Objective: The main objective of this study was to assess survival status and predictors of mortality among preterm neonates admitted to Mizan Tepi University Teaching Hospital. Materials and Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 568 randomly selected neonates. All preterm neonates admitted in NICU from May 9, 2016 to December 30, 2019 were the source population. Data were extracted from medical chart and entered to EpiData version 4.4.2.1 and analyzed by STATA version 14. Descriptive statistics, bivariate and multivariable analyses were done in a Cox regression model. Variables with P-value of < 0.05 were considered statistically significant in predicting the preterm mortality. Results: Out of 568 preterm neonates, 199 (35%) died with an incidence rate of 62.15 (54.09– 71.41) deaths per 1000 person-day-observations with median survival time of 15 days. Vaginal mode of delivery (adjusted hazard ratio, AHR: 1.78, 95%CI: 1.05– 3.08), non-cephalic presentation (AHR:1.8, 95%CI: 1.04– 3.06), born from mothers with no ANC follow-up (AHR: 1.9, 95%CI: 1.29– 3.01), fifth minute APGAR score < 7 (AHR: 1.87, 95%CI: 1.31– 2.68), RDS (AHR: 1.74, 95%CI: 1.28– 2.36), did not receive KMC (AHR: 1.45, (95%CI: 1.06– 1.98), did not cry immediately after birth (AHR: 2.81, 95%CI: 2.03– 3.93)), VLBW (AHR: 2.67, 95%CI: 1.29– 5.53), low birth weight (AHR: 2.24, 95%CI: 1.15– 4.39), and hypothermia (AHR: 1.36, 95%CI: 1– 1.84) were significantly associated with preterm mortality. Conclusion: Preterm neonatal mortality was high and the predictors were almost all preventable and treatable. Therefore, emphasis should be given toward prevention and early anticipation, and management of these predictors.

Objective: Despite getting sufficient sleep being one of the most important things that we can do to keep our body and mind healthy, sleep deprivation has become a major public health concern. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of sleep deprivation and its associated factors among students of the Institute of Health in Jimma University. Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April 10 to April 24 in 2019. Data were collected from 365 randomly selected participants and analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS; version 23). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the factors associated with sleep deprivation. The level of significance was declared at a P -value of <0.05. Results: A total of 365 participants participated, with a response rate of 97.6%. The study findings showed that 60.8% of students had sleep deprivation and 68.2% had sleep latency. Health problems (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.91 [95% confidence interval {CI} = 1.01–3.58]), alcohol consumption [AOR = 0.42 (95% CI = 0.2–0.89)], cigarette smoking [AOR = 0.31 (95% CI = 0.09–0.93)], khat chewing [AOR = 0.47 (95% CI = 0.12–0.82)], use of an electronic device before bedtime [AOR = 5.26 (95% CI = 1.78–15.52)], and cumulative grade point average (CGPA) [AOR = 0.48 (95% CI = 0.27–0.83)] were significantly associated with sleep deprivation. Conclusions: Sleep deprivation was common in the study area. This is mainly due to health problems, substance utilization, long-time use of an electronic device, and low CGPA. Therefore, a strategy and system should be established to limit substance use, enhance proper use of electronic devices, and create awareness on the impact of nonoptimal sleep.