a decrease of 12% in the total reserve used, and a decrease around 16% in the costs from the BM. This article is categorized under: Wind Power > Systems and Infrastructure Wind Power > Economics and Policy Energy Systems Analysis > Economics and Policy

ACS Style

Hugo Algarvio; Fernando Lopes; António Couto; Ana Estanqueiro. Participation of wind power producers in day‐ahead and balancing markets: An overview and a simulation‐based study. WIREs Energy and Environment 2019, 8, 1 .

AMA Style

Hugo Algarvio, Fernando Lopes, António Couto, Ana Estanqueiro. Participation of wind power producers in day‐ahead and balancing markets: An overview and a simulation‐based study. WIREs Energy and Environment. 2019; 8 (5):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hugo Algarvio; Fernando Lopes; António Couto; Ana Estanqueiro. 2019. "Participation of wind power producers in day‐ahead and balancing markets: An overview and a simulation‐based study." WIREs Energy and Environment 8, no. 5: 1.

Journal article
Published: 11 September 2018 in Renewable Energy
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The present paper presents the methodology and development of a planning tool for the installation of marine renewable energy systems, which enables the identification of suitable areas for this purpose. The marine spatial planning is one of the challenges of the offshore renewable energies. This is one of the reasons to write this paper, because there are areas where the energy potential is great but with real limitations for installing an offshore renewable energy farm. This methodology is based on the development of automated and interactive GIS tools in order to enable the user to change inputs according to his research objectives. The developed tools are applied to a case study referring to the Portuguese coast and the obtained results enable the identification of several areas, suitable for the development of marine renewable energies projects. The methodology and the developed tools intend to be a contribution for the Maritime Spatial Planning of the Portuguese coast and can be applied to other countries as well whenever the necessary information is available.

ACS Style

Laura Castro-Santos; Geuffer Prado Garcia; Teresa Simões; Ana Estanqueiro. Planning of the installation of offshore renewable energies: A GIS approach of the Portuguese roadmap. Renewable Energy 2018, 132, 1251 -1262.

AMA Style

Laura Castro-Santos, Geuffer Prado Garcia, Teresa Simões, Ana Estanqueiro. Planning of the installation of offshore renewable energies: A GIS approach of the Portuguese roadmap. Renewable Energy. 2018; 132 ():1251-1262.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Laura Castro-Santos; Geuffer Prado Garcia; Teresa Simões; Ana Estanqueiro. 2018. "Planning of the installation of offshore renewable energies: A GIS approach of the Portuguese roadmap." Renewable Energy 132, no. : 1251-1262.

Journal article
Published: 01 April 2018 in Renewable Energy and Power Quality Journal
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ACS Style

J. Duque; Uer Lneg. Lisboa. Portugal; D. Santos; A. Couto; Ana Estanqueiro. Optimal management of power networks using a dynamic line rating approach. Renewable Energy and Power Quality Journal 2018, 1, 584 -589.

AMA Style

J. Duque, Uer Lneg. Lisboa. Portugal, D. Santos, A. Couto, Ana Estanqueiro. Optimal management of power networks using a dynamic line rating approach. Renewable Energy and Power Quality Journal. 2018; 1 ():584-589.

Chicago/Turabian Style

J. Duque; Uer Lneg. Lisboa. Portugal; D. Santos; A. Couto; Ana Estanqueiro. 2018. "Optimal management of power networks using a dynamic line rating approach." Renewable Energy and Power Quality Journal 1, no. : 584-589.

Journal article
Published: 23 September 2017 in Energies
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The increase in the wind power predictability assumes a very important role for secure power system operation at minimum costs, especially in situations with severe changes in wind power production. In order to improve the forecast of such events, also known as “wind power ramp events”, the underlying role of some severe meteorological phenomena in triggering wind power ramps must be clearly understood. In this paper, windstorm and cyclone detection algorithms are implemented using historical reanalysis data allowing the identification of key characteristics (e.g., location, intensity and trajectories) of the events with the highest impact on the wind power ramp events in Portugal. The results show a strong association between cyclones/windstorms and wind power ramp events. Moreover, the results highlight that it is possible to use some features of these meteorological phenomena to detect, in an early stage, severe wind power ramps thus creating the possibility to develop operational decision tools in order to support the security of power systems with high amounts of wind power generation.

ACS Style

Madalena Lacerda; António Couto; Ana Estanqueiro. Wind Power Ramps Driven by Windstorms and Cyclones. Energies 2017, 10, 1475 .

AMA Style

Madalena Lacerda, António Couto, Ana Estanqueiro. Wind Power Ramps Driven by Windstorms and Cyclones. Energies. 2017; 10 (10):1475.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Madalena Lacerda; António Couto; Ana Estanqueiro. 2017. "Wind Power Ramps Driven by Windstorms and Cyclones." Energies 10, no. 10: 1475.

Journal article
Published: 29 May 2017 in Advances in Science and Research
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Europe is facing the challenge of increasing shares of energy from variable renewable sources. Furthermore, it is heading towards a fully integrated electricity market, i.e. a Europe-wide electricity system. The stable operation of this large-scale renewable power system requires detailed information on the amount of electricity being transmitted now and in the future. To estimate the actual amount of electricity, upscaling algorithms are applied. Those algorithms – until now – however, only exist for smaller regions (e.g. transmission zones and single wind farms). The aim of this study is to introduce a new approach to estimate Europe-wide wind power generation based on spatio-temporal clustering. We furthermore show that training the upscaling model for different prevailing weather situations allows to further reduce the number of reference sites without losing accuracy.

ACS Style

Bruno U. Schyska; António Couto; Lueder Von Bremen; Ana Estanqueiro; Detlev Heinemann. Weather dependent estimation of continent-wide wind power generation based on spatio-temporal clustering. Advances in Science and Research 2017, 14, 131 -138.

AMA Style

Bruno U. Schyska, António Couto, Lueder Von Bremen, Ana Estanqueiro, Detlev Heinemann. Weather dependent estimation of continent-wide wind power generation based on spatio-temporal clustering. Advances in Science and Research. 2017; 14 ():131-138.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bruno U. Schyska; António Couto; Lueder Von Bremen; Ana Estanqueiro; Detlev Heinemann. 2017. "Weather dependent estimation of continent-wide wind power generation based on spatio-temporal clustering." Advances in Science and Research 14, no. : 131-138.

Review
Published: 01 November 2016 in Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
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ACS Style

Lori Bird; Debra Lew; Michael Milligan; E. Maria Carlini; Ana Estanqueiro; Damian Flynn; Emilio Gomez-Lazaro; Hannele Holttinen; Nickie Menemenlis; Antje Orths; Peter Børre Eriksen; J. Charles Smith; Lennart Soder; Poul Ejnar Sørensen; Argyrios Altiparmakis; Yoh Yasuda; John Miller. Wind and solar energy curtailment: A review of international experience. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2016, 65, 577 -586.

AMA Style

Lori Bird, Debra Lew, Michael Milligan, E. Maria Carlini, Ana Estanqueiro, Damian Flynn, Emilio Gomez-Lazaro, Hannele Holttinen, Nickie Menemenlis, Antje Orths, Peter Børre Eriksen, J. Charles Smith, Lennart Soder, Poul Ejnar Sørensen, Argyrios Altiparmakis, Yoh Yasuda, John Miller. Wind and solar energy curtailment: A review of international experience. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2016; 65 ():577-586.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lori Bird; Debra Lew; Michael Milligan; E. Maria Carlini; Ana Estanqueiro; Damian Flynn; Emilio Gomez-Lazaro; Hannele Holttinen; Nickie Menemenlis; Antje Orths; Peter Børre Eriksen; J. Charles Smith; Lennart Soder; Poul Ejnar Sørensen; Argyrios Altiparmakis; Yoh Yasuda; John Miller. 2016. "Wind and solar energy curtailment: A review of international experience." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 65, no. : 577-586.

Conference paper
Published: 01 September 2016 in 2016 IEEE 16th International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering (EEEIC)
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Wind power forecasting is an important tool to better integrate wind power into different electricity market frameworks. In the case of a Portuguese wind producer participating in the day-ahead market, the forecast is based on the initial and boundary conditions (IC) from the meteorological global models at 06:00 UTC in the day before the operation. Consequently, this constitutes a gap of 18 hours between the IC and the first delivery hour. Taking into account the availability of meteorological global forecast models data, this work investigates the influence of this gap's reduction and the resultant certainty gain effect of using the IC provided by the models at times nearer to the first delivery hour to the day-ahead electricity market. The certainty gain is estimated by using a probabilistic wind power forecast methodology coupled with a 2-stage stochastic optimization model in order to provide the bid volumes for the day-ahead market that enable maximum profit with an acceptable risk to a wind power producer. Expected imbalance values considering the actual IC (6:00 UTC) and proposed IC's (12:00 and 18:00 UTC) are compared. The results obtained demonstrate that the IC used for the wind power forecast strictly determines forecast accuracy for the day-ahead market. Therefore, market adaptations are recommended to deal with the wind power variability and uncertainty avoiding negotiations on the adjustment and reserve markets at higher costs.

ACS Style

Antonio Couto; Luis Rodrigues; Paulo Costa; Joao Silva; Ana Estanqueiro. Wind power participation in electricity markets — The role of wind power forecasts. 2016 IEEE 16th International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering (EEEIC) 2016, 1 -6.

AMA Style

Antonio Couto, Luis Rodrigues, Paulo Costa, Joao Silva, Ana Estanqueiro. Wind power participation in electricity markets — The role of wind power forecasts. 2016 IEEE 16th International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering (EEEIC). 2016; ():1-6.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Antonio Couto; Luis Rodrigues; Paulo Costa; Joao Silva; Ana Estanqueiro. 2016. "Wind power participation in electricity markets — The role of wind power forecasts." 2016 IEEE 16th International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering (EEEIC) , no. : 1-6.

Advanced review
Published: 20 June 2016 in WIREs Energy and Environment
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Hydro power is one of the most flexible sources of electricity production. Power systems with considerable amounts of flexible hydro power potentially offer easier integration of variable generation, e.g., wind and solar. However, there exist operational constraints to ensure mid‐/long‐term security of supply while keeping river flows and reservoirs levels within permitted limits. In order to properly assess the effective available hydro power flexibility and its value for storage, a detailed assessment of hydro power is essential. Due to the inherent uncertainty of the weather‐dependent hydrological cycle, regulation constraints on the hydro system, and uncertainty of internal load as well as variable generation (wind and solar), this assessment is complex. Hence, it requires proper modeling of all the underlying interactions between hydro power and the power system, with a large share of other variable renewables. A summary of existing experience of wind integration in hydro‐dominated power systems clearly points to strict simulation methodologies. Recommendations include requirements for techno‐economic models to correctly assess strategies for hydro power and pumped storage dispatch. These models are based not only on seasonal water inflow variations but also on variable generation, and all these are in time horizons from very short term up to multiple years, depending on the studied system. Another important recommendation is to include a geographically detailed description of hydro power systems, rivers’ flows, and reservoirs as well as grid topology and congestion. WIREs Energy Environ 2017, 6:e220. doi: 10.1002/wene.220 This article is categorized under: Wind Power > Science and Materials Wind Power > Systems and Infrastructure

ACS Style

Daniel Huertas-Hernando; Hossein Farahmand; Hannele Holttinen; Juha Kiviluoma; Erkka Rinne; Lennart Söder; Michael Milligan; Eduardo Ibanez; Sergio Martín Martínez; Emilio Gomez-Lazaro; Ana Estanqueiro; Luis Rodrigues; Luis Carr; Serafin Van Roon; Antje Gesa Orths; Peter Børre Eriksen; Alain Forcione; Nickie Menemenlis. Hydro power flexibility for power systems with variable renewable energy sources: an IEA Task 25 collaboration. WIREs Energy and Environment 2016, 6, e220 .

AMA Style

Daniel Huertas-Hernando, Hossein Farahmand, Hannele Holttinen, Juha Kiviluoma, Erkka Rinne, Lennart Söder, Michael Milligan, Eduardo Ibanez, Sergio Martín Martínez, Emilio Gomez-Lazaro, Ana Estanqueiro, Luis Rodrigues, Luis Carr, Serafin Van Roon, Antje Gesa Orths, Peter Børre Eriksen, Alain Forcione, Nickie Menemenlis. Hydro power flexibility for power systems with variable renewable energy sources: an IEA Task 25 collaboration. WIREs Energy and Environment. 2016; 6 (1):e220.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Daniel Huertas-Hernando; Hossein Farahmand; Hannele Holttinen; Juha Kiviluoma; Erkka Rinne; Lennart Söder; Michael Milligan; Eduardo Ibanez; Sergio Martín Martínez; Emilio Gomez-Lazaro; Ana Estanqueiro; Luis Rodrigues; Luis Carr; Serafin Van Roon; Antje Gesa Orths; Peter Børre Eriksen; Alain Forcione; Nickie Menemenlis. 2016. "Hydro power flexibility for power systems with variable renewable energy sources: an IEA Task 25 collaboration." WIREs Energy and Environment 6, no. 1: e220.

Conference paper
Published: 01 June 2016 in Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing
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This article uses an agent-based system to analyze the potential impacts of variable generation on wholesale electricity markets. Specifically, the article presents some important features of the agent-based system, introduces a method to forecast wind power, and describes a case study to analyze the impact of both wind forecast errors and high levels of wind generation on the outcomes of the day-ahead market. The case study involved two simulations: a base case, where the market closes at 12:00 noon and the bids of a wind producer agent are based on a forecast performed 12 to 36 hours ahead, and an updated forecast case, where the market closes at 6:00 p.m. and the bids of the wind producer agent are based on an updated forecast. The results indicate that wind power forecast uncertainty may indeed influence market prices, highlighting the importance of adaptations to the market closing time.

ACS Style

Hugo Algarvio; António Couto; Fernando Lopes; Ana Estanqueiro; João Santana. Multi-Agent Energy Markets with High Levels of Renewable Generation: A Case-Study on Forecast Uncertainty and Market Closing Time. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing 2016, 339 -347.

AMA Style

Hugo Algarvio, António Couto, Fernando Lopes, Ana Estanqueiro, João Santana. Multi-Agent Energy Markets with High Levels of Renewable Generation: A Case-Study on Forecast Uncertainty and Market Closing Time. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. 2016; ():339-347.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hugo Algarvio; António Couto; Fernando Lopes; Ana Estanqueiro; João Santana. 2016. "Multi-Agent Energy Markets with High Levels of Renewable Generation: A Case-Study on Forecast Uncertainty and Market Closing Time." Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing , no. : 339-347.

Conference paper
Published: 01 June 2016 in 2016 13th International Conference on the European Energy Market (EEM)
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Wind power is increasingly integrated into power systems through electricity markets. To make the market operation economically possible for wind power producers, the period between bids and delivery (gate closure time) is crucial. Wind power will experience larger forecast errors the longer the gate closure time. This paper presents a case study for wind power producers in Portugal (MIBEL) and Finland and Denmark (Nordpool). Historical wind power forecasts and realized generation together with market prices are used as an example. First the day-ahead and balancing prices are analyzed to see impacts of existing wind power in the markets. Then analyses of imbalance costs are made to illustrate the benefits of shorter gate closure times for wind power producers. The option for wind power producers to become active agents also in imbalance markets is explored, by bidding part of the forecast error one hour before.

ACS Style

Hannele Holttinen; Jari J. Miettinen; Antonio Couto; Hugo Algarvio; Luis Rodrigues; Ana Estanqueiro. Wind power producers in shorter gate closure markets and balancing markets. 2016 13th International Conference on the European Energy Market (EEM) 2016, 1 -5.

AMA Style

Hannele Holttinen, Jari J. Miettinen, Antonio Couto, Hugo Algarvio, Luis Rodrigues, Ana Estanqueiro. Wind power producers in shorter gate closure markets and balancing markets. 2016 13th International Conference on the European Energy Market (EEM). 2016; ():1-5.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hannele Holttinen; Jari J. Miettinen; Antonio Couto; Hugo Algarvio; Luis Rodrigues; Ana Estanqueiro. 2016. "Wind power producers in shorter gate closure markets and balancing markets." 2016 13th International Conference on the European Energy Market (EEM) , no. : 1-5.

Journal article
Published: 01 April 2016 in Renewable Energy
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In the latest years the wind energy sector experienced an exponential growth all over the world. What started as a deployment of onshore projects, soon moved to offshore and, more recently to the urban environment within the context of smart cities and renewable micro-generation. However, urban wind projects using micro turbines do not have enough profit margins to enable the setup of comprehensive and expensive measurement campaigns, a standard procedure for the deployment of large wind parks. To respond to the wind assessment needs of the future smart cities a new and simple methodology for urban wind resource assessment was developed. This methodology is based on the construction of a surface involving a built area in order to estimate the wind potential by treating it as very complex orography. This is a straightforward methodology that allows estimating the sustainable urban wind potential, being suitable to map the urban wind resource in large areas. The methodology was applied to a case study and the results enabled the wind potential assessment of a large urban area being consistent with experimental data obtained in the case study area, with maximum deviations of the order of 10% (mean wind speed) and 20% (power density).

ACS Style

Teresa Simões; Ana Estanqueiro. A new methodology for urban wind resource assessment. Renewable Energy 2016, 89, 598 -605.

AMA Style

Teresa Simões, Ana Estanqueiro. A new methodology for urban wind resource assessment. Renewable Energy. 2016; 89 ():598-605.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Teresa Simões; Ana Estanqueiro. 2016. "A new methodology for urban wind resource assessment." Renewable Energy 89, no. : 598-605.

Book chapter
Published: 05 March 2016 in Smart and Sustainable Planning for Cities and Regions
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Offshore wind power has been in recent years a highly debated topic and subject to investigation by the several players in the renewable energy sector. The advantages of this form of renewable energy are well known being some of the most important aspects the large wind resource and available area for wind farms’ installation. Nevertheless, the planning of an offshore wind energy project needs to be addressed carefully so as not to interfere with other economic activities or sensitive environmentally protected areas, among other constraints. Similarly, although the offshore wind resource is naturally higher than the resource onshore, the investment costs (including operation and maintenance) are also considerably higher, hence the need to establish straightforward and transparent methodologies for offshore wind planning. Most of the methodologies used for planning purposes are based on geographic information systems (GIS) due to its powerful capabilities in managing, formatting and modelling large amounts of georeferenced data usually involved in planning procedures. This chapter presents a methodology for offshore wind energy planning taking into consideration the several aspects of sea use and the main restrictions which can be relevant for wind farm installation. The methodology consists on the use of a GIS to manage the required information (resource and restrictions maps) and to develop a set of tools that enable the user to add, modify and model the information according to his objectives.

ACS Style

Paulo Costa; Teresa Simões; Ana Estanqueiro. Tools for Ocean Energy Maritime Spatial Planning. Smart and Sustainable Planning for Cities and Regions 2016, 161 -179.

AMA Style

Paulo Costa, Teresa Simões, Ana Estanqueiro. Tools for Ocean Energy Maritime Spatial Planning. Smart and Sustainable Planning for Cities and Regions. 2016; ():161-179.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paulo Costa; Teresa Simões; Ana Estanqueiro. 2016. "Tools for Ocean Energy Maritime Spatial Planning." Smart and Sustainable Planning for Cities and Regions , no. : 161-179.